时间:2019-02-18 作者:英语课 分类:英文语法词汇


英语课

   被动语态是相对主动语态而言,表示被动的句式,其基本结构为:be + 动词过去分词


  第一节 与主动态的显著区别
  被动语态与主动语态在形式上的特征是选择使用哪一种语态的必备常识,也是解题的法宝。
  1. 被动语态中谓语动词必须是及物动词
  2. 被动语态中谓语动词之后绝大多数不能再接宾语
  只有少数可接双宾语的动词,如:consider, give, call, name等,
  例如:She was considered a genius in painting.
  He was called a hero.
  The ship was named Queen Elizabeth.
  改错题中,若在被动句里, 动词(上面提到的接双宾语的动词除外)的被动式之后出现宾语,则此处必有错误,可改为主动句;同样,在主动句中, 若及物动词后没有宾语,也必定有误,可改为被动句
  3. by可视为被动语态的标志词,by之后的名词短语是句中动作的施动者;在题干中若见到by+名词的结构要优先考虑用被动式
  如: The wall is painted by Tom.
  The book was written by Mark Twain.
  注意1:by之后如果接的是动名词,则表示方式、手段,不能视为被动式的标志,且此时谓语应用主动式,
  如:He passed the exam by cheating.
  注意2:对于know来讲,一般用be known to 而不用be know by
  例题:
  (1)
  The seating of musicians in an orchestra 1 is arranged ----to produce the desired blend 2 of sounds from the various musical sections.
  (A) the conductor of
  (B) from the conductor
  (C) the conductor and
  (D) by the conductor
  答案:D
  解释:若不要空白处的话, 此句亦很完整, 可清楚的看出空后的不定式短语表目的, 那末可能填入的是arrange的施动者, 自然应该用by来引导;A of不能接不定式; C 不能在被动式后面接宾语
  第二节 被动语态的不同时态
  被动语态由助动词be加过去分词构成,它也会有不同的时态,其时态主要通过助动词be来表现。其中对过去进行时的表示方法需留意
  如:The potatoes are being peeled in the machine.
  She was being questioned by the police.
  其它时态举例:
  The table has just been cleaned. (现在完成时)
  His passport had been changed without his notice. (过去完成时)
  The press conference will be held in three weeks.  (一般将来时)
  例题:
  (1)
  Experiments in the photography of moving objects ----in both the United States and Europe well before 1900.
  (A) have been conducting
  (B) were conducting
  (C) had been conducted
  (D) being conducted
  答案:C
  解释:此句缺少谓语, conduct是及物动词, 后若无宾语应是被动式, A B 首先被排除, D分词不能单独作谓语

n.管弦乐队;vt.命令,定购
  • He plays the violin in an orchestra.他在管弦乐队中演奏小提琴。
  • I was tempted to stay and hear this superb orchestra rehearse.我真想留下来听这支高超的管弦乐队排练。
v.(使)混和,(使)混杂;n.混合物;混和
  • Do you think these two colours will blend together?你认为这两种颜色和谐吗?
  • These houses seem to blend into the surrounding scenery.这些房屋似乎与周围的景色融为一体了。
标签: 托福 语法
学英语单词
Abu Bakar
alpines celery pines
amphozone
animadverts
automatic program control
belmonts
benne-seed
blend with
Bloch wall
bluish
Brassica oleracea var.italica
bunshaft
burnet roses
byssi
carrier frequency wire broadcasting
carrier signal
charge for trouble
claw magnet
coefficient of surface dose rate
concertgoing
cradle book
curror
cyclical reactance
demustardization
deynteous
digital analyser
dummy robot
dynamic suspension
electrical model
engelbrechts
erythromycins
Fakkanci
fictitious factor
flow-rate range
fraxinus formosana hay.
gabrieles
gaseous discharge pumping
gastroptyxy
genus addaxes
grateloupia ramosissima
gunned down
heart-lung machine
insurance shot
ion-baffle
joio
keralites
kiore
knock kown
laryngeal speech
ligamenta cuneocuboideum dorsale
local self-government
lorca
mesa device
myopyrexia
naked karst
negative photoresists
nested cell
noise-stop device
normal angle aerial camera
odontolith
perkan
phenyl-a-naphthylamine
phonoaesthetics
phytomyza homogyneae
play dikkop
plural inflexion
polygonizing
ready mixed
recisions
resident data memory
retaliate upon
reverse azimuth sweep
rinke
roughness index
scale-less of free heating
SCRB
see one's way clear to do doing something
Seisachtheia
self-congratulatings
sequence of prior distributions
servant's security agreement
sieve testing
single-rooms
stagger cut press
standard cow day
stentorians
superolateral surface
supra callosal sulcus (or callosal sulcus)
system owned set
tamandua
tobacco cloth
transmission distortion measuring set
uncumbersome
under the gun s
upper supplementary shield(ing)
us oncology
villeneuves
volume management
weight indicating gage
xenoplastically
yellow races