时间:2019-02-13 作者:英语课 分类:TED演讲教育篇


英语课

   Fifty-four percent of the world's population  世界上54%的人口


  lives in our cities.  居住在城市。
  In developing countries,  在发展中国家,
  one third of that population  有三分之一的人
  is living in slums.  居住在贫民窟。
  Seventy-five percent of global energy consumption  全球75%的能源消耗
  occurs in our cities,  发生在城市,
  and 80 percent of gas emissions  导致全球变暖的气体
  that cause global warming 排放有80%
  come from our cities.  是来自城市。
  So things that you and I might think about  那些你和我可能认为
  as global problems,  是全球性的问题,
  like climate change, the energy crisis  比如气候变化、能源危机
  or poverty,  或者贫穷,
  are really, in many ways, city problems.  事实上从很多方面来讲,是城市问题。
  They will not be solved  这些问题是不会得到解决的,除非
  unless people who live in cities,  居住在城市里的人们——
  like most of us,  就像我们在座的大多数——
  actually start doing a better job,  真正行动起来,
  because right now, we are not doing a very good one.  因为现在我们做的还很不够。
  And that becomes very clear  这一点就变得非常清楚了。
  when we look into three aspects of city life: 当我们从以下三个方面考察城市生活时,
  first, our citizens' willingness to engage  首先是我们的公民参与
  with democratic institutions; 民主制度的意愿;
  second, our cities' ability to really include  其次是我们的城市能够真正包容
  all of their residents;  它所有的居民的能力;
  and lastly, our own ability  最后是我们自己
  to live fulfilling and happy lives.  能够充实而快乐地生活的能力。
  When it comes to engagement,  谈到民主参与意愿,
  the data is very clear.  我们有很清楚的数据。
  Voter turnout around the world  全世界的选民投票率
  peaked in the late '80s,  在上世纪80年代达到峰值,
  and it has been declining at a pace  然后以一个前所未有的
  that we have never seen before, 速度在下降
  and if those numbers are bad at the national level,  如果说这些数字在国家层面已经很坏了,
  at the level of our cities,  那么在城市层面
  they are just dismal 1.  则更惨淡了。
  In the last two years,  在过去两年中,
  two of the world's most consolidated,  世界上最坚固、
  oldest democracies, the U.S. and France,  最老牌的两个民主国家,美国和法国
  held nationwide municipal elections.  都举行了全国性的市政府选举。
  In France, voter turnout hit a record low.  在法国,投票率再创新低。
  Almost 40 percent of voters decided 2  将近40%的选民决定
  not to show up.  不去投票。
  In the U.S., the numbers were even scarier.  在美国,这个数字更加可怕。
  In some American cities,  在某些美国城市,
  voter turnout was close to five percent.  投票率仅仅接近5%。
  I'll let that sink in for a second.  我会给大家一点时间消化。
  We're talking about democratic cities  我们正在谈论的是那些民主城市,
  in which 95 percent of people  而在这些地方,有95%的民众
  decided that it was not important  觉得选举他们的领导人
  to elect their leaders. 并不是一件重要的事情。
  The city of L.A., a city of four million people,  洛杉矶,这座拥有400万居民的城市,
  elected its mayor with just a bit over 200,000 votes.  仅仅用20万多一点的选票就选出了市长。
  That was the lowest turnout the city had seen  这是这座城市近100年来投票率
  in 100 years. 最低的一次选举。
  Right here, in my city of Rio,  在这里,我所居住的城市里约,
  in spite of mandatory 3 voting,  尽管强制要求民众投票,
  almost 30 percent of the voting population  还是有将近30%的选民
  chose to either annul 4 their votes  决定将他们的选票作废
  or stay home and pay a fine  或者待在家里并支付罚款,
  in the last mayoral elections.  就在上一次的市长选举中。
  When it comes to inclusiveness,  谈到包容性,
  our cities are not the best cases of success either,  我们的城市也做得不是很成功,
  and again, you don't need to look very far  跟前面一样,你不需要很费力
  in order to find proof of that.  就可以看到这样的证据。
  The city of Rio is incredibly unequal.  里约是一个非常不平等的城市。
  This is Leblon.  这是莱布朗区,
  Leblon is the city's richest neighborhood.  莱布朗是这座城市最富裕的社区。
  And this is Favela Alem?o.  而这里是阿莱芒贫民窟,
  This is where over 70,000  容纳了7万多这座城市
  of the city's poorest residents live.  最贫穷的人。
  Leblon has an HDI, a Human Development Index,  莱布朗区的HDI,人类发展指数
  of 0.967.  是0.967。
  That is higher than Norway, Switzerland  这比挪威、瑞士或者
  or Sweden. 瑞典的都要高。
  Complexo do Favela Alem?o has an HDI of 0.711.  而阿莱芒的人类发展指数是0.711,
  It sits somewhere in between the HDI  介于阿尔及利亚和
  of Algeria and Gabon. 加蓬之间。
  So Rio, like so many cities across the global South,  就像南半球的许多其它城市一样,里约
  is a place where you can go from northern Europe  是一个你可以
  to sub-Saharan Africa  在30分钟内经历
  in the space of 30 minutes. 从北欧到撒哈拉以南的非洲的地方——
  If you drive, that is.  当然前提是你自己开车。
  If you take public transit 5, it's about two hours.  如果你乘坐公共交通,那就需要2个小时。
  And lastly, perhaps most importantly,  最后一点,也可能是最重要的一点,
  cities, with the incredible wealth  城市,因其产生的令人难以置信的
  of relations that they enable,  人际关系方面的财富,
  could be the ideal places for human happiness  可以是人类幸福蓬勃发展的
  to flourish.  理想场所。

adj.阴沉的,凄凉的,令人忧郁的,差劲的
  • That is a rather dismal melody.那是一支相当忧郁的歌曲。
  • My prospects of returning to a suitable job are dismal.我重新找到一个合适的工作岗位的希望很渺茫。
adj.决定了的,坚决的;明显的,明确的
  • This gave them a decided advantage over their opponents.这使他们比对手具有明显的优势。
  • There is a decided difference between British and Chinese way of greeting.英国人和中国人打招呼的方式有很明显的区别。
adj.命令的;强制的;义务的;n.受托者
  • It's mandatory to pay taxes.缴税是义务性的。
  • There is no mandatory paid annual leave in the U.S.美国没有强制带薪年假。
v.宣告…无效,取消,废止
  • They have the power to alter or annul inappropriate decisions of their own standing committees.他们有权改变或者撤销本级人民代表大会常务委员会不适当的决定。
  • The courts later found grounds to annul the results,after the king urged them to sort out the "mess".在国王敦促法庭收拾烂摊子后,法庭随后宣布废除选举结果。
n.经过,运输;vt.穿越,旋转;vi.越过
  • His luggage was lost in transit.他的行李在运送中丢失。
  • The canal can transit a total of 50 ships daily.这条运河每天能通过50条船。
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5GL
acrogamy
amerco
anelastic
aquarelles
bacteriological sterility
barrier complex
beam warping machine
bender and cutter
boundary compact space
capture velocity
Cebera
chief superintendent
complexification of a Lie algebra
craniocaudad
crece
crisis counseling
data terminal function
development support library
dextran-75
dies communes in banco
docible
dole out alms
doubty
drum coating
eka-radium
elastomeric property
etheredge
euler column formula
falling off the wagon
fat lava
film-processings
fizzling out
flat jack test
Flemish bends
get sb back
gigot sleeve
glossocatochus
hinge point
Hisyah
human information processing
income tax returnblank
jumping out
lift an embargo
Linnaeus's two-toed sloth
Lloyd's of London Press
mean avoiding speed
metadiscussion
moving half-lines
multiple eaves
musculus ischiourethralis
mutual interference
myzostoma
naval academies
nickel matrix cathode
No bottom sounding!
non-congression (darlington 1937)
open circular
orthofelsite
osipovich
pedunculus cerebellaris caudalis
peyotists
plasticviscosity
pre-committed
proximal contact
put one's heart into
rapid reading
re-lines
refrainment
relay assembly
Rocky Mountain oysters
Samilp'o
seasonal lake
second category gassy mine
semioccasionally
sex temptation
Shikar R.
sidecar wheel
sprayer jet arc
statistical differential enhancement
Stierlin's sign
stotting
struma cystica ossea
sub-arm
systat
telodynamic
tension-shear fault
the ecliptic
three-centered arch
throws obstacles in way
transduce pulse delay
truetone
two-minded
two-way automatic distributor
ultra-high pressure apparatus
vitol
vowless
wadis
washed
washwater
wire relaying