英语语法：介词短语的句法功能
英语课
1. 介词短语可以用作表语。如：
Mr. Smith is still in bed. 史密斯先生还在睡觉。
He was 1 already 3 in his sixties. 他已经六十多岁了。
Dinner was at one o’lock. 一点钟开午饭。
We are out of food. 我们的食物吃完了。
2. 介词短语可以用作状语。如：
The children are playing by the river. 孩子们在河边玩。
They often talk in English after class. 他们经常在课后用英语交谈。
Let’s go out for a walk along 4 the river. 咱们到江边散散步。
3. 介词短语可以用作定语。如(from www.zkenglish.com)：
The woman in the room is his wife 5. 房间里的那个女人是他的妻子。
China is a country with a long history. 中国是一个历史悠久的国家。
介词短语作定语时必须置于被修饰名词之后。如：
the people on the bus 公共汽车上的人
the girl in front of me 我前面的女孩
a woman in black 一个穿黑衣的妇女
a book on sports 一本关于运动的书
a boy with red hair 红头发的男孩
a bird in the tree 树上的鸟
4. 介词短语可以用作宾语补足语.。如：
We found 6 her in tears 7. 我们发现她在哭泣。
The cold kept him in bed for three days. 这次感冒让他卧床三天。
用作宾语补足语的介词短语在相应的被动语态中则为主语补足语：
He was regarded 8 as 2 a hero 9. 他被看成是英雄。
5. 介词短语可以用作宾语。如(from www.zkenglish.com)：
I saw 10 her from across 11 the street. 我从街对面望见了她。
He goes to work every day except 12 on Sunday. 除星期日外，他每天都上班。
I won’t go home until 13 after the exam 14. 我要等考完后才回家。
conj.按照；如同
- He got work in a hotel as a waiter.他在一家旅馆找到了当服务生的工作。
- In the hotel,the old men were drinking away as usual.在旅馆里，这些老人和往常一样喝个不停。
adv.已经
- We have eaten already.我们已经吃过了。
- I've been there already,so I don't want to go again.我早已去过那里了，所以我不想再去了。
adv.一道，一起；prep.沿着，顺着
- Would you like to come along?你想一起去吗？
- They walked slowly along the road.他们沿着公路慢慢走。
n.妻子，太太，老婆
- She is my wife.她是我妻子。
- He is a tall man but his wife is a short woman.他是个子很高的男人，但他妻子很矮。
v.建立，创立，创办；vbl.(find的过去分词)找到
- I found him at home.我发现他在家。
- The United Nations was found in 1945.联合国于1945年成立。
n.眼泪( tear的名词复数 )；破洞；裂口；裂缝v.撕( tear的第三人称单数 )；（使）分裂；撕碎；扯破
- She made a gallant attempt to hide her tears. 她强掩泪水。
- Her eyes were glistening with tears. 她眼里闪着晶莹的泪花。
v.关系( regard的过去式和过去分词 )；注意；（尤指以某种方式）注视；尊敬
- I regarded him as my friend and protector. 我视他为我的朋友和保护者。
- He regarded them as intellectual pygmies. 他把他们视为知识上的侏儒。
vbl.看见(see的过去式)；n.锯；v.用锯子锯
- Would you like to saw a tree for me?你能为我锯棵树吗？
- The moment I saw you,I knew you were angry with me.我一看到你，就知道你在生我的气。
adv.横过，使...被理解(或接受)；prep.穿过，横过
- He walked across the road carefully.他小心地过马路。
- You can go across the bridge.你可以越过这座桥。
v.除，除外，反对；prep.除了...之外，若不是，除非
- Everybody is here except tom.除了汤姆大家都到了。
- He never came except when he was in trouble. 除非有了困难，他从来不到这里来。
prep.直到...为止；conj.直到...时才...
- He arrived home until midnight.他直到半夜才到家。
- She didn't sleep until midnight.她直到半夜才睡。
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