时间:2019-02-07 作者:英语课 分类:英文语法词汇


英语课

  英文中形容词在进行比较时需变为比较级,主要有两种形式:


  在词尾加-er (单音节形容词),如:fast-faster, large-larger, busy-busier, big-bigger等;
  或在词前加more (多音节形容词),如:more useful, more complex等
  少数词比较级形式特殊,如:good(well)-better, bad(ill)-worse, many(much)-more, little-less, far-farther(更远的)/further(更进一步的),
  考点一 含有标志词than
  1.最常见的比较级句式是由连词than引导比较的对象,
  如:It takes less time to go there by air than by train.
  She possesses more books than I do.
  He is more intelligent than I expected.
  than可视为比较级的标志词,在填空题中,
  空后含有than的, 通常空格处需要填比较级,
  空格前含有比较级的,通常空格处需要填than引导的从句。
  例题:
  Maine has ---- weather than most of the other states in the continental 1 United States.
  (A) coolest
  (B) the coolest
  (C) cooler
  (D) the cooler
  答案:A
  解释:标志词than意味着应用比较级,A, B可先排除;D多the; 只有A正确
  2.为避免重复,than之后的从句中有些成分可以省略,只把相比的部分突出出来:
  情况1: 用指示代词that, those来代替省略的部分,
  如:The population of China is much larger than that of Great Britain.
  (that 指代the population)
  His designs won more acclaim 2 than those of his fellow colleagues.
  (those 指代 designs)
  情况2: 在省略的过程中,若than之后从句的谓语部分相同, 比较的是主语部分, 那么谓语部分通常用助动词do来代替, 并且习惯上将从句主语和助动词倒装 (do + 主语)
  如:The actors usually capture greater attention than do the playwrights 3 who may
  probably contribute more to the success of a play.
  例题:
  Mammals have a larger, more well-developed brain ---- other animals.
  (A) than do
  (B) that are having
  (C) which have
  (D) that do
  答案:A
  解释:空格前出现了形容词比较级,空格后是比较对象,应由than连接,选项中只有A符合条件,其中由助动词do引起了一个小倒装
  考点二  (not) so /as…as
  比较级特殊句式(not)so/as…as 表示“如同……一样、不如……”等意思,其结构和than句式相仿,但as…as之间的形容词必须用原形,而且as…as必须搭配使用,
  如:It is as good as it looks.
  The boss is not so bad-tempered 4 as you have described.
  填空题中常给出句子的一部分(第一个as),要求填出相搭配的部分(第二个as),一定要形成对这种搭配句式的敏感。
  例题:
  (1)
  The best way to control rats is by seeing that they have as ----.
  (A) possibly little nourishment 5
  (B) nourishment possibly little
  (C) little as possible nourishment
  (D) little nourishment as possible
  答案:D
  解释:空格处需要动词have的宾语,同时包含as…as句式,A、B都缺少与as搭配的结构,C语序有误,均可排除。D中as…as possible, 为固定用法, 意为“尽可能”.
  (2)
  There is evidence that prehistoric 6 humans used fire ---- 400,000 B.C.
  (A) so early
  (B) the earliest
  (C) as early as
  (D) so early that
  答案:C
  解释:依句意空格处需要“早在”这一意思的正确表达,只有C符合题意,用的是比较级特殊句式as...as
  考点三 the same…as
  此句式也常用来表示“和……一样”,the same和as既可连用,也可分开使用,
  如:She looks just the same as before.
  I got the same feeling as you did.
  改错题中常将此句式误用为the same…like /than, 要练就一双火眼金睛将其识别出来
  考点四 the more…,the more…
  此句式常表示“越……越……”,more在此处泛指比较级,此句式的特点是前后两句以逗号隔开,句子结构平行,而且谓语动词一致时,为避免重复常进行省略,
  如:The more she slept, the less comfortable she felt.
  The greater the size, the easier it is for you to spot.
  填空题中常需填入两个分句之一,因此看到the more结构,要注意选与其结构相近的另一半the more句式
  例题:
  (1)
  The greater the population there is in a locality, ----for water, transportation, and disposal of refuse.
  (A) the greater the need there is
  (B) greater need
  (C) is there great need
  (D) the great need
  答案:A
  解释:这是典型的 “the more…,
  the more…” 句式, 意为 “越…, 越…” 其逗号前后两部分结构要平行, 而且后一句可以不倒装, A 完全符合要求. C D 都缺少此固定句式所要求的第二个比较级; B 少定冠词the. 此句亦可改写为: If there is greater population in a locality, there will be greater need for water, transportation, and disposal of refuse.
  (2)
  The less the surface of the ground yields to the weight of the body of a runner, ---- to the body.
  (A) the stress it is greater
  (B) greater is the stress
  (C) greater stress is
  (D) the greater the stress
  答案:D
  解释:此句涉及比较级的特殊句式the more..., the more..., 此句式要求前后结构平行,当谓语一致时,后面的可省略,符合要求的只有D
  考点五 no longer /not…any longer
  no longer /not…any longer和no more/not…any more都表示“不再……”,
  如:He no longer smokes. / He doesn't smoke any longer.
  注意no longer /not…any longer不要混用,no more /not…any more同理,这一句式在改错题中出现。

adj.大陆的,大陆性的,欧洲大陆的
  • A continental climate is different from an insular one.大陆性气候不同于岛屿气候。
  • The most ancient parts of the continental crust are 4000 million years old.大陆地壳最古老的部分有40亿年历史。
v.向…欢呼,公认;n.欢呼,喝彩,称赞
  • He was welcomed with great acclaim.他受到十分热烈的欢迎。
  • His achievements earned him the acclaim of the scientific community.他的成就赢得了科学界的赞誉。
n.剧作家( playwright的名词复数 )
  • We're studying dramatic texts by sixteenth century playwrights. 我们正在研究16 世纪戏剧作家的戏剧文本。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • Hung-chien asked who the playwrights were. 鸿渐问谁写的剧本。 来自汉英文学 - 围城
adj.脾气坏的
  • He grew more and more bad-tempered as the afternoon wore on.随着下午一点点地过去,他的脾气也越来越坏。
  • I know he's often bad-tempered but really,you know,he's got a heart of gold.我知道他经常发脾气,但是,要知道,其实他心肠很好。
n.食物,营养品;营养情况
  • Lack of proper nourishment reduces their power to resist disease.营养不良降低了他们抵抗疾病的能力。
  • He ventured that plants draw part of their nourishment from the air.他大胆提出植物从空气中吸收部分养分的观点。
adj.(有记载的)历史以前的,史前的,古老的
  • They have found prehistoric remains.他们发现了史前遗迹。
  • It was rather like an exhibition of prehistoric electronic equipment.这儿倒像是在展览古老的电子设备。
标签: 托福语法
学英语单词
aeration candle
Africanises
architectural composition
Astorp
azan
b.p.r.d
bendiest
blast trauma
borica (hungary)
bottom drift
bring ... to justice
bubblejets
burn of oral cavity
capability-based addressing
cardiac branch (or cardiac nerve)
catbird seat
cavern filling
cinchonology
clandestin
concurrently
cynddylans
derailment due to climbing of wheel-flange on rail
Dicomano
diminuse
diringer
dirty realism
dissociator
do son
doing-dong fight
dottur
drupel
east schelde (oosterschelde)
electromechanical analog computer
extension line for dimension
fimbristylis subbispicata nees et mey.
for screw stays
frigid belt
go in for
Goeferdinge
guide bend test
gumboti
hollow font
horizontal pressure foot
horswertianolin
hyperepinephrinemia
intermetallic phase particle
Kummell's point
kundu
lacrimal probe
landleapers
launch velocity
licea biforis
lump-sum measure expense
maneuvering trials
marchand de vin sauce
Mborla-Dioulasso
minister to
mwhs
Niutou Bandao
nmdar
non-trivial functional dependence
notice of personal assessment
nuclear detector
orthodox straddle
out-of-order signal
outlitigated
pad supported jack-ups
passenger wharf
portable rivet forge
potassium cyanoaurite
precast artistic terrazzo flooring
promotion and transferring
quasi-stationary spectrum
radar distance meter
railway gauge
reclaimant
restless sleep
rice box
run-up
seated gas generator
selenates
self-judgment
shutoff block
silo cell
silverspears
single stage diffusion unit
singular stiffness matrix
snorkel divings
Solarians
swell scale
swing gear
tracing observation
transmission-countershaft reverse gear
trimolter
tuberostemonine
tyrement
undoed
unearthed
vaccinating
visual tuning
voltage generator
winter flowering