时间:2019-02-06 作者:英语课 分类:英文语法词汇


英语课


  中国人把那些“抢购商品的顾客”和“热心赌徒”叫做托儿,买鞋会遇上“鞋托儿”,买房会见到“房托儿”,甚至连看病都会碰到“医托儿”。而关于“托儿”的译法却五花八门,例如fake customer,decoy,cheat等,其实英语里专有一个对应的词来称呼这类“雇佣骗子”——shill。


  大约在1916年,shill首次出现在英语中。到了上世纪70年代,shill开始为人们广泛使用。在西方,狡猾的shill是马戏团或狂欢节的“固定曲目”,这类活动常常会找一些事先串通好的“观众”上台来配合表演者或玩游戏,从而瞒天过海,创造神奇。


  根据《全美俚语大全》的描述,shill可能是同义词shillaber的缩写,后者表示“赌摊等诱人入壳的假顾客,同伙”,现在已很少见。Shillaber可能出自Shillibeer一词,Shillibeer是19世纪英国一家大公共汽车公司的老板的名字。因为该公司曾雇佣一些无所事事的人坐在车上,以此来招徕乘客上他们的车,所以shillibeer就有了“车托儿”的含义。


  此外,shill可以与很多单词组合,表示更丰富的意义。例如,拍卖会上屡屡举牌哄抬价格的人叫做shill bidder(拍托儿);受雇在网上为某公司的产品或网址发帖子的人叫shill poster;奉命为新上映的电影写吹捧影评的“刀手”叫做studio shill;鼓动病人买某种药品的人叫drug shill(药托儿)等等。 



学英语单词
abuten
air lifting
aircraft repair ship
allstate
amino-arsenoxide
ammonia-maser-spectrum analyzer
anabelcia taiwana
Apollo propulsion development facility
atomic-beam resonance
baldanza
basking-shark
bear away
benedict equation of state
bleeder network
bubble-type-flow counter
choledochotomy
complete predicate
contraindicator
conventional stage
cpa examination
Cruoriaceae
Cyoctol
cytochrome a3
dance society
Dufresne, L.
electron-collection counter
father rule
field guns
flanged plate
fold your arms
FRACGP
gassest
genus Psetta
gold specie standard
Guarga, R.
hemiptelea davidii(hance) planch.
hieroglyphs
hippophagistical
horimi
humorings
hung-up
idle time report
inclined clarifier
interlocking phenomenon
jezekite
K.B.E.
kaolinizations
lampropids
lattices
list technique
Mariahu
Mezzanine fund
millimilligram
molarity
Montbrió de Tarragona
negus
number off
on-screen editing
paroncephala
polyacrylonitriles
Popigay
potassium fluoborate
pottsdam
present situation
priolepis kappa
pseudeurina maculata
pucksters
qarqaraly (karkaralinsk)
reinjection
release candidates
respecters
richnourishingcream
riffraffish
roller apron
sea wasps
Secchia, Fiume
sesquicentennially
set control
shank knuckle bone
Skewes
Sonepet
spatiography
spiniferite
strong operator topology
subculturals
subligamentous
supraorganizational
Susan Brownell
tagged element
tattler
temper time
the corridors of power
thermal demineralization of water
thiaxanthene
tisupurin
trammage
trixoscelid
truing caliper
unfortunateness
vindication
wheel mill bed
work holder