时间:2019-02-06 作者:英语课 分类:英文语法词汇


英语课


  中国人把那些“抢购商品的顾客”和“热心赌徒”叫做托儿,买鞋会遇上“鞋托儿”,买房会见到“房托儿”,甚至连看病都会碰到“医托儿”。而关于“托儿”的译法却五花八门,例如fake customer,decoy,cheat等,其实英语里专有一个对应的词来称呼这类“雇佣骗子”——shill。


  大约在1916年,shill首次出现在英语中。到了上世纪70年代,shill开始为人们广泛使用。在西方,狡猾的shill是马戏团或狂欢节的“固定曲目”,这类活动常常会找一些事先串通好的“观众”上台来配合表演者或玩游戏,从而瞒天过海,创造神奇。


  根据《全美俚语大全》的描述,shill可能是同义词shillaber的缩写,后者表示“赌摊等诱人入壳的假顾客,同伙”,现在已很少见。Shillaber可能出自Shillibeer一词,Shillibeer是19世纪英国一家大公共汽车公司的老板的名字。因为该公司曾雇佣一些无所事事的人坐在车上,以此来招徕乘客上他们的车,所以shillibeer就有了“车托儿”的含义。


  此外,shill可以与很多单词组合,表示更丰富的意义。例如,拍卖会上屡屡举牌哄抬价格的人叫做shill bidder(拍托儿);受雇在网上为某公司的产品或网址发帖子的人叫shill poster;奉命为新上映的电影写吹捧影评的“刀手”叫做studio shill;鼓动病人买某种药品的人叫drug shill(药托儿)等等。 



学英语单词
acceptor
Archytas of Tarentum
automatic heading reference system
ballons
baylis
beladle
birth and breeding
blizzicane
bootcamps
broad row cultivator
bubalo
carnavalet
case and effect diagram
cave sickness
chubby-cheeked
clear weed
close-by
closed die
competitive-strength
corporate-earnings
Coulomb interactions
debris flood
diaphragmatitis
double-end snap gauge
dragged-up
electronic vision
enabling key
endodiascopy
enthralled
equity instruments
Etlingera
eupaserrin
eupole
factor-production relation
family convolvulaceaes
flore
forceful arc
given the chance
growth-with-equity
haemangioma
height of curve
horizontal thrust on fixing support
hypocrea lutea
intelligibilty
interbike
larviculture
Laserpexy
liberatress
line echo wave pattern
liquid (pressure) gauge
living aquatic resources
loredanoes
mean corpuscular volume concentration
medium-to-hard formation
merphos
microdiabase
monte cario method
multimerisation
myotonia atrophicas
Mysidacea
narrow beam transmitter
Neolitsea undulatifolia
nonaocptide
normal direction flow
nose with control wing
nuclear fibril
null character
operator precedence parser
Pasolinian
personal Java
phosphate fertilizer
photoslit-lamp
planning model
plateau eruptions
pneumocystis pneumoniae
pseudodiffusion
RAMIGG
resign from
rock
row-man
ryacolite
Schmorl bodies
scholia
Schwann's cell
screen blinding
shop chart
single side-band short wave station
sketchily
sliding line contact
smuggling-ken
sporogenic cycle
stir up
superbly
tank bottom emulsion
Tech blog
the second technical revolution
theory of ablation
two-sided flexible disk
Wallenpaupack, Lake
wiatt
yasus
zacatons