时间:2019-02-06 作者:英语课 分类:英文语法词汇


英语课


  中国人把那些“抢购商品的顾客”和“热心赌徒”叫做托儿,买鞋会遇上“鞋托儿”,买房会见到“房托儿”,甚至连看病都会碰到“医托儿”。而关于“托儿”的译法却五花八门,例如fake customer,decoy,cheat等,其实英语里专有一个对应的词来称呼这类“雇佣骗子”——shill。


  大约在1916年,shill首次出现在英语中。到了上世纪70年代,shill开始为人们广泛使用。在西方,狡猾的shill是马戏团或狂欢节的“固定曲目”,这类活动常常会找一些事先串通好的“观众”上台来配合表演者或玩游戏,从而瞒天过海,创造神奇。


  根据《全美俚语大全》的描述,shill可能是同义词shillaber的缩写,后者表示“赌摊等诱人入壳的假顾客,同伙”,现在已很少见。Shillaber可能出自Shillibeer一词,Shillibeer是19世纪英国一家大公共汽车公司的老板的名字。因为该公司曾雇佣一些无所事事的人坐在车上,以此来招徕乘客上他们的车,所以shillibeer就有了“车托儿”的含义。


  此外,shill可以与很多单词组合,表示更丰富的意义。例如,拍卖会上屡屡举牌哄抬价格的人叫做shill bidder(拍托儿);受雇在网上为某公司的产品或网址发帖子的人叫shill poster;奉命为新上映的电影写吹捧影评的“刀手”叫做studio shill;鼓动病人买某种药品的人叫drug shill(药托儿)等等。 



学英语单词
216
account-receivable programme
amphibious objective study
annalises
anti-vices
antigones
aromatic pepsin
at one's own pace
back up in parsing
bazzs
beam directional stability
benzyl methyl ether
binimen
black-market of foreign currency
Burretiodendron kydiifolium
check strap guide
confined concrete
cue-induced
D. Cx.
dihydroxycholanic acid
domingues
double rail-type hoist
dracons
drum sticks
drying shed
easing fishplate
East Sheba Ridge
elastic storativity
elongated eye
endosmosis-mose
flow cast
fluphenaxine
full-rates
gerris lacustriss
group maintenance leader
guaranteed person
guilmant
gwyniads
gynocentrism
helvarg
hemmorhoide
heterologous vaccine
Hvalfjördhur
hydronephrosis of pregnancy
imipenem
immediate association
induction motor type synchronous motor
interference dialatomer
klaunig
leafields
local pressure reducing chamber
maser amplifier
Megacles
Mesoarchean
micromelo guamensis
microprogram addressing
Microsoft Word file
misadvice
multirow roller bearing
n-ary composition
nematogenic
Neyraudia fanjingshanensis
nonbracketed
normal representation
one-address computer
orangutan
oscillating tooth
pacquet
paralyzings
pars ossea tubae auditivae
photoluminescences
piggin
pneumatic pressure regulator
popliteal artery entrapment syndrome
power removal
preciouses
psychologic theme
Pterospermum yunnanense
pyridium
quantity paper
quincupedal
random access ds-cdma
reefer car
roman catholic popes
Romeral
salmon
Savusavu B.
scheduled frequency
security alerting system
sphaeraestbesia
stream channel
target information
the other one
Torrent-regulation
turbulence method
twistor
U9889
unbalanced magnetic pull
unhate
unripened mash
western regions
working temperature difference