全国公共英语等级考试五级 c2

　　[00:00.00]Questions 14-- 16 are based on an interview about a police officer

[00:08.10]talking about her work.

[00:11.34]You now have 15 seconds to read Questions 14--16.

[00:18.10]M:Now you spent,erm, quite some time,

[00:23.35]erm,as a beat officer or on the beat.Is that right?

[00:29.60]W:That's right.

[00:32.65]M:When you were training?  W:Yes.

[00:37.20]M:How long was that for?

[00:40.36]W:Approximately three and a half year before I specialised as such,

[00:47.10]M:And,and what would that involve?

[00:51.93]W:It involved doing shift system which is early,lates,nights.

[00:57.68]M:Early,lates and nights.Can you explain what.what hours they are?

[01:03.92]W:The early shift starts at six o'clock in the morning

[01:09.17]till two o'clock in the afternoon.

[01:13.01]Then you've got the late shift

[01:16.49]from two o'clock in the afternoon to ten o'clock at night.

[01:22.34]And then night duty from the p.m.until six a.m.

[01:28.08]because obviously all stations have to be manned 24 hours a day.

[01:35.03]M:Is there any particular aspect of the work that you prefer?

[01:40.88]W:Not really,erm. You do have your preferences.

[01:46.74]I mean,if its pouring down with rain you

[01:51.78]prefer to be in a car than walking,but somebody has to do it.

[01:57.71]M:When you're out on the beat how often in fact,erm,

[02:03.87]do incidents occur that require your;erm,intervention?

[02:11.13]W:You can't guarantee what's going to happen when you come on.

[02:16.67]You can come on duty thinking oh,you know:'What a great day'

[02:22.73]and you end up with something terrible happening,erm.

[02:28.69]Every day's different.

[02:31.75]M:Have you ever had anything

[02:35.09]terrible or dangerous or unpleasant happening to you?

[02:40.84]W:One or two things.yes.

[02:44.70]You obviously get involved with fatal accidents

[02:49.53]even just as a police officer as a PC.

[02:54.79]M:Would you say that was the worst part of the job,

[02:59.72]having to attend at fatal accidents?

[03:04.27]W:For myself,no.

[03:07.64]They're not as bad as some things.

[03:11.37]M:But it's obviously you say

[03:15.24]it's not what you consider the most unpleasant part What is?

[03:21.09]W:I think the worst things that you get involved with are the children

[03:28.04]the elderly and the animals.

[03:32.58]You get cases of child abuse,

[03:36.35]children that have been beaten by parents,abandoned by parents.

[03:42.09]Again,you get the elderly people who are victims of robberies,

[03:48.44]snatches,where they've

[03:51.99]had their property literally 1 wrenched 2 from their hands or their necks

[03:57.17]They're victims of burglaries.

[04:00.90]You now have 30 seconds to check your answers to Questions 14--16.

[04:08.87]Question 14-16 according to Part C (2).

[04:11.01]14.What does the officer have to do as a beat officer?

[04:13.07](A)Intervene with beatings  (B)Do the shift work.

[04:15.11](C)Drive in a rain   (D)Be at the police station24 hours.

[04:17.18]15.What is the hour of a late shift?

[04:19.21](A)2.p.m.-10.p.m.    (B)6.p.m.-2.a.m.

[04:21.28](C)10.a.m.-6.p.m.    (D)6.a.m.- 10.p.m.

[04:23.31]16.What does the officer think is the worst part of her job?

[04:25.35](A)Getting involved in fatal accidents.

[04:27.42](B)Having to walk in the rain at nights.

[04:29.45](C)Dealing with crimes concerning children,old people and animals.

[04:31.52](D)Having to work long hours.

[04:33.55]Questions 17--20 are based on the following report.

[04:40.32]You now have 20 seconds to read Questions 17--20.

[04:46.88]ANNOUNCER:(fade) ...which will be concluded at the meeting of

[04:51.11]the International Monetary 3 Fund next month.

[04:56.25]In Britain reports have been coming in of further deaths

[05:02.29]in the Strange ways prison riot.

[05:06.42]Now in its second day,the riot seems to be escalating 4

[05:12.48]and the Home Office are refusing to comment on rumours 5

[05:18.22]that the riot is out of control.

[05:22.59]Renata Cohen has brought us this report from the scene:

[05:28.44]RENATA COHEN:I'm standing 6 outside the main gate

[05:32.38]of Manchester's Strange ways prison.

[05:36.74]Smoke is billowing overhead

[05:40.58]and I can see a number of prisoners on the roof of the chapel 7.

[05:45.76]At the moment there appears to be a great deal of confusion

[05:51.01]over the situation inside the prison.

[05:55.34]This morning a squadron of not police

[05:59.71]entered the prison followed by firemen

[06:04.07]who managed to control a blaze in the gymnasium block,

[06:09.40]but it is still not clear whether the smoke

[06:14.05]we can see is the result of this

[06:17.89]or if other parts of the complex are on fire.

[06:22.93]We have seen dozens of ambulances entering and leaving the building

[06:28.78]but the Home Office spokesman

[06:32.93]has refused to confirm reports of at least eleven dead and fifty wounded.

[06:39.88]It seems that at least halt of the one thousand six hundred prisoners

[06:47.12]in Strange ways are loose in the prison.

[06:51.98]while an estimated seven hundred have surrendered

[06:56.84]and been transferred to other prisons.

[07:00.88]Our latest information is that the remaining prisoners

[07:06.14]have barricaded 9 themselves into several of the cellblocks

[07:11.49]and are resisting all attempts to remove them.

[07:16.35]The not appears to have started during the Sunday morning service in--chapel

[07:22.80]one of the few times when the men are gathered together in one area.

[07:28.23]I spoke 8 to one prison officer earlier today

[07:33.28]who claimed that trouble had been brewing 10 for several months,

[07:38.03]mainly due to severe overcrowding

[07:42.29]and reductions in exercise and visiting hours.

[07:47.33]It seems that in some cases

[07:51.27]three prisoners have been forced to share cells designed for one person.

[07:57.83]Some of the Journalists here report that they have seen canisters of tear gas

[08:04.10]and rifles in the police vans,

[08:08.25]perhaps an indication of the extreme measures

[08:12.49]now deemed necessary to get this not under control.

[08:17.84]This is Renata Cohen reporting for LCC news in Manchester.

[08:23.41]ANNOUNCER:This months EC trade figures were announced today

[08:29.05]and show a distance improvement on the second quarter.

[08:35.00]You now have 40 seconds to check your answers to Questions 17--20.

[08:42.66]Question 17-20 according to Part B (3).

[08:44.72]17.What is the report about?

[08:46.76](A)A serious accident   (B)A big fire.

[08:48.82](C)A sport turmoil      (D)A prison riot,

[08:50.86]18.How many people are injured in the incident?

[08:52.92](A)11  (B)50  (C)700   (D)800

[08:54.96]19.What is one reason of the incident?

[08:57.00](A)Overcrowdedness  (B)Confusion over the situation.

[08:59.06](C)Reduction in allowances  (D)Use of tear gas and rifles.

[09:01.10]20.What should be done to get the situation under control?

[09:03.16](A)Catling ambulances    (B)Using a van

[09:05.20](C)Calling the police    (D)Taking extreme measures

[09:07.26]That is the end of part B.

[09:11.21]Part C

[09:14.47]You will hear an interview about the ways animals form into groups.

[09:20.01]As you listen,you must answer Questions 21-- 30.

[09:26.07]by writing NOT MORE THAN THREE words in the space provided on the right.

[09:32.21]You will hear the interview TWICE.

[09:36.05]You now have 60 seconds to read Questions 21--30.

[09:42.40]W:Right.You're talking about social groupings here,

[09:47.36]could you tell us something about the ways animals form into groups?

[09:52.90]M:Yes,er many,many animals are very solitary 11 animals;

[09:59.85]the only times they get together is when they mate,

[10:05.00]or when they're bringing up their young.

[10:08.94]The majority of animals are solitary,

[10:13.49]but a very significant group of mammals and insects,like

[10:19.44]ants and termites,bees and wasps 12 are very social and they group together

[10:27.30]because in a group it's much safer:

[10:32.16]you can defendyourself more easily if you're in a group,

[10:37.70]you can find mates more easily if you're in a group,

[10:43.37]and you can change the world around you by working with the others

[10:49.30]if you live in a group.

[10:52.54]Solitary animals have a much more difficult time in many ways.

[10:59.10]W:You mentioned lions and other carnivore earlier on.

[11:04.84]Do they group very much?

[11:08.19]M:Yes.Most cats in fact don't group.

[11:13.25]Er lions and,to all esser extent,cheetahs are the only cats that group together

[11:22.11]--a group of lions is called a pride

[11:26.76]--and you might get anything up to fifteen or twenty lions in a pride.

[11:33.32]A pride of lions would have perhaps two or three males,

[11:39.25]perhaps a dozen females,and then the cubs 13.

[11:44.39]But the real lion group consists of females with their cubs.

[11:51.03]The males tend to stay for a few years

[11:55.08]and then they get kicked out by a group of younger males

[12:00.61]that comes in and take over

[12:04.87]W:Right.What about other animals such as the...

[12:10.33]you've got here zebras,for example,

[12:14.17]and the apes as well,do they...   M:Yes.

[12:18.72]Well,zebras form temporary groups.

[12:23.94]Most of the year they're basically on their own,

[12:28.67]although you will get groups of mothers looking after their foals,

[12:34.91]but at one time a year when the females are ready to mate,

[12:40.66]then the males move in,and the males fight one another very vigorously:

[12:47.22]they will try and bite each other,

[12:51.16]they will try and neck-butt each other

[12:55.63]and the biggest,strongest males see off the others,

[13:01.66]and they're the ones that collect a little group of females around them

[13:08.22]and mate with those females.But once mating is finished,

[13:14.78]and the babies are beginning to develop inside the mothers' bodies,

[13:20.84]then off the males go

[13:24.88]and live solitary lives again for the rest of the year

[13:30.42]W:And how about the apes?

[13:34.65]M:Ah,well,now you're talking about the group of animals that we belong to

[13:42.13]and apes--some apes--live in very,very big and complicated social groups

[13:51.16]Not all--orangutans,for example,

[13:55.81]big apes that live in Indonesia and Malaysia--they're very solitary

[14:03.18]and one adult may meet another adult only once every two or three years,

[14:09.92]when a male and a female mate,

[14:13.86]and then,the only relationship then will be between a mother and her baby

[14:20.60]The baby will stay with the mother for two or three years,

[14:25.57]four years,five years even,learning from the mother,

[14:31.42]learning what sorts of foods to eat,what the signs of danger are,

[14:37.95]and then when the baby grows up,off it'll go,

[14:43.28]and live its own,solitary life.

[14:47.54]The reason why arangutans are solitary

[14:52.50]is because there's not very much food in a forest

[14:57.75]and if there was a big group of orangutans

[15:02.09]all the food would-just run out.

[15:06.14]But,leaving Asia and going to Africa,then you find very social apes.

[15:13.19]Now,gorillas 15,for example,'gorillas live in unimale groups.

[15:20.32]They used to be called harems

[15:24.26]but the technical term is unimale because there's one male within the group

[15:31.50]one male,and then around him will be anything

[15:36.46]up to six,seven,eight,nine females,plus all the babies.

[15:43.52]And that one male in the group is the silverback gorilla 14,

[15:49.47]and he's much bigger and stronger than the others.

[15:54.72]He's got silvery fur on his back and the others won't challenge him

[16:01.28]and he'll lead the group slowly through the forest,

[16:06.32]settling down every night and moving on the next day,finding food.

[16:13.27]So that's a unimale group,

[16:17.03]but if you move a little bit further west,into West Africa,

[16:22.88]you'll start to come across chimpanzees.

[16:27.25]Now they're a bit smaller than gorillas;

[16:31.48]they spend a lot of time in the trees,whereas gorillas're down on the ground

[16:37.72]and chimpanzees are much more closely related to us

[16:43.18]than they are to gorillas

[16:46.52]They're our closest living relatives.

[16:50.96]Now chimps 16 live in multimale groups;in other words you'll get,

[16:58.23]oh,anything up to six,seven,eight males,

[17:03.79]then you'll get two or three times that number of females,

[17:09.43]a dozen,two dozen females,plus all the youngsters,

[17:15.89]so we're talking about groups

[17:19.83]that can be as big as forty or fifty of even sixty.

[17:25.99]Now,a chimpanzee group--multimale group--

[17:30.85]is a very flexible type of group:

[17:35.29]it constantly splits into smaller groups,off they go for a few days,

[17:42.45]back they come,reform,break up again and within that group

[17:49.40]the males tend to hang around the outside,

[17:54.15]protecting the group,fighting off rival males that might want to come in

[18:00.50]and mate with the females,

[18:04.26]but they tend to come and go to some extent

[18:09.12]The on-going core of the chimpanzee group consists

[18:14.87]of females with their young,

[18:19.02]and sometimes sisters will actually work together

[18:25.27]to bring up their young collectively.

[18:29.73]Yes,so apes are very,very social animals indeed.

[18:36.87]Now you are going to hear the record a second time.

[18:42.04]You now have 100 seconds to check your answers to Questions 21--30.