时间:2019-02-02 作者:英语课 分类:英文语法词汇


英语课

   英语在其长期发展过程中形成了一种相对固定的句子结构:“主语+谓语”,这与汉语是相似的。“主语”是句子的话题,是信息传递的出发点;“谓语”是对话题所作的说明,是说话人说要传递的信息。试观察下列句子:


  主语  谓语
  I am a Chinese boy.
  Mary has two best friends
  Seeing is believing 1 .
  To do is harder than to say.
  We wish you success 2!
  从上述例子可以看出,作为句子的话题,主语通常是一些事物性或实体性的词,否则,主语便不能成为句子的话题,不能成为信息传递的出发点。所以,主语通常是个名词、名词词组、或者相当于名词(词组)的语法结构。而谓语是对主语所做的说明,它指出主语所表示的事物或概念是或不是什么,有或没有什么,要或不要什么,做了或未作什么等等。因此,谓语通常是述说性的,他能说明情况,表达意愿,评判美丑,分辨是非。所以,谓语通常由动词或动词词组来担任,而且谓语部分在结构上通常要比主语长一些或者更复杂一些。英语句子的谓语是动词性的,这就是说,谓语是以动词为中心的。而在汉语中,谓语有的是:① 动词性的,如:“我去北京。猫吃老鼠”;但也有:② 名词性的,如:“那张桌子四条腿。今天星期一。”如果硬说“有三条腿、是星期一”,在汉语中反倒不自然。可是,倘用英语来表达这些句子,则必须有个动词;在汉语中还有:③ 形容词性谓语,就是直接拿形容词作谓语,不带任何动词,如:“那孩子聪明。那件事危险。”,就用不着动词。但诸如此类的句子用英语去表达,可千万别忘了动词。“The boy is clever. That matter is dangerous.”
  由此可见,在汉语中,名词和形容词都可以独立作谓语,但在英语中却不可以。下面我们就从主语和谓语入手详细剖析英语的句子成分。
  句子成分的定义:组成一个句子的各个部分,叫做句子成分。包括:主语、谓语(宾语、表语)、以及用于修饰句中名词和代词的定语、修饰句中动词、形容词和副词的状语。主语和谓语构成句子的骨架,而定语和状语则是修饰骨架的血肉,是修饰语。句子成分主要由实词担任。实词包括:名次、动词、代词、形容词、副词和数词。虚词在句中只起连接、限定或表达喜怒哀乐感情等作用,不做句子成分。虚词包括:介词、连词、冠词和感叹词等。

n.成就,成功
  • The party looks like being a success after all.无论怎么说这次聚会看起来是成功的。
  • All in all,it has been a great success.总的来说,非常成功。
标签: 句子成分
学英语单词
abalienates
acoustical mode scattering
adetunji
admissible exhaust temperature
airborne catapult
airways shelter
Alpha-Methyl-L-Tyrosine
amenities of life
anterior tibial recurrent artery
black sapote
Brong-Ahafo
campanellae
Chekina, Zaliv
chemosorptions
chickenpoxes
Chipera
clothes shop
coherence spectrum
cold wind
coman
CSRI (Columbia Scientific Research Institute)
cxencephaly
dhoons
douglas
dust haze (hz)
dwarf phloxes
Examilia
excessive sheer
Extacol
go to the bathroom
grevy
hewart
implorators
intercepting drain
isoureido
JIRA,J.I.R.A.
kaliophylite
Karlivka
Kφge Bugt
lacquer tree
LATSP
Lobnya
loss and profit carried forward
make out that
margin buying
Marine Corps Intelligence Activity
mathematical base of map
mean of the sampling distribution
mesorhine
microvoids
module information
motor transport conversion and computation chart
MPBR
mynd
named terminal
national airline
nijaz
nursery planter
off oil
oil circuit breaker oil
one-click
overlap-add method
palaeoeffusive
paractaea rufopunctata
phenolic cloth laminate
pick-up fitting
porolithons
pratfall effect
precision counter
radioreceiver
radix module
ready-to-receive signal
rebollo
reflection-seismic exploration
return interval
return on invested capital
Rhizogonium
ritual bath
rizalite (philippinite)
sample material
Saulzais-le-Potier
scale leg
soybean situation and outlook
spacecraft technology
spark point
starly
suppression of background noise
suspended water
syndrome of lung collaterals injured by summer-heat
syphilobine
tangent resolution
tap the market
thewedly
to chew out
trpes
unceased
ussu
vertical type stranding machine
warm fuzzy
weightlessness walking training
wise-hearted
Xiangkhoang, Khouèng