时间:2019-02-01 作者:英语课 分类:英文语法词汇


英语课
十二、动词ing+名词的复数作主语结构这是一个比较难的结构,因为许多同学经常混淆动名词和现在分词。  现在分词相当于形容词,和后面的名词是修饰与被修饰的关系;  动名词是相当于具有动词特征的名词,和后面的名词是动宾关系。

那么如何在句子中判断动名词和现在分词呢?我们来看两个例子:  Doing exercises is a good habit. 做练习是一个好习惯。  The starring troops have to surrender.   第一个句子强调的是做,而不是练习,不能说练习是一个好习惯,只能说做练习是一个好习惯,因此do是中心词,它和后面的名词是动宾关系,那么这个do就是动名词;  第二个句子说挨饿的军队必须投降,是军队投降,而不是挨饿要投降,因此中心词是troop,starring是来修饰troop的,因此starring是现在分词。

在“动词ing+名词的复数”作主语结构的句子中,谓语动词是系动词is

例1:___by transferring the blame to others is often called scapegoating 1.    (A) Eliminate problems    (B) The eliminated problems(被消除的问题)   (C) Eliminating problems    (D) Problems are eliminated 分析:空格处缺主语。(A)不能作主语,(B)的名词为复数,与后面谓语动词相矛盾,(D)使句子出现两个谓语,故排除。(C)构成动名词短语,可作句中主语,故选(C)。这个题目的意思是通过把责任转嫁给别人,这种消除问题的方式,通常叫做替罪羊。

例2:___wooden buildings helps to protect them from damage due to weather.     (A) Painting     (B) Painted     (C) The paint     (D) By painting 分析:从谓语动词helps可判断出主语不可能为buildings, 因为主谓语在数上不一致,故空格处缺构成单数的词。四个选项中只有动名词painting符合这一条件,故选(A)。(B)构成复数名词短语,(C)无法与后面的名词连接,(D)构成介词短语,不能作主语,三个选项都可排除。 painted wooden buildings 被油漆的房子,中心词是buildings, 后面help不能用单数 painting wooden buildings油漆房子这件事情,中心词是painting

例3:Scientists think ___helps some tree to conserve 2 water in the winter.    (A) when losing leaves    (B) leaves are lost    (C) that losing leaves    (D) the leaves losing 分析:这道题目大家都能够选择C, 但是我们必须彻底理解C为什么正确,think that后面是宾语从句。losing是及物动词,丢弃叶子帮助树来保持水分,要注意不是树叶来帮助保持水分,而是丢弃树叶这个动作来保持水分。丢弃叶子是树主动丢弃,因此losing是动名词。

十三、make结构 make结构即为:make +sth.(宾语) +possible+(宾语补足语)共有三种形式:   make it possible+to do    make it possible+that引导的从句   make possible sth (这个sth一定很长,它后面有一个后置定语)

做题技巧:   如果possible后面有to do 或者that引导的定语从句, 中间一定有it    如果possible后面有名词,中间一定没有it

例1:X-rays are able to pass through objects and thus make___details that are otherwise impossible to observe .    (A) it visible    (B) visibly    (C) visible    (D) they are visible 分析:此题考动词make的一种用法,visible后面有名词,因此中间不能有it,选择C;可以看到空格后that引导的是定语从句,visible是宾语补足语,宾语补足语的存在是因为宾语太长了,details是宾语。

例2:Using many symbols makes___to put a large amount of information on a single map.    (A) possible    (B) it possible    (C) it is possible    (D) that possible 分析:从四个选项可以判断出本题考make的一种惯用法。首先排除明显的错误选项:C为句子,却没有与主句相连的连词,D中that后面应有主语并构成结构完整的从句。 由于后面是动词不定式,因此possible前面一定有it, it作形式宾语,故B正确。


v.使成为替罪羊( scapegoat的现在分词 )
  • Washington's scapegoating of China could take the world to the brink of a very slippery slope. 华盛顿方面找中国作替罪羊,可能会把世界推向灾难性下滑的边缘。 来自互联网
vt.保存,保护,节约,节省,守恒,不灭
  • He writes on both sides of the sheet to conserve paper.他在纸张的两面都写字以节省用纸。
  • Conserve your energy,you'll need it!保存你的精力,你会用得着的!
学英语单词
Abercrombie R.
aerated conduit
airlanes
allolog
aluminum hydroxide adsorbed toxoide
amuls
aseptic canning
aspiration pneumonedema
autocatalytical
azoviolet
bed occupancy rate
benzoxepines
Bigge I.
business firm
cocoon-peeling machine
combined object-oriented language
constant ambient temperature
cost accrued in construction contract
cumulative factor
dandai
different brackets
diphenyldiimide
dissemination structure
divergent-current
dysaemia
dysergastic reaction
early summer budding
Eimen
electric unit
electroilluminating
enzymotic
extractive metallurgy
Faraday rotation diagnostics
fimbriae of uterine tube
fraidy cat
fussier
geniculating
hexasiloxanes
high-grade melting scrap
hot probe method
Hutuo Group
hygrometer balance
Kapalika and Kalamukha
kuei
lacker
louisiade
macadamized road
managerialists
materie
measuring clock
micromechanical devices
mycosphaerella zingiberi shirai et hara
Nasmyth focus
net plant temperature
New Moorefield
noncoders
Nunavik
Nuzzer
octocopter
orten
out of case
oxidized microcrystalline wax
partition deed
pattern poetry
permanent mailing address
pockmarking
point of personal explanation
polarizing quartz
polit
productive operations
protective cable
queken
recent rain and snow
refilling crankcase
reinforcing strap
rhombicosidodecahedron
rock block
runs into
saomatopathia
sec-butyl propionate
seismic site
Session layer.
SGML - Standard Generalized Markup Language
shallow needling
Shostakovich Peninsula
shyamas
slow burn
spice
subscriber's number display circuit
syringalactone
tabby cat
Terra di Sienna
tilt-barrier
tollbar
transfer level
UEFI
veinlet
very slight shock
washout hole
water-bag
yank someone's chain
zigzag power transformer