科学美国人60秒 SSS 健康也传染

Healthy Behavior Can Spread Like Illness 健康也传染

If your friends are happy—turns out you're more likely to be happy too. If your friends are overweight, that too ups the odds 1 you'll pack on pounds. Those effects have been shown in studies. And now researchers have identified another seemingly contagious 2 quality: exercise.

如果你的朋友很快乐,结果表明,你也更容易快乐.如果你朋友超重,那么你体重增加的几率也会上升.研究得出了以上结论.现在研究人员也证实了另一个似乎有传染性的品质:锻炼.

The investigators 3 analyzed 4 the running activity of more than a million individuals worldwide who used an exercise tracking device for five years. And they used weather patterns as a way to randomly 5 examine different parts of that global network.

研究人员分析了全世界一百万人的跑步活动,这些人5年来一直在使用运动跟踪装置.研究人员利用天气来随机监测全球不同的地区.

"If it happens to be a really nice day out, sunny and not too hot, not too cool, that will induce people to run more.” Sinan Aral, a computational social scientist at MIT. “If it's a rainy day and cold, that will induce people to stay in more on average."

如果天气很好,阳光明媚,温度适中,那么人们外出跑步.阿拉尔是麻省理工学院的计算社会科学家.但是如果天气阴冷下雨，那么一般人们会呆在家里。

And since cities have different weather patterns, he says, this natural experiment allowed them to ask: Does a rainy day in New York affect running in San Diego? "If the weather in New York causes changes in the running behavior in San Diego, it can really only be happening thru peer influences of the friends who live between New York and San Diego."

阿拉尔表示，由于不同的城市，天气可能会不同，因此在自然实验中研究人员就会产生这样的问题：纽约下雨会影响圣地亚哥人们的跑步活动吗?如果纽约的天气引起圣地亚哥跑步活动的变化，那么这就说明，居住纽约和圣地亚哥的同伴影响效应。

And that is exactly what he and his colleague saw: that the behavior of one city's runners could indeed affect the behavior of runners in another socially connected city. The study is in the journal Nature Communications.

这就是阿拉尔和同事们得出的结论：一个城市跑步者的行为会对与之相联系的另一个城市的跑步者的行为。该研究结果发表在《自然通讯》杂志上。

A few caveats 6: women tended to be influenced more by the female runners in their networks. And less active runners tended to influence more active runners to run more, but not so much the other way around. Still, this could be valuable intel for health professionals.

几许告诫：女性更容易受社交圈中的女性跑步者的影响。不积极的跑步者往往会使得活跃的跑步者增加锻炼量，但是反过来则不成立。所以，这对互联网健康专家将会非常有价值。

"We have to start thinking about consumers and citizens as networked consumers and networked citizens. Where they are influenced by and influence their social network in very strong and dynamic ways, that will change the way a particular intervention 7 succeeds or fails."

“我们必须开始考虑作为网络消费者和网络公民的消费者和公民。因为社交网络以强势、动态的方式对他们产生影响，这会改变其成功或失败的干预方式。”

In other words—if your prescription 8 is more exercise? The doctors might want to write a prescription for your friends and family, too.

换而言之——如果你的处方是增加锻炼?那么医生可能给你的朋友和家人写下相同的处方。