十分钟了解英语历史 盎格鲁撒克逊人

 The History of English in Ten Minutes. Chapter 1. Anglo-Saxon or whatever happen to the Jutes.

十分钟了解英语历史。第一章，盎格鲁撒克逊人或发生在朱特人的任何事。
The English language begins with the phrase ‘Up Yours Caesar!’ as the Romans leave Britain and a lot of Germanic tribes start flooding in, tribes such as the Angles and the Saxons – who together gave us the term Anglo-Saxon, and the Jutes – who didn’t. 
英语以这句话开头，去你的凯撒！当罗马人离开英国，大量日耳曼部落开始涌入。例如盎格鲁和撒克逊人。他们留下这个盎格鲁撒克逊人的叫法。以及没留下痕迹的朱特人。
The Romans left some very straight roads behind, but not much of their Latin language. The Anglo-Saxon vocab was much more useful as it was mainly words for simple everyday things like ‘house’, ‘woman’, ‘loaf’ and ‘werewolf’. 
罗马人留下了一些笔直的道路，但是关于拉丁语的不多。盎格鲁撒克逊的语汇更有帮助因为他们都是关于简单的日常用语，像房子，女人，面包，狼人。
Four of our days of the week - Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday and Friday were named in honour of Anglo-Saxon gods, but they didn’t bother with Saturday, Sunday and Monday as they had all gone off for a long weekend.
我们一周的四天，周二，周三，周四和周五提名为祭拜盎格鲁撒克逊的上帝的日子。但是周六，周日和周一并不打扰人们的正常生活，因为人们都出去度假了。
While they were away, Christian 1 missionaries 2 stole in bringing with them leaflets about jumble 3 sales and more Latin. Christianity was a hit with the locals and made them much happier to take on funky 4 new words like ‘martyr’, ‘bishop’ and ‘font’.
当他们离开的时候，基督教传教士潜进了，带着传单小册子。为了慈善汇款和更多的拉丁语。基督教给当地人带来震动，让他们乐于接受极具表现力的新词，比如殉道者，主教，洗礼盆。
Along came the Vikings, with their action-man words like ‘drag’, ‘ransack’, ‘thrust’ and ‘die’, and a love of pickled herring. They may have raped 5 and pillaged 6 but there were also into ‘give’ and ‘take’ – two of around 2000 words that they gave English, as well as the phrase ‘watch out for that man with the enormous axe 7.’
同时到来的还有北欧海盗说着的话，比如拖，彻底搜索，刺，死亡，喜欢腌制鲱鱼。他们可能强奸或抢劫，但是也会喜欢给予和索取。这是他们带来的2000个词汇中的两个，还有句话，他们挥舞着巨大的斧头说，小心一点！




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1
Christian

  
 


adj.基督教徒的；n.基督教徒


参考例句：





They always addressed each other by their Christian name.他们总是以教名互相称呼。
His mother is a sincere Christian.他母亲是个虔诚的基督教徒。












2
missionaries

  
 


n.传教士( missionary的名词复数 )


参考例句：





Some missionaries came from England in the Qing Dynasty. 清朝时，从英国来了一些传教士。 来自《简明英汉词典》
The missionaries rebuked the natives for worshipping images. 传教士指责当地人崇拜偶像。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》












3
jumble

  
 


vt.使混乱，混杂；n.混乱；杂乱的一堆


参考例句：





Even the furniture remained the same jumble that it had always been.甚至家具还是象过去一样杂乱无章。
The things in the drawer were all in a jumble.抽屉里的东西很杂乱。












4
funky

  
 


adj.畏缩的，怯懦的，霉臭的；adj.新式的，时髦的


参考例句：





The kitchen smelled really funky.这个厨房有一股霉味。
It is a funky restaurant with very interesting art on the walls.那是一家墙上挂着很有意思的绘画的新潮餐馆。












5
raped

  
 


v.以暴力夺取，强夺( rape的过去式和过去分词 )；强奸


参考例句：





A young woman was brutally raped in her own home. 一名年轻女子在自己家中惨遭强暴。 来自辞典例句
We got stick together, or we will be having our women raped. 我们得团结一致，不然我们的妻女就会遭到蹂躏。 来自辞典例句












6
pillaged

  
 


v.抢劫，掠夺( pillage的过去式和过去分词 )


参考例句：





They are to be pillaged and terrorised in Hitler's fury and revenge. 在希特勒的狂怒和报复下，他们还遭到掠夺和恐怖统治。 来自辞典例句
They villages were pillaged and their crops destroyed. 他们的村子被抢，他们的庄稼被毁。 来自辞典例句












7
axe

  
 


n.斧子；v.用斧头砍，削减


参考例句：





Be careful with that sharp axe.那把斧子很锋利，你要当心。
The edge of this axe has turned.这把斧子卷了刃了。