时间:2019-01-17 作者:英语课 分类:托福英语


英语课

   在托福考试中,听力是一个很重要的环节,而在听力备考的过程中,词汇又是非常重要的。


  在托福听力的备考过程中,我们细细翻一下TPO资料,如果发现连审题都有着困难,那么,这时候就建议大家可以回头看看词汇的记忆了。那么,究竟对于托福听力来说,我们的词汇内容又该从哪几个方面加以进行呢?
  专有名词
  在文中出现的人名、地名等专有名词通常对考试没有多大影响。只要考生能够意识到在说的是某个人或者某个地点就行,笔记中的体现可以以大写首字母代替。甚至有的词在考试界面上会出现,考生只需混个眼熟,之后在做题时能认出来就行。
  话题类单词,术语
  托福考试的lecture话题非常广泛,虽然官方指南给出了艺术、生命科学、自然科学和社会科学四大类话题,但事实上这四个话题已经能囊括任何专业知识点了,知识面再广的学生也不可能面面俱到。当lecture中出现一些专业术语,甚至当这个术语就是考题的中心话题怎么办?既然是术语,文中当然会出现对术语的解释,所以考试只需淡定地等待解释出现即可。常见的说法有:
  the definition of …is
  …can be defined as…
  … , that/which is …
  … is/are ….
  例如:What is spectroscopy? Well, the simplest definition I can give you is that spectroscopy is the study of the interaction between matter and light.
  Spectroscopy is basically the study of spectra 1 and spectral 2 lines of light, and specifically for us, the light from stars.
  这两句话出自不同话题的两篇文章,但都和spectroscopy(光谱学)这个话题相关,并做了定义。前句相对简单通俗,后句几乎是用本词介绍了自己,所以不容易理解,但也能知道这个概念是和光相关的,对做题也能产生辅助的理解作用,至少保证大方向不偏。
  解释性语句
  为了能帮助考生理解,对于非术语性的一些词和语句,听力原文中也往往存在这样那样的解释。即便单词本身不理解,也可以根据这些解释来了解基本含义。常见的表达方式有:
  … (by that) I mean…..
  … that /which is…
  … you know …
  … in other words …
  例如:…suddenly it stops and preens 3, you know, it takes a few moments to straighten its feathers…
  后半句中straighten its feather即preen的解释,因此preen可解释为整理,梳理。
  同义词,近义词
  这种方式是文中最容易出现的,在相对较陌生的单词后面紧跟一个或多个同义词。但对于考生来说,出现生词很容易造成恐慌,在慌乱中同义词就过去了,根本无暇顾及。专家提醒广大考生,考试不仅考实力,更是对心态的考验,好的心态往往能起到很大的作用。
  例如:…many of the films of the 20s and 30s would be considered hybrids 4, that is, a mixture of styles that wouldn’t exactly fit into any of today’s categories.
  该句中非常明确指出hybrid即mixture的意思,也就是混合的意思。
  … got two conflicting drives – two competing urges
  有冲突的动机和相互竞争的主张两者理解其一即可。
  逻辑推测
  不少考生做听力时会碰到一个问题,即无法做到对文章的整体理解,常常把句子、段落割裂开来听,不管语句之间意义的联系。有时顺着一个句子的逻辑方向去想,有些生词的意思自然就出现了。
  … inside there is a seed with a hard shell. It appears that the shell has to crack open or breakdown 5 somewhat to allow the seed soak up water.(听到这里如果思考一下为什么种子要吸水,不难想到是为了发芽) You know, if their seeds remain inside their shell, they will not germinate 6. 如果在听前半句时想到了发芽,按照逻辑后半句所说的如果种子无法破壳,那么也就无法发芽了。germinate也就是发芽的意思。
  These paintings were made deep inside a dark cave, where no natural light can penetrate 7. 在又黑又深的山洞里,自然光当然是无法照射到了,所以penetrate是穿透的意思。
  可能有的考生会觉得,遇到生词时在短暂的时间内根本无法思考那么多解决方法。这些方法不应该是一边听一边提醒自己要注意使用,而是养成习惯,变成自己的潜意识,不自觉地使用。考生可以在做精听练习遇到生词的时候先思考一下,这些生词是否可以利用原文弄清含义,多感受文章的表达方式。

n.光谱
  • The infra-red spectra of quinones present a number of interesting features. 醌类的红外光谱具有一些有趣的性质。
  • This relation between the frequency and the field spectra was noted experimentally. 实验上已经发现频率和场频谱之间的这种关系。
adj.幽灵的,鬼魂的
  • At times he seems rather ordinary.At other times ethereal,perhaps even spectral.有时他好像很正常,有时又难以捉摸,甚至像个幽灵。
  • She is compelling,spectral fascinating,an unforgettably unique performer.她极具吸引力,清幽如鬼魅,令人着迷,令人难忘,是个独具特色的演员。
v.(鸟)用嘴整理(羽毛)( preen的第三人称单数 )
  • He struts and preens like a peacock and believes he is worthy of adoration. 他像孔雀一样趾高气扬,认为自己应该受到爱戴。 来自互联网
  • Collared Kingfisher, Khulna Province, Bangladesh A collared kingfisher preens in the Sundarbans mangrove forest of Bangladesh. 一只白领翡翠鸟在孟加拉国巽达班斯红树林里整理羽毛。 来自互联网
n.杂交生成的生物体( hybrid的名词复数 );杂交植物(或动物);杂种;(不同事物的)混合物
  • All these brightly coloured hybrids are so lovely in the garden. 花园里所有这些色彩鲜艳的杂交花真美丽。 来自辞典例句
  • The notion that interspecific hybrids are rare is ill-founded. 有一种看法认为种间杂种是罕见的,这种看法是无根据的。 来自辞典例句
n.垮,衰竭;损坏,故障,倒塌
  • She suffered a nervous breakdown.她患神经衰弱。
  • The plane had a breakdown in the air,but it was fortunately removed by the ace pilot.飞机在空中发生了故障,但幸运的是被王牌驾驶员排除了。
v.发芽;发生;发展
  • Seeds will not germinate without water.没有水,种子是不会发芽的。
  • Can thin and hollow seeds germinate?瘦瘪的种子能够发芽吗?
v.透(渗)入;刺入,刺穿;洞察,了解
  • Western ideas penetrate slowly through the East.西方观念逐渐传入东方。
  • The sunshine could not penetrate where the trees were thickest.阳光不能透入树木最浓密的地方。
标签: 托福听力
学英语单词
-ologist
acceptance limits
analog-to-digital (a/d) converter
Apoplon
art-materials
ball race mill
blackballing
bouldery
brothin
Campano
capital of Tennessee
carpenter's gimlet
channel cascade
chartism
client-attorney
conformable array
conspicuosity
copper bloom
creative engineering program
cystidiole
dentofacial area
design crafts
dry-bulb temperature
editing run
electric thickness gauge
elytras
enterocholecy stostomy
entropy cascade
fibromatoid
first order
fmcea (failure mode & critical effects analysis)
gaining weight putting on weight
hammer-mill sieve
heterocodeine
ice bath
implantation of artificial lens
incompetent person
intra-cultural
intrasatellite switching
ion implantor
irrigable culture
isopycnosis
K'ibtīya
Kucherov reaction
lanatoside B
leading out
legal control
liability under endorsement
licking his lips
linseed oil putty
lower bracket
maylam
Mentapok
monjita
morningstar.com
multi-focus lens
music and lyrics
Nawāpāra
neutron cooling coefficient
no load saturation curve
normal data transfer
Oimbra
overnumerous
pajama pants
pan-rage
panino
paysage
permitter
petit cape
photo theodolite
photoelectric safety device
phurba
pole-hanging transformer
ponz
positive stripe
post cured insulation
potassium methionate
quintuplings
ranting
reparelling
restart definition
restrive
Scott, Mount
seeding area
shoot her bolt
small business under individual ownership
smarthinking
speed ratio
stertle
sulfur-crested cockatoo
Sungailiat
synchrobetatron resonance
tetraphalangeate
top-flites
understanding program
unillustriously
unimixes
uterine mucosa
Ventschow
wincze
Yamaska
Yazidi