时间:2019-01-17 作者:英语课 分类:托福英语


英语课

   听力薄弱的考生是很难在托福考试中得到高分的。首先考生对自己的词汇量应该有个基本的了解。考生可以翻看一下TPO练习的问题部分,如果连审题都有困难,那么建议先别急着考试,好好从最基础的词汇开始背诵。如果问题理解都非常顺利,那么可以做几道题目感受一下听的部分。分析认为,生词在文中出现主要有这么几种解决方法:


  1. 专有名词
  在文中出现的人名、地名等专有名词通常对考试没有多大影响。只要考生能够意识到在说的是某个人或者某个地点就行,笔记中的体现可以以大写首字母代替。甚至有的词在考试界面上会出现,考生只需混个眼熟,之后在做题时能认出来就行。
  2. 话题类单词,术语
  托福考试的lecture话题非常广泛,虽然官方指南给出了艺术、生命科学、自然科学和社会科学四大类话题,但事实上这四个话题已经能囊括任何专业知识点了,知识面再广的学生也不可能面面俱到。当lecture中出现一些专业术语,甚至当这个术语就是考题的中心话题怎么办?既然是术语,文中当然会出现对术语的解释,所以考试只需淡定地等待解释出现即可。常见的说法有:
  the definition of …is
  …can be defined as…
  … , that/which is …
  … is/are ….
  例如:What is spectroscopy? Well, the simplest definition I can give you isthat spectroscopy is the study of the interaction between matter and light.
  Spectroscopy is basically the study of spectra 1 andspectral lines of light, and specifically for us, the light from stars.
  这两句话出自不同话题的两篇文章,但都和spectroscopy(光谱学)这个话题相关,并做了定义。前句相对简单通俗,后句几乎是用本词介绍了自己,所以不容易理解,但也能知道这个概念是和光相关的,对做题也能产生辅助的理解作用,至少保证大方向不偏。
  3. 解释性语句
  为了能帮助考生理解,对于非术语性的一些词和语句,听力原文中也往往存在这样那样的解释。即便单词本身不理解,也可以根据这些解释来了解基本含义。常见的表达方式有:
  … (by that) I mean…..
  … that /which is…
  … you know …
  … in other words …
  例如:…suddenly it stops and preens 2, you know, it takes a few moments tostraighten its feathers…
  后半句中straighten its feather即preen的解释,因此preen可解释为整理,梳理。
  4. 同义词,近义词
  这种方式是文中最容易出现的,在相对较陌生的单词后面紧跟一个或多个同义词。但对于考生来说,出现生词很容易造成恐慌,在慌乱中同义词就过去了,根本无暇顾及。专家提醒广大考生,考试不仅考实力,更是对心态的考验,好的心态往往能起到很大的作用。
  例如:…many of the films of the 20s and 30s would be considered hybrids 3, thatis, a mixture of styles that wouldn’t exactly fit into any of today’scategories.
  该句中非常明确指出hybrid即mixture的意思,也就是混合的意思。
  … got two conflicting drives – two competing urges
  有冲突的动机和相互竞争的主张两者理解其一即可。
  5. 逻辑推测
  不少考生做听力时会碰到一个问题,即无法做到对文章的整体理解,常常把句子、段落割裂开来听,不管语句之间意义的联系。有时顺着一个句子的逻辑方向去想,有些生词的意思自然就出现了。
  … inside there is a seed with a hard shell. It appearsthat the shell has to crack open or breakdown 4 somewhat to allow the seed soakup water.(听到这里如果思考一下为什么种子要吸水,不难想到是为了发芽) You know, if their seeds remain inside their shell,they will not germinate 5. 如果在听前半句时想到了发芽,按照逻辑后半句所说的如果种子无法破壳,那么也就无法发芽了。germinate也就是发芽的意思。
  These paintings were made deep inside a dark cave, whereno natural light can penetrate 6. 在又黑又深的山洞里,自然光当然是无法照射到了,所以penetrate是穿透的意思。
  可能有的考生会觉得,遇到生词时在短暂的时间内根本无法思考那么多解决方法。这些方法不应该是一边听一边提醒自己要注意使用,而是养成习惯,变成自己的潜意识,不自觉地使用。考生可以在做精听练习遇到生词的时候先思考一下,这些生词是否可以利用原文弄清含义,多感受文章的表达方式。

n.光谱
  • The infra-red spectra of quinones present a number of interesting features. 醌类的红外光谱具有一些有趣的性质。
  • This relation between the frequency and the field spectra was noted experimentally. 实验上已经发现频率和场频谱之间的这种关系。
v.(鸟)用嘴整理(羽毛)( preen的第三人称单数 )
  • He struts and preens like a peacock and believes he is worthy of adoration. 他像孔雀一样趾高气扬,认为自己应该受到爱戴。 来自互联网
  • Collared Kingfisher, Khulna Province, Bangladesh A collared kingfisher preens in the Sundarbans mangrove forest of Bangladesh. 一只白领翡翠鸟在孟加拉国巽达班斯红树林里整理羽毛。 来自互联网
n.杂交生成的生物体( hybrid的名词复数 );杂交植物(或动物);杂种;(不同事物的)混合物
  • All these brightly coloured hybrids are so lovely in the garden. 花园里所有这些色彩鲜艳的杂交花真美丽。 来自辞典例句
  • The notion that interspecific hybrids are rare is ill-founded. 有一种看法认为种间杂种是罕见的,这种看法是无根据的。 来自辞典例句
n.垮,衰竭;损坏,故障,倒塌
  • She suffered a nervous breakdown.她患神经衰弱。
  • The plane had a breakdown in the air,but it was fortunately removed by the ace pilot.飞机在空中发生了故障,但幸运的是被王牌驾驶员排除了。
v.发芽;发生;发展
  • Seeds will not germinate without water.没有水,种子是不会发芽的。
  • Can thin and hollow seeds germinate?瘦瘪的种子能够发芽吗?
v.透(渗)入;刺入,刺穿;洞察,了解
  • Western ideas penetrate slowly through the East.西方观念逐渐传入东方。
  • The sunshine could not penetrate where the trees were thickest.阳光不能透入树木最浓密的地方。
标签: 托福听力
学英语单词
acceleration hardware
adjaria (ajaria)
allegorizing
antenna position indicator
ardisioside
area of popular inversion
baron-myerson model
bearer shares
bi-cable
biological clocks
boldnesses
burneys
buttonhole stitch
by-battle
castellaw
chambulle
character symbol
chemistry of Mimas
chesil-bob
Chi-square butter
Christie's International PLC
clart
closed feedwater heaters
co-arbiter
composition of natural gas
compressed asbestos-cement sheet
concolores
constant-stress layer
contaminating accident
cost maintenance
counterconditioning
cycloalkane
cystojejunostomy
Dasypodidae
Dell PartnerDirect
digital flight control
dimethadione
donkey jacket
Douay-Rheims Version
environment pollution source judgement
experimental packet switching service
feeder modulation
fowl-run
gas-flow counter tube
gentle agitation
green index number
grimiest
guanidophosphate
hard chrome
hash table entry
horseshoe-shaped section
hypnodelic
impact press
industrial computer
inter-regnum
interplacing
Jaroměřice nad Rokytnou
key job
killer-t lymphocytes
loading ramp
long-distance power transmission
loose round
mammoniacal
mariticides
massa innominata
mileage book
Mokpoman
nobil
non-problems
noninterbreeding
olfactotegmental tract
on the tip of her tongue
onx
orchidorrhaphy
orthogonal geometry
outlet-pipes
popular fronts
porcelain jasper (porcellanite)
profit drawing
program flow chart
relation between cause and effect
rocking motion
seuerance
skew
sniggler
social benefit
sodium trithionate
spiroid canal
straight-through cracking
Sulcorebutia
synchronous apparatus
synoecium
textile cone
thrust-needle roller bearing
Timane, R.
traffic lane
transportation engineer
troublings
Virginia Woolf
Wachapreague
WASPdom, Waspdom
water saving irrigation