不可小窥的主谓一致(3)
时间:2019-01-16 作者:英语课 分类:英文语法词汇
英语课
二、指代一致
指代一致是指句中的代词应该在人称、数、性等方面与所指的词保持一致。
1.人称一致
(1)当代词指代名词或另一个代词时,须在人称上与所指代的词保持一致。例如:
1)I recognized one of the girls, but I didn’t speak to her.
2) That woman said that she was over fifty.
3) They asked whom they should apply to.
(2)当代词指代集合名词时,用单数人称代词强调整体,用复数人称代词强调个人。例如:
1) The committee 1 have discussed their report on the disaster.
2) The audience are raising their hands to signify 2 their approval 3.
(3)当everyone, everybody, no one, nobody, anyone, anybody, someone, somebody等作主语时,相应的代词一般采用单数形式。例如:
1) If anyone calls, tell him I’ll be back later.
2) Everyone thinks he is the center of universe.
注:在非正式文体中,特别是在会话体里,常用代词的复数形式是为了故意不具体说出所指的那个人的性别。例如:
1) Has anybody brought their camera?
2) No one could blamed themselves.
(4)由neither … nor, not only … but also, either … or, not … but, or等连结的并列主语,其后的附加疑问部分主语用复数代词。例如:
1) Neither you nor I am wrong, are we?
2) Both Tom and Jack 4 came, didn’t they?
2.性、数、格一致
(1)代词的性一般仅限于第三人称。例如:
1) China will always do what she has promised to do.
2) The boy stood at the door with his hat in his hand.
(2) 当or或nor连接阳性名词或阴性名词时,代词一般和近者保持一致。例如:
1) Neither John nor Mary has got what she wanted.
2) If you should see Mary or Thomas, tell him the news.
(3)单数名词由and连接时,相应的代词一般用复数形式。例如:
1) Food and rent are more expensive than they used to be.
2) Jim and Mary spoke 5 on the subject as if they were experts.
3.应注意的问题
(1)当句子的主语是one, 并要在句子中多次出现时,一般用第三人称单数代词来代替后面将出现的one或one’s;当one在句子中泛指人时,在反意疑问句中也可用you来代替。例如:
1) One should never blame his friends when he friends when he finds himself in trouble.
2) One can’t be too careful, can you (one)?
n.委员会,全体委员
- We referred the matter back to the Finance Committee.我们把这事转回给财政委员会处理。
- I am going to speak out against the committee's decision.我打算直言反对委员会的决定。
vt.表示...的意思,意味,预示
- State ownership in itself does not signify collective control.国家所有本身并不意味集体控制。
- The striped band round a policeman's sleeve is to signify that he is on duty.警察袖子上的袖标标明他正在执勤。
n.赞成,同意;批准,认可
- The audience has expressed its approval.观众已经认可。
- The teacher signed his approval.老师做了手势表示同意。
n.插座,千斤顶,男人;v.抬起,提醒,扛举;n.(Jake)杰克
- I am looking for the headphone jack.我正在找寻头戴式耳机插孔。
- He lifted the car with a jack to change the flat tyre.他用千斤顶把车顶起来换下瘪轮胎。
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主谓一致