时间:2019-01-16 作者:英语课 分类:英文语法词汇


英语课

   在“主语-谓语-补语”的结构中,不定式结构可以与形容词搭配,以此来构成形容词词组,作主语补语。但由于形容词类别的不同,形容词词组作主语补语时所形成的句型也就有所差异。下面,小编分别介绍三种“形容词+不定式”的意义和用法。


  一、主句主语是不定式的逻辑主语
  用于该种搭配的一般是动态形容词。主要有四类:
  1.表示喜怒哀乐的形容词+不定式:
  I am sorry to hear that. 听到这个消息,我很难过。
  She is glad to help children in the poor areas. 帮助贫穷山区的孩子,她很开心。
  2. 表示运气好坏的形容词+不定式:
  The little boy was lucky to get the present. 这个小男孩很幸运,得到了礼物。
  3. 表示心理状态、个人态度的形容词+不定式:
  He was anxious 1 to find out the answer. 他迫切地要找到答案。
  4. 表示性格特征、行为表现的形容词+不定式:
  He was careless to break the window. 他不小心打破了窗户。
  二、主句主语是不定式的逻辑宾语
  用于该种结构的一般都是静态形容词。主要有两类:
  1. 能以不定式作主语,且能转换成先行it-结构:
  This book is interesting to read.
  = To read this book is very interesting.
  = It is very interesting to read this book.
  2. 不能以不定式作主语,也不能转换成先行it-结构:
  This kind of coffee is bitter 2 to taste. 这种咖啡尝起来很苦。
  This map is clear to read. 这张地图看起来很清晰。
  三、“某些形容词+不定式”的歧义现象:
  有些“形容词+不定式”作主语补语时,主句主语既可以是不定式的逻辑主语,也可以是不定式的逻辑宾语。如:
  The storybooks are easy to sell.
  该句中,我们可以理解成“The storybooks sell easily”,也可以理解成“It is very easy to sell the storybooks.”
  因此,该句便出现了歧义。而具体是哪一种意义,则要根据上下文以及具体的情境来加以判断。
  总结下来,当形容词与不定式搭配时,主要就是有以上的三种意义和用法。而这些意义和用法的不同之处,也恰恰说明了词的意义与句子结构之间相互制约的关系。

adj.忧虑的,焦急的;渴望的,急要的
  • She is anxious about her job.她为工作而焦急。
  • I'm sure Jordan will be anxious to see you.我确定乔丹急着要见您。
adj.激烈的,苦涩的,辛酸的,厉害的,悲痛的;n.辛酸,苦味,苦酒
  • The bitter winter was coming.寒冬到了。
  • The two countries fell out in a bitter wrangle over imports.这两个国家在有关进口问题的激烈争吵中闹翻了。
标签: 语法
学英语单词
-g
a certain amount of
Akseki
anti-drag wire
assemblers
at need
bernalillo
bialo
bistable trigger-action circuit
breakdown impedance
bringout seedling from storage
budgetary control system
caligo
carbunculations
cardialasthma
chronografic recorder
classification index
clearance fee
cone scan autotracking
datum(pl.data)
diaphragm vacuum gauge
didymiunm
Do you know any of those people
doxorubicine
dual-status tax year
Dumfries
dust-ignition-proof motor
eigensubspace
executive function
exoelectron dosemeter
fault occurred during seek
fault repairing
flutterest
Gaussian hypergeometric function
generalized t2 distribution
gentianopsis crinitas
glenconners
grained layer
gross fission products
grupes
halichoeres timorensis
high-visibilities
horo (bulgaria)
hymes
impassionately
internal fissure
Kaliningradskaya Oblast'
Karman Tsien for mula
Kitasatoa
l10n
lamp pendant
lanipendious
longmuir
man machine interface modeling
marryages
mica insert
micro-profilometer
mill ball
MVEG
neurodonometer
nitrogenous substance
occupational guidance
ocunterparty
oomold
overconcentrating
own-brands
penimepiciclina
phenylmercury succinate
polar radiation pattern
quick thinking
rapidly oscillating Ap star
rear-end
receipt account
redeclares
reelingly
scientific organization
sea damage
Senecio oryzetorum
settingvalue
siphonariid
slow-speed magnet action
sulfonamide acetylase
superstitous
tetralemma
Thailander
thickened sludge
Thomas Cranmer
total acceptance angle
trip standard
tropic low water inequality
tubular beam compass
uck
ulmaceaes
universal joint oil seal cap ring
us quarter
usr
veteran cars
virus bronchopneumonia
weakly podzolic soil
wild birds
wooden toy
working energy