时间:2019-01-16 作者:英语课 分类:英文语法词汇


英语课

   在“主语-谓语-补语”的结构中,不定式结构可以与形容词搭配,以此来构成形容词词组,作主语补语。但由于形容词类别的不同,形容词词组作主语补语时所形成的句型也就有所差异。下面,小编分别介绍三种“形容词+不定式”的意义和用法。


  一、主句主语是不定式的逻辑主语
  用于该种搭配的一般是动态形容词。主要有四类:
  1.表示喜怒哀乐的形容词+不定式:
  I am sorry to hear that. 听到这个消息,我很难过。
  She is glad to help children in the poor areas. 帮助贫穷山区的孩子,她很开心。
  2. 表示运气好坏的形容词+不定式:
  The little boy was lucky to get the present. 这个小男孩很幸运,得到了礼物。
  3. 表示心理状态、个人态度的形容词+不定式:
  He was anxious 1 to find out the answer. 他迫切地要找到答案。
  4. 表示性格特征、行为表现的形容词+不定式:
  He was careless to break the window. 他不小心打破了窗户。
  二、主句主语是不定式的逻辑宾语
  用于该种结构的一般都是静态形容词。主要有两类:
  1. 能以不定式作主语,且能转换成先行it-结构:
  This book is interesting to read.
  = To read this book is very interesting.
  = It is very interesting to read this book.
  2. 不能以不定式作主语,也不能转换成先行it-结构:
  This kind of coffee is bitter 2 to taste. 这种咖啡尝起来很苦。
  This map is clear to read. 这张地图看起来很清晰。
  三、“某些形容词+不定式”的歧义现象:
  有些“形容词+不定式”作主语补语时,主句主语既可以是不定式的逻辑主语,也可以是不定式的逻辑宾语。如:
  The storybooks are easy to sell.
  该句中,我们可以理解成“The storybooks sell easily”,也可以理解成“It is very easy to sell the storybooks.”
  因此,该句便出现了歧义。而具体是哪一种意义,则要根据上下文以及具体的情境来加以判断。
  总结下来,当形容词与不定式搭配时,主要就是有以上的三种意义和用法。而这些意义和用法的不同之处,也恰恰说明了词的意义与句子结构之间相互制约的关系。

adj.忧虑的,焦急的;渴望的,急要的
  • She is anxious about her job.她为工作而焦急。
  • I'm sure Jordan will be anxious to see you.我确定乔丹急着要见您。
adj.激烈的,苦涩的,辛酸的,厉害的,悲痛的;n.辛酸,苦味,苦酒
  • The bitter winter was coming.寒冬到了。
  • The two countries fell out in a bitter wrangle over imports.这两个国家在有关进口问题的激烈争吵中闹翻了。
标签: 语法
学英语单词
absorbed water
accident fault
alphameric field
anchored trough
anxiety neuroses
be greeted with
bidens pilosa pilosa
bilateral synchronization
binary raster
biomedical mathematics
Bitterroot Range
bodum
book yield
book-shops
brakemakers
business liquidity
cesky
chamaecrista nictitans patellaria glabrata
cityful
constant rate injection method
dirt-encrusted
Dmitry
Draketown
dustoory
electronically operated mill
emptory
equation of sphere
everniastrum cirrhatum
extensive shower
faceted crystal
farnum
fear-free
FLAVOQUINA
flux bar
formiminoether
front horizontal scale
gas laws
geder
geometric error
georgeanne
green bans
ground link frame
hairy finger grasses
hepatic region
hermit crab sponges
hochalter
Hongkong foot
hydro-thermal treatment
illuminated display
International Trade Mark
ionika (greece)
klaasen
knock tendency
Kystatyam
labialis
labile flow
Leptodermis vestita
Mathews, Lake
Maxstone
metabolus formosanus
moenomycin A
Mordva
multi-function transducer
naturogenic
negative sequence resistance
new collar
Odiakwe
oil-line scavenge
oscillation of dislocation
outdistanced
patent grant
polyformalolehyole fiber
pre-eminence
propagates
pupil-lostatometer
reversible liferaft
ringed seal
selective electrode
self-blended yarn
Shigella ceylonensis
shitcom
sperming
Spray-painter
Stokes Bank
sudafed
sumaresinolic acid
synhyemie
the liberty bell
thin-cylinder
thousandsome
Trigonobalanus dolichangensis
trinitro-alpha-naphthol
tuzlaite
undercount
venae dorsalis penis
VHF RDF
video camera digitizer
Vitis
waterinch
white all-round light
wind direction recorder
you are all wet