高考语法:动词的ing形式做定语

 　　动词的-ing形式既包括动名词又包括现在分词,在英语中使用极其广泛,同时也是高考中的重要考点,因此要求每位高中学生对其都应清楚了解并正确运用。下面就动词的-ing形式在句中做定语总结如下:

　　动词的-ing形式做定语在句中通常有两个位置,如果是单个的动词的-ing形式做定语,常放在被修饰词前做前置定语;如果是动词的-ing形式的短语做定语,常放在被修饰词后做后置定语。如:
　　1.He is an attacking player.他是一个攻击型的运动员。
　　2.He asked an embarrassing 1 question.他提了一个令人难堪的问题。
　　3.A little child learning 2 to walk often falls.学走路的小孩常常跌跤。
　　4.Do you know the number of people coming to the party?你知道来参加晚会的人数吗?
　　注意:当-ing形式做后置定语时,可以相当于相应的定语从句。如:
　　1.A young man writing novels came to speak to us yesterday.
　　→A young man who writes novels came to speak to us yesterday.
　　一位写小说的青年昨天来向我们作报告。
　　2.The girl sitting next to me was my cousin.
　　→The girl who was sitting next to me was my cousin.坐在我旁边的姑娘是我表妹。
　　-ing形式做定语通常从以下三方面考查,即:
　　1)说明被修饰词的性质,特征或用途。如:
　　1.They set up an operating table in a small temple.他们将手术台架设在一座小庙里。
　　2.He may be in the reading room,for all I know.他说不定在阅览室里。
　　3.Ladies and gentlemen,please go and wait in the meeting room.女士们先生们,请去会议室等待。
　　2)与被修饰词为主动关系且表示正在进行的动作。如:
　　1.There were about 200 children studying in the art school.有大约二百个孩子在这所艺术学校学习。
　　2.Who is the woman talking to our English teacher?
　　正在和我们英语老师谈话的那位妇女是谁?
　　3)有些-ing形式已经转化成形容词,常做定语用来修饰物,表示“令人……”。常用的此类词有:exciting,amusing,amazing,astonishing,shocking,puzzling,confusing,disappointing,discouraging,pleasing,striking,boring,tiring,touching,moving,interesting,satisfying,terrifying 3,frightening等。如:
　　1.That must have been a terrifying experience.那准时一段可怕的经历。
　　2.The experiment was an amazing success.那项试验是一个惊人的成功。
　　3.There is a page missing 4 from this book.这本书缺了一页。
　　除了-ing形式能做定语外,如果-ing形式与被修饰词是被动关系,就用它的被动式,即being done.being doing通常表示正在被做,常做后置定语。如:
　　1.The tall building being built now is our new school.正在被建的高楼是我们的新学校。
　　2.The question being discussed was presented by the headmaster.正在被讨论的问题是被校长提出的。
　　-ing形式做定语专练
　　1.The lady said she would buy a gift for her daughter with the _____.
　　A.20 dollars remained  B.20 dollars to remain
　　C.remained 20 dollars  D.remaining 20 dollars.
　　2.The wild flowers looked like a soft orange blanket ______ the desert.
　　A.covering   B.covered  C.cover  D.to cover
　　3.I was told that there were about 50 foreign students ____ Chinese in the school,most _____ were from Germany.
　　A.study;of whomB.study;of them
　　C.studying;of them  D.studying;of whom
　　4.The question ______ at present has something important to do with our daily life.
　　A.to be discussing   B.to discuss
　　C.been discussed D.being discussed
　　5.China is a_____country______to the third world.
　　A.developed;belongs   B.developing;belonging
　　C.developing;belongs  D.developed;belonged
　　6.---Who is the man______to the teacher?
　　---A model worker_____our school.
　　A.talks,visits   B.is talking;is visiting
　　C.talking;visiting  D.talking;visited
　　7.How many of us________,say,a meeting that has nothing to do with us will be interested in the discussion 5?
　　A.attend  B.attending  C.to attend  D.have attended
　　8.The flowers_____sweet in the botanic 6 garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature.
　　A.to smell   B.smelling  C.smelt 7  D.to be smelt
　　答案:D A D D B C B B