VOA常速英语2016--希特勒《我的奋斗》出版惹争议

希特勒《我的奋斗》出版惹争议

Annotated 1 reprints of Hitler's semi-autobiographical book Mein Kampf, or My Struggle, are going on sale in Germany and elsewhere this week, after the copyright to the book expired at the end of last year. The new German publication of Hitler's political manifesto 2 for the first time after 70 years has sparked a debate about whether it is right to reprint the anti-Semitic work.

The German state of Bavaria, which held the copyright to Hitler's book from 1945, refused anyone the rights to publish it out of respect for victims of the Nazis 3. But on January 1, the work entered the public domain 4, and several publishers have prepared annotated reprints for sale.

德国巴伐利亚州从1945开始就保存着希特勒这本书的副本，出于对纳粹受害者的尊重，该州拒绝任何人出版该书。但1月1日，这本书进入了公众视野，几个出版公司已经准备出版带注释的版本。

Jewish communities say the book is a stark 5 reminder 6 of the evil it inspired.

犹太社区称这本书是对它所激发罪恶的有力提醒。

"To find Mein Kampf in the windows of bookstores would be...I just can't imagine it. I hope this will be prevented for going against sedition 7 laws," said Charlotte Knobloch of the Center for the Israelite Community of Munich and Upper Bavaria.

慕尼黑和上巴伐利亚犹太人社区中心的夏洛特说，“在书店的橱窗里看到《我的奋斗》这本书，真是难以想象，我希望能阻止他们这么做，这可是犯了煽动罪。”

The book is not banned in Germany and there is little authorities can do.

这本书在德国没有被禁，所以没有哪个当局可以这么做。

"It's not easy to ban this for copyright reasons; however, anything that seems to be a hate crime can be pursued. Criminal offenses 8 related to a hate crime will be very systematically 9 pursued in the future," said Heiko Maas, Germany’s justice minister.

“以版权为由来禁止并不容易，但我们会追究任何构成仇恨罪的活动，未来我们会很系统地追究与仇恨罪有关的刑事罪。”

There also are arguments that the 800-page book should be demystified, and that the best way to do that is to publish a properly annotated edition.

也有人说应该将这本800页的书去神秘化，最好的办法是出版合适的注释版本。

"Mein Kampf can't be read like a bible. It has to be put into context, with sociologists and historians. If we do it like that, it will no longer have a negative influence on the public, compared to what we see today with [the anti-immigrant group] Pegida for instance, who quote Mein Kampf without thinking," said Timo Schnirlein, an engineer.

工程师提姆说：“不应该像读圣经那样读《我的奋斗》，应该由社会学家和历史学家将它放在一定的背景下去看待。如果我们这样做，它就不会再对公众产生负面影响，比如今天反移民组织会不假思索地引用《我的奋斗》中的话。”

Hitler's book is banned in several countries, including Austria and the Netherlands, and it is taboo 10 in Israel, where only abbreviated 11 copies are available for study. Some Israeli scholars, like Dan Micham of the Yad Vashem International Institute for Holocaust 12 Research, believe there is a need for the complete version.

希特勒的书在几个国家被禁，包括奥地利和荷兰，在以色列也是禁忌，只有简略版的供研究使用。像以色列犹太大屠杀纪念馆的学者Dan Micham认为有必要出版完整版。

"Mein Kampf is an important book because Hitler spent a lot of time writing and phrasing it, so it has basic ideas from his thoughts, of which parts were implemented 13 and other parts not; but, even the parts that were not implemented have importance, to understand the background in which he grew,” said Micham.

“《我的奋斗》是一本重要的书，因为希特勒花了大量时间来撰写和修改，所以基本上都是他的理念，一部分理念得以实施，一部分没有，即便是那些没有得到实施的理念对于理解他的成长背景来说也是重要的。”

Many Israelis are ambivalent 14.

很多以色列人对此态度不明。

“It’s complicated. On the one hand I’m not thrilled about the fact that Mein Kampf can be in even wider dissemination 15 around the world, given the hateful content that it contains, but on the other hand, it’s kind of impossible to control speech, and I’m not even sure that we should,” said Ayo Oppenheimer, a Jerusalem resident.

一位耶路撒冷居民说，“这件事很复杂，一方面，考虑到书中的仇恨内容，对于这本书在全世界得到更广泛的传播来说，我并不感到激动。但另一方面，控制言论是不可能的，我甚至不确定我们应该这么做。”

Mein Kampf outlines Hitler's ideology 16 and is considered the basis of his politics of National Socialism. He wrote it in a Bavarian prison while serving a sentence for treason after his failed 1923 putsch in Munich.

《我的奋斗》囊括了希特勒的理念，被视为是他的国家社会主义政策的基础，1923年慕尼黑暴动失败后，他在巴伐利亚监狱因叛国罪服刑期间写了这本书。