VOA慢速英语2009年-Agriculture Report - Do-It-Yourself: Pruni
时间：2019-01-11 作者：英语课 分类：VOA慢速英语2009年（十）月
This is the VOA Special English Agriculture Report.
Pruning 1 makes no sense. You cut off parts of a plant. Yet the plant is supposed to grow back even better than before? This demands an answer.
The explanation begins with the apical bud. This bud is at the end of the actively 2 growing tip of the plant.
Apical buds produce a growth hormone 3 called auxin. The buds release this hormone down the plant stem. When the top of the main shoot is removed -- by pruning or breakage -- the auxin is no long produced.
This causes buds to the side, called lateral 4 buds, to wake up and start growing. The result: better plant development.
Pruning can also remove unhealthy or unneeded parts of a plant, and increase the growth of flowers and fruit.
Generally, the best time to prune 5 is in late winter, before spring growth starts. But gardening experts at the University of Florida extension point out some exceptions.
For example, spring-blooming plants like spireas and azaleas should be pruned 6 after they bloom. Then pinch the new shoots between your thumb and forefinger 7. That will help them develop branches that produce new blooms.
Plant expert Doug Welsh says when you prune a rosebush, crape myrtle or shade tree, first remove dead, broken or diseased parts. Cut at the place where the problem begins. "Deadhead," or take off, dead blooms.
Remove any branches that touch another branch; leave the stronger one or the one that is in a better position. Remove any branches growing in the same space as the branches next to them. Also prune branches growing toward the ground, high branches growing straight up and shoots growing from the base of the tree.
But Doug Welsh, a professor at Texas A&M University, says not to go too far with pruning. He says a lot of it can be avoided just by choosing the right plant for the right space. "People can ruin what nature has created," he says.
Melissa Snyder, a master gardener in Manatee 8 County, Florida, says pruning wounds a plant. People do not need to put anything on the wound, she says. But they do need to be careful not to wound themselves with chainsaws or other pruning tools.
Also, tools can spread disease from one plant to another. So be sure to disinfect tools with alcohol or bleach 9 after each plant.
And that's the VOA Special English Agriculture Report, written by Jerilyn Watson. Next week, learn about new scientific understanding of how pruning works. And for more gardening advice, go to voaspecialenglish.com. I'm Steve Ember.
- In writing an essay one must do a lot of pruning. 写文章要下一番剪裁的工夫。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
- A sapling needs pruning, a child discipline. 小树要砍，小孩要管。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
- During this period all the students were actively participating.在这节课中所有的学生都积极参加。
- We are actively intervening to settle a quarrel.我们正在积极调解争执。
- Hormone implants are used as growth boosters.激素植入物被用作生长辅助剂。
- This hormone interacts closely with other hormones in the body.这种荷尔蒙与体內其他荷尔蒙紧密地相互作用。
- An airfoil that controls lateral motion.能够控制横向飞行的机翼。
- Mr.Dawson walked into the court from a lateral door.道森先生从一个侧面的门走进法庭。
- Will you prune away the unnecessary adjectives in the passage?把这段文字中不必要的形容词删去好吗？
- It is our job to prune the side branches of these trees.我们的工作就是修剪这些树的侧枝。
- Next year's budget will have to be drastically pruned. 下一年度的预算将大幅度削减。 来自《简明英汉词典》
- The roses had been pruned back savagely. 玫瑰被狠狠地修剪了一番。 来自《简明英汉词典》
- He pinched the leaf between his thumb and forefinger.他将叶子捏在拇指和食指之间。
- He held it between the tips of his thumb and forefinger.他用他大拇指和食指尖拿着它。
- We watched dolphin,manatee,sea lion and whale shows.我们看了海豚、海牛、海狮和鲸的表演。
- One of the most extraordinary river creatures is Amazonian manatee.其中河里最特别的生物之一要数亚马孙海牛。