时间:2019-01-11 作者:英语课 分类:VOA慢速英语2009年(十)月


英语课

This is the VOA Special English Health Report.


Three scientists based in the United States have won the two thousand nine Nobel Prize for Physiology 1 or Medicine. They are being honored for their work in the nineteen eighties about the health of cells and the aging process.
 
Elizabeth Blackburn, left, and Carol Greider after receiving a science prize in Frankfurt, Germany, earlier this year


The winners are Elizabeth Blackburn from the University of California, San Francisco; Jack 2 Szostak from Harvard Medical School in Massachusetts and Carol Greider from Johns Hopkins University in Maryland. They will share the one million four hundred thousand dollar prize.


The scientists' work begins with telomeres. These are like protective coverings on the ends of chromosomes 4. Elizabeth Blackburn compares them to the plastic tips on the ends of shoelaces. She says without telomeres the chromosome 3 and the genes 5 it holds would come apart.


Telomeres are necessary for a cell to divide. They also are involved in directing the number of divisions.
 
Jack Szostak


Mizz Blackburn and Mister Szostak discovered the special system of genetic 6 information in the telomeres that protects the chromosomes from ruin. Later, Mizz Blackburn and Mizz Greider discovered the substance in the body that builds telomeres. The scientists named the enzyme 7 telomerase.


Their research showed that cells age if telomeres are shortened. But, cell death is delayed if a lot of the enzyme telomerase is produced.


Rune Toftgard is a Nobel Committee member from Sweden's Karolinska Institute. He says the work of telomeres is important to the understanding of how genetic material is copied and saved.


RUNE TOFTGARD: "All genes are encoded by DNA 8 and the DNA is present in the chromosomes in the cell nucleus 9 and telomeres, they are the ends of the chromosomes and they have an important function to protect the chromosomes and maintain the integrity of the chromosomes."


The telomere research expanded scientific knowledge about diseases and led to possible new treatments. For example, some research suggests that cancer cells use telomerase to grow uncontrollably. Some scientists are studying whether drugs that block the enzyme can help fight cancer.


And that's the VOA Special English Health Report, written by Caty Weaver 10. For more health news, go to voaspecialenglish.com. You can also follow us on Twitter and YouTube at VOA Learning English. I'm Mario Ritter.



n.生理学,生理机能
  • He bought a book about physiology.他买了一本生理学方面的书。
  • He was awarded the Nobel Prize for achievements in physiology.他因生理学方面的建树而被授予诺贝尔奖。
n.插座,千斤顶,男人;v.抬起,提醒,扛举;n.(Jake)杰克
  • I am looking for the headphone jack.我正在找寻头戴式耳机插孔。
  • He lifted the car with a jack to change the flat tyre.他用千斤顶把车顶起来换下瘪轮胎。
n.染色体
  • Chromosome material with exhibits of such behaviour is called heterochromatin.表现这种现象的染色体物质叫做异染色质。
  • A segment of the chromosome may become lost,resulting in a deletion.染色体的一个片段可能会丢失,结果产生染色体的缺失。
n.染色体( chromosome的名词复数 )
  • Chromosomes also determine the sex of animals. 染色体也决定动物的性别。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • Each of four chromosomes divide longitudinally. 四种染色体的每一种都沿着纵向分裂。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
n.基因( gene的名词复数 )
  • You have good genes from your parents, so you should live a long time. 你从父母那儿获得优良的基因,所以能够活得很长。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • Differences will help to reveal the functions of the genes. 它们间的差异将会帮助我们揭开基因多种功能。 来自英汉非文学 - 生命科学 - 生物技术的世纪
adj.遗传的,遗传学的
  • It's very difficult to treat genetic diseases.遗传性疾病治疗起来很困难。
  • Each daughter cell can receive a full complement of the genetic information.每个子细胞可以收到遗传信息的一个完全补偿物。
n.酵素,酶
  • Above a certain temperature,the enzyme molecule will become unfolded.超过一定温度,酶分子将会展开。
  • An enzyme that dissolves the fibrin of blood clots.能溶解血凝块中的纤维的酶。
(缩)deoxyribonucleic acid 脱氧核糖核酸
  • DNA is stored in the nucleus of a cell.脱氧核糖核酸储存于细胞的细胞核里。
  • Gene mutations are alterations in the DNA code.基因突变是指DNA密码的改变。
n.核,核心,原子核
  • These young people formed the nucleus of the club.这些年轻人成了俱乐部的核心。
  • These councils would form the nucleus of a future regime.这些委员会将成为一个未来政权的核心。
n.织布工;编织者
  • She was a fast weaver and the cloth was very good.她织布织得很快,而且布的质量很好。
  • The eager weaver did not notice my confusion.热心的纺织工人没有注意到我的狼狈相。
学英语单词
.ttf files
abreauvoir
affix a seal
arborine
autopilot engage and trim indicator
bad copy
battery terminal
block macromolecule
body hoop
bottom gradient electrode system
bulb nose
c-legs
calcaneocuboid articulation
carrier solvent
chinny reckon
Co-ferol
Cohengua, R.
control register instruction
core maximum heat flux (density)
Cortadren
cotton trousers
coupled valve
cursarary
differential earnings from land
diluent modifier
double out
drop-in commercial
ecological climatology
El Orégano
expense not allocated
fermented tea
fertility of soil
frustillatim
fuel refuse-derived
graviditas tuboabdominalis
heading (hdg)
heating systems
hierarchy model
His bark is worse than his bite.
hoglike
hold-over
I/O mode
Ilheus encephalitis
indian chocolates
invoicings
Johnson, Jack
Karvezide
keep one's eye on
khairulins
kick starter spring
krasorskii's method
Kronig's method
lane cake
leptospira tarassovi
lifeline pistol
literary youth
lulita
mean deviations
mediamax
microwave power module
nested sink
noninterchangeable
NSOC
Nupasal
oleostrut
on line service provider
order of reactor
patio doors
perecs
polyphase converter
pound the pavement
proceeding with
program clarity
proper energy
rate of strain tensor
reducing acid radical
regional unconformity
remote operated
rheostatic type automatic power factor regulator
Rosenmmuller's gland
Rzhevsky
sanitary napkin
sea damage for seller's account
self-balancing type
sepr.
servo
set a clock
simple proposition
slicklines
snip-snap
social density
sphero-cylindrical lenticular
St Anthony
staphyloma
telecommunication networks
territorial division of labor
Themistian
turn volume
water trumpet
Wedge Mountain
zizanin
Zyryanskoye