VOA双语新闻：13、普京对反对派运动态度逐渐软化？
时间：2018-12-02 作者：英语课 分类：VOA双语新闻 2011年12月
Russian Prime Minister Vladimir Putin switches campaign managers in the middle of an election campaign. Is his position as solid as he would like the world to think?
The prime minister was talking tough, telling a nationwide TV audience that the parliamentary elections are over, and it’s time to move on.
普京总理曾措辞强硬地对全国电视观众说，议会选举已经结束，是前进的时候了。
But the tough talk came days after his government announced political reforms in hopes of taking the momentum 1 out of a planned opposition 2 rally. The move seemed to have had little impact. The rally, which took place in Moscow Saturday, drew an estimated 100,000 protesters.
但在普京发表这番措辞强硬的言论几天前，他的政府才宣布进行政治改革，以期削弱反对派计划中的集会的力量。政府这项举动似乎没起什么作用。星期六在莫斯科举行的集会，估计吸引了10万名抗议者。
“The psychological compensation he needs when being forced to make some moves and being afraid that these moves in a positive direction being perceived as his weakness,” said Nikolai Petrov, political analyst 3 for the Carnegie Moscow Center, about the tough talk.
卡内基莫斯科中心的政治分析家佩特罗夫解释了普京姿态强硬的动机。佩特罗夫说：“当他被迫作出一些回应，并害怕这些正面回应被当成他的弱点时，措辞强硬成了他的一种心理补偿。”
A clear sign of problems came Tuesday when Putin decided 4 to switch campaign managers - less than 10 weeks before the presidential election.
问题在星期二浮现。普京星期二决定更换竞选团队，距离总统大选剩下不到10周的时间。
Vladislav Surkov, the sidelined political advisor 5, helped Putin come to power in 2000. A former advertising 6 man, he worked for a decade in the Kremlin. He created the now ruling United Russia party. He created Nashi, the Putin youth group. And he brought television channels under tight political controls.
苏尔科夫是名局外的政治顾问，曾协助普京在2000年胜选执政。他从前在广告业工作，他为克里姆林宫工作了10年。他一手打造了现在的执政党统一俄罗斯党，以及亲普京的“纳什”青年组织。他还将电视媒体置于严密的政治控制之下。
“This replacement 7 weakens the Kremlin in that Surkov is the founding father of the big political machine which will not work effectively without him,” said Petrov, who worked in the Kremlin before Surkov arrived.
佩特罗夫在苏尔科夫进入克里姆林宫前曾在克里姆林宫工作。佩特罗夫说：“这项人事更换会削弱克里姆林宫，因为苏尔科夫是庞大政治机器的建立者，没有他机器就无法有效运转。”
The new political advisor, Vyacheslav Volodin, was a founder 8 of the Russia Popular Front, a support group of trade unions and professional groups.
新任政治顾问沃洛金是全俄人民阵线的创立者。这个团体是贸易工会和专业团体的支援团体。
This heavily blue collar group may become a key pillar of support for Putin as Russia’s urban middle class tire of him. At a televised meeting of the Front on Tuesday, Putin, nodded sympathetically as a retired 9 metal worker spoke 10 of his outrage 11 at the anti-government postings on Russia’s free-wheeling Internet.
这个蓝领色彩鲜明的团体可能成为支持普京的关键力量，因为俄罗斯城市的中产阶级厌倦了普京。
Legitimacy 12
Putin seeks to win the March 4 presidential elections on the first round, with over 50 percent of the vote.
普京希望在3月4日总统大选的第一轮投票就获得超过50%得票率而胜选。
Talking to Front members, he called for transparent 13 election, using clear plastic ballot 14 boxes. He stressed his desire that election be perceived - in Russia and overseas - as legitimate 15.
他在和全俄人民阵线成员讲话时呼吁进行一个透明的选举，使用干净的塑料投票箱。他强调，他希望俄罗斯国内外都认为选举是合法的。
He said he can be elected president without ballot stuffing.
普京说，他不需要靠灌票就能选上总统。
On Wednesday, a Wall Street Journal computerized study of returns from Russia’s nearly 100,000 polling stations concluded that about 40 percent of votes cast for the ruling party were in some way associated with ballot stuffing and other fraudulent practices.
华尔街日报》星期三用电脑研究俄罗斯将近10万投票站的投票结果，发现40%投给执政党的票在某些方面和灌票及其他舞弊行为有关联。
Putin warned his supporters that they should not tolerate any “independent actions” at polling stations.
普京警告他的支持者，他们不应该容忍在投票站发生的任何“自发性行动”。
Measures against corruption 17
The opposition has vowed 18 to send dozens of poll watchers to stations where they suspect there was fraud in the Dec. 4 parliamentary elections.
反对派誓言要派遣几十名选举观察员到那些他们怀疑在12月4日议会选举出现舞弊情况的投票站。
Indeed, the new drive for free and fair elections shows no sign of going away.
事实上，新一波要求举行自由公正选举的民意并没有消退的迹象。
In a survey conducted by the All-Russian Public Opinion Center, 89 percent of those polled said they plan to join more rallies after Russia’s mid-winter break, which starts Friday.
全俄罗斯民意调查中心一项调查显示，89%受访者说，他们计划在俄罗斯这星期五开始的寒假结束后加入更多场集会。
This week in Moscow, protesters rallied outside a court where one protest leader, Sergei Udaltsov, was being tried. Dozens got in shoving matches with police inside a courthouse. Hundreds more rallied outside. They chanted “Shame on the corrupt 16 court,” and that the judge was “A servant of Satan.”
这星期在莫斯科，在一名抗议领袖乌达特索夫受审时抗议者聚集在法院外。几十人进到法院和警察发生推挤。还有其他数百人在法院外。他们高呼“以腐败法院为耻”，法官是“撒旦的仆人”。
More, small unsanctioned demonstrations 19 planned for this week in Moscow.
另外，这星期在莫斯科还有更多未获批准的小型示威要举行。
Last Friday, Alexei Kudrin, a former finance minister and close friend of Putin, met with Putin and discussed the opposition movement. The next day, Kudrin spoke at the mass, opposition rally. He warned that, without dialogue, there could be revolution.
- We exploit the energy and momentum conservation laws in this way.我们就是这样利用能量和动量守恒定律的。
- The law of momentum conservation could supplant Newton's third law.动量守恒定律可以取代牛顿第三定律。
- The party leader is facing opposition in his own backyard.该党领袖在自己的党內遇到了反对。
- The police tried to break down the prisoner's opposition.警察设法制住了那个囚犯的反抗。
- What can you contribute to the position of a market analyst?你有什么技能可有助于市场分析员的职务？
- The analyst is required to interpolate values between standards.分析人员需要在这些标准中插入一些值。
- This gave them a decided advantage over their opponents.这使他们比对手具有明显的优势。
- There is a decided difference between British and Chinese way of greeting.英国人和中国人打招呼的方式有很明显的区别。
- They employed me as an advisor.他们聘请我当顾问。
- The professor is engaged as a technical advisor.这位教授被聘请为技术顾问。
- Can you give me any advice on getting into advertising? 你能指点我如何涉足广告业吗?
- The advertising campaign is aimed primarily at young people. 这个广告宣传运动主要是针对年轻人的。
- We are hard put to find a replacement for our assistant.我们很难找到一个人来代替我们的助手。
- They put all the students through the replacement examination.他们让所有的学生参加分班考试。
- He was extolled as the founder of their Florentine school.他被称颂为佛罗伦萨画派的鼻祖。
- According to the old tradition,Romulus was the founder of Rome.按照古老的传说，罗穆卢斯是古罗马的建国者。
- The old man retired to the country for rest.这位老人下乡休息去了。
- Many retired people take up gardening as a hobby.许多退休的人都以从事园艺为嗜好。
- They sourced the spoke nuts from our company.他们的轮辐螺帽是从我们公司获得的。
- The spokes of a wheel are the bars that connect the outer ring to the centre.辐条是轮子上连接外圈与中心的条棒。
- When he heard the news he reacted with a sense of outrage.他得悉此事时义愤填膺。
- We should never forget the outrage committed by the Japanese invaders.我们永远都不应该忘记日本侵略者犯下的暴行。
- The newspaper was directly challenging the government's legitimacy.报纸直接质疑政府的合法性。
- Managing from the top down,we operate with full legitimacy.我们进行由上而下的管理有充分的合法性。
- The water is so transparent that we can see the fishes swimming.水清澈透明，可以看到鱼儿游来游去。
- The window glass is transparent.窗玻璃是透明的。
- The members have demanded a ballot.会员们要求投票表决。
- The union said they will ballot members on whether to strike.工会称他们将要求会员投票表决是否罢工。
- Sickness is a legitimate reason for asking for leave.生病是请假的一个正当的理由。
- That's a perfectly legitimate fear.怀有这种恐惧完全在情理之中。
- The newspaper alleged the mayor's corrupt practices.那家报纸断言市长有舞弊行为。
- This judge is corrupt.这个法官贪污。
- The people asked the government to hit out against corruption and theft.人民要求政府严惩贪污盗窃。
- The old man reviled against corruption.那老人痛斥了贪污舞弊。
- He vowed quite solemnly that he would carry out his promise. 他非常庄严地发誓要实现他的诺言。
- I vowed to do more of the cooking myself. 我发誓自己要多动手做饭。
- Lectures will be interspersed with practical demonstrations. 讲课中将不时插入实际示范。
- The new military government has banned strikes and demonstrations. 新的军人政府禁止罢工和示威活动。