时间:2018-12-18 作者:英语课 分类:VOA双语新闻(Bilingual News)2011


英语课

 高中生如何学英语语法


我国的英语学习者大多是十多岁的青少年,或者理解力较强,或者模仿力较强,在没有英语环境的情况下,学习语法,了解所学语言的规则,可以缩短学习过程,掌握英语的规律,尽快提高听、说、读、写、译的能力。


  那么,怎样学习语法呢?下面拟从四个方面简要谈一谈:
  (1)练好基本句型
  我国近年来的英语教学实践证明:在初学阶段,采用听说领先、学习基本句型的方法去学习英语语法,是行之有效的。
  句型学习是通过听说领先的方法去学习传统语法里最常用的语法项目(把它们变为句型去操练)。句型训练实际上吸取了传统语法与结构语法两派的长处。目前国内的英语广播(电视)教学,在入门阶段,多采用句型教学法。因此学生们或者收听广播(收看电视)进行学习,或者根据所选用的课本提供的句型用替换词进行替换练习。所学的句型应该是由浅入深,由简到繁;讲求熟练掌握,不要贪多冒进。每学一个项目,首先要把单项练习练熟,然后过渡到综合练习,最后则应做到扩大运用。
  以定语从句这一项为例,首先要反复进行替换练习。把“I read a novel yesterday.”和“It was extremely Interesting.”这两个单句改为“The novel I read yesterday was extremely interesting.”这就是定语从句的单项练习。再如把“I saw a man this morning.”和“The man is my teacher.”改为“The man I saw this morning is my teacher.”;把“I saw a film last night.”和“The film was very amusing 1.”改为“The film I saw last night was very amusing.”这种练习虽然是枯燥的,却是重要的基本功,把定语从句练到脱口而出的地步。这是第一步。
  第二步是把定语从句放在一定的语言情景中去综合运用,进行一问一答。如:
  A:Did you enjoy the opera?
  B:Which opera?
  A:The one we saw last night,of course.
  B:Yes,very much.
  第三步是扩大运用,也就是把定语从句和以前学过的两三个项目放在一起去操练。
  A:Do you know who Edgar Snow was?(一般疑问句;宾语从句)
  B:Yes,he was an American writer who interviewed Chairman Mao in Beijing.(定语从句)
  A:Oh,now I remember.He was the author who wrote“Red Star Over China”,wasn't he?(定语从句;反意疑问句)
  B:Exactly.
  这种回答不但练了定语从句,而且复习了一般疑问句和反意疑问句,也给名词从句的学习打了“埋伏”。进行句型操练,既需要“滚雪球”(复习已学的项目),也需要“打埋伏”(预先练一下将来要学习的项目)。
  在句型学习阶段必须注意:在听、说领先的前提下,写、读要跟上,力求听、说、写、读四会均衡发展。因此,时间上要做出合理的安排。早上通常可安排为朗读时间。如果能每日坚持下去,收效一定很大。
  (2)结合课文去学
  吕叔湘先生说过:“与其多读语法书,不如多读文章。”又说:“词语要嵌在上下文里才有生命,才容易记住,才知道用法。”(引自《中国人学英语》)课文是学习英语的“重要基地”。课文里有语音、词汇项目,也有各类语法项目。它们有机地结合在课文里。课文中出现的语法项目,是有血有肉的,不是干巴巴的。通过课文去学语法,可以学得活,记得牢,这比孤零零地背诵语法条目要有效得多。因此,在句型学习结束后,宜结合课文去学语法,要围绕课文中出现的主要语法项目,循序渐进地学习比较系统的语法知识。

1 amusing
adj.有有趣的,好玩的
  • The girl was amusing herself with a doll.那女孩在玩洋娃娃自娱。
  • He related some amusing stories in his childhood to his children.他向孩子们述说了他少年时代的一些趣事。
标签: 语法
学英语单词
accumulatively
acrylic lacquer
AFDW
aleuron(e) layer
antimonic sulfide
Archostemata
ase noise enhancement
awestrickens
B.I.T.
back cross rail
be paid to
betula cordifolias
bilberry seed oil
Brixworth
broad pinion
bromosulphonazo
Calcispongiae
casing alignment tool
categorical propositions
chapter-house
climatic amplitude
coastal plain estuary
coin-value tone
compulsivenesses
Corace, Fiume
dakan
drawer in
electro-neutrality
encaustes
exclusive rights in a patent
factor of rigidity
far points
garboards
garson
Georgium Sidus
give a rat's arse
guardage
hierarchy of sets
Hirathiol
imperial examination
intrasiphonata
isoflex
jiggermasts
Kilchenzie
laser recording head
laudable pus
lead - acid battery
levelised
line circuit
live stress
main plate enlargement ring
maintenance requirement
man machine rapport
metabolus formosanus
metallic mineralization
misses
mod or modulus
molair
mollisacacidin
motorized non-return valve
multibinomical distribution
neutron density disadvantage factors
news in brief
normal install
object level structure
overthrusts
pee pee
phobus
piston crown ablation
Pohjanlahti(Bottniska Viken)
pointed wedge
pre emergence sprayer
proisocalamendiol
r.s.c
ratio of revolution difference
reitlinger
Rodos(Rodhos)
rummages
salpingoscopy
self-leveling engineers level
sgsasss-s
singular cohomology(group)
skill intensive industry
spermatolysin
Standard Western Automatic computer B
storageorgan
strip width meter
tenia of fourth ventricle
the cat's pyjamas
those were the days
tube transformer
unavoidable cause
undercoat fibre
unlooked for
unmanned bomber
unsobering
vertical pass
Wankel-type compressor
water-repellent
water-sealed tank
Y signal
yanbusuo