Teaching and Learning 主谓一致

二、主谓一致

历届高考例题

1）On the wall ______ two large portraits 1.

A. hangs B. hang C. hanged D. hanging

2）Few airports in the world is as modern as that of Atlanta.
    A                          B                C     D

3）Not every student in all the classes know the importance of
                                A          B
mastering the English language.
    C      D

4）The reason why they can produce more tennis balls are that
               A                                       B     C
they have gained more experience.
                          D

5）“News of victories 2 ____ pouring in as our army advances,” the company commander said.

A. keep B. keeps C. kept D. have kept

6）There ________ a lot of milk in the bottle.

A. are B. is C. were D. has

7）Although many of the houses in the small town are still in need
                                                     A
of repair there have been much improvement 3 in their appearance 4.
    B                 C                           D

8）Zhang's family _____ rather big, with twelve people in all.

A. is B. are C. being D. was

分析

1）可数名词作句子主语时，其谓语动词要视主语的单复数而定，例句1的主语与谓语倒装，为复数形式，故正确答案应为B；例句2的主语为few airports, 为复数，所以应选B，改为are；例句3的主语为every student, 为单数，故应选B，改为knows；例句4的主语为The reason, 虽然它有其定语从句修饰，但影响其谓语动词与主语保持数的一致的原则，故选B。改为is。但是当名词词组虽然形式上是复数，但表示一段时间，一段距离，一笔钱等整体概念时，谓语动词用单数，如

    Ten days is not enough for me to finish this job. 十天对我来说，要完成这项工作是不够的。

    Three miles is a long walk. 三英里是一段很长的步行路程。

2）例句5,6,7中的主语分别为news, milk

    improvement,均为不可数名词，故其谓语动词也应该为单数形式正确答案为B、B、C其中例句7的C应该改为has been。

3）例句8中的主语为family，在本句中family 作一整体，即“家庭”谓语动词为单数 is,若family强调家庭成员，其谓语动词则应为复数形式，如：

    Zhang's family are all enjoying TV张家全家正在看电视。

但是people, police, cattle 5 等作主语时，其谓语动词总用复数；如：

    The police are looking into the case. 警察正在调查此案。

历届高考例题：

9）Nobody but Jane _____ the secret.

A. know B. knows C. have known 6 D. is known

10）All but one _____ here just now.

A. is B. was C. has been D. were

11）A library with five thousand books _____ to the nation as a gift.

A. is offered B. has offered C. are offered D. have offered

12）Mary said that she as well as some of her friends were going
           A                           B                     C
to move to California 7.
         D

分析

    以上四句主谓一致的考点为主语后接介词短语与主语后接as well as 引导的词组时的让谓一致关系。

1）当主语后接but, with，together with, along with, except等时，谓语动词仍与主语保持数的一致，不受介词与其后的词组的影响，所以同9,10,11的正确答案分别为B、D、A

2）若主语后接as well as, 或rather than 或more than等引导的词组时，谓语动词也与主语的数保持一致，所以句12应选c，改为was going move.

历届高考例题

13）Not only I but also Jane and Mary ＿＿＿＿＿ tired of having one examination 8 after another.

A. is B. are C. am D. be

16）Neither my sister nor I are expected to act in the play.
                       A      B     C              D

分析

    以上两句的考点为由not only…but also, neither…nor…连接的并列主语的主谓一致关系。

    并列主语的谓语动词，一般采用“就近原则”谓语动词的数与最近的主语的数保持一致，这样的并列连词还有either…or…,or,及there be 句型均按此原则，故句13,14的正确答案分别为B、B其中14的B应改为am。

历届高考例题：

15）What I shall miss most badly are those happy hours we spent together.
      A                     B       C                          D

分析：复数情况下，主语为从句时，句子的谓语动词为单数形式，故应C，改为is。