TED演讲：拥有大脑的真正原因(11)
时间：2018-12-02 作者：英语课 分类：TED演讲教育篇
英语课
But we've got a problem. Tasks are symbolic 1 -- I want to drink, I want to dance -- but the movement system has to contract 600 muscles in a particular sequence. 但在这里出现问题了。动作任务是符号性质的--我要喝水，我要跳舞--但是运动系统需要按特定顺序收缩600块肌肉。
And there's a big gap between the task and the movement system. 况且有一个巨大的鸿沟横在动作任务和运动系统之间。
So it could be bridged in infinitely 2 many different ways. 意思是我们有无穷多种方式越过这个鸿沟。
So think about just a point to point movement. 来考虑仅仅是点到点的移动。
I could choose these two paths out of an infinite number of paths. 我可以在无穷条可能的路径中选出这两条。
Having chosen a particular path, I can hold my hand on that path as infinitely many different joint 3 configurations 5. 选定一条特定路径之后，我可以把手放在这条路径上，但是又有无穷多种关节构型。
And I can hold my arm in a particular joint configuration 4 either very stiff or very relaxed. 另外我把的胳膊固定在某一种构型之后，我可以紧张，也可以松弛。
So I have a huge amount of choice to make. 所以我有非常多的选择余地。
Now it turns out, we are extremely stereotypical 6. We all move the same way pretty much. 不过结果是，我们都特别典型。都基本上用同一种方式移动。
And so it turns out we're so stereotypical, our brains have got dedicated 7 neural 8 circuitry to decode 9 this stereotyping 10. 我们典型到我们的大脑已经开辟出特定的神经回路，来解码这类典型。
So if I take some dots and set them in motion with biological motion, your brain's circuitry would understand instantly what's going on. 因此如果我拿一些点，然后让它们按生物动作形式来运动，大家的大脑回路会立即知道怎么回事。
Now this is a bunch of dots moving. 好了，这仅仅是一堆点在动。
You will know what this person is doing, whether happy, sad, old, young -- a huge amount of information. 我们就知道这个人在做什么，是喜还是悲，是老还是少--很大量的信息。
If these dots were cars going on a racing 11 circuit, you would have absolutely no idea what's going on. 如果这些点是赛车在赛道上绕圈，我们对发生了什么就完全没有概念了。
1 symbolic
adj.象征性的，符号的，象征主义的
- It is symbolic of the fighting spirit of modern womanhood.它象征着现代妇女的战斗精神。
- The Christian ceremony of baptism is a symbolic act.基督教的洗礼仪式是一种象征性的做法。
2 infinitely
adv.无限地，无穷地
- There is an infinitely bright future ahead of us.我们有无限光明的前途。
- The universe is infinitely large.宇宙是无限大的。
3 joint
adj.联合的，共同的；n.关节，接合处；v.连接，贴合
- I had a bad fall,which put my shoulder out of joint.我重重地摔了一跤，肩膀脫臼了。
- We wrote a letter in joint names.我们联名写了封信。
4 configuration
n.结构，布局，形态，(计算机)配置
- Geographers study the configuration of the mountains.地理学家研究山脉的地形轮廓。
- Prices range from $119 to $199,depending on the particular configuration.价格因具体配置而异，从119美元至199美元不等。
5 configurations
n.[化学]结构( configuration的名词复数 )；构造；（计算机的）配置；构形（原子在分子中的相对空间位置）
- Such configurations, obtained theoretically by calculation, are called models of a star. 通过理论计算得到的恒星结构称为恒星模型。 来自辞典例句
- The other two configurations have overriding advantages for special applications. 其它两种接法对特殊应用具有突出的优点。 来自辞典例句
6 stereotypical
n.常规
- Personas should be typical and believable, but not stereotypical. 人物角色应该是典型和可信赖的，但不是一成不变的。 来自About Face 3交互设计精髓
- Anything could be stereotypical, so I guess it could be criticism. 任何东西都可以变的老套，所以我猜那就是一种批评。 来自互联网
7 dedicated
adj.一心一意的；献身的；热诚的
- He dedicated his life to the cause of education.他献身于教育事业。
- His whole energies are dedicated to improve the design.他的全部精力都放在改进这项设计上了。
8 neural
adj.神经的，神经系统的
- The neural network can preferably solve the non- linear problem.利用神经网络建模可以较好地解决非线性问题。
- The information transmission in neural system depends on neurotransmitters.信息传递的神经途径有赖于神经递质。
9 decode
vt.译（码），解（码）
- All he had to do was decode it and pass it over.他需要做的就是将它破译然后转给他人。
- The secret documents were intercepted and decoded.机密文件遭截获并被破译。
10 stereotyping
v.把…模式化，使成陈规( stereotype的现在分词 )
- I realize that I'm stereotyping. 我认识到我搞的是老一套。 来自辞典例句
- There is none of the gender stereotyping usually evident in school uniforms. 有没有人的性别刻板印象通常是显而易见的。 来自互联网
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