时间:2018-12-02 作者:英语课 分类:TED演讲教育篇


英语课

   Now I have to admit, these are the worst studies my lab has ever run.  现在我要承认,这个是我实验室里进行过的最糟糕的实验。


  Because the tickle 1 sensation on the palm comes and goes, you need large numbers of subjects with these stars making them significant.  因为痒痒的感觉就像昙花一现,所以需要大量的试验者,还只能靠星级来给痒痒的程度打分。
  So we were looking for a much more objective way to assess this phenomena 2.  所以我们需要一个更客观的办法来评估这个现象。
  And in the intervening years I had two daughters.  其间几年中,我有了两个女儿。
  And one thing you notice about children in backseats of cars on long journeys,  于是关于长途旅行里小孩子坐在后座上,你注意到一件事,
  they get into fights -- which started with one of them doing something to the other, the other retaliating 3.  那就是他们会互相掐架--开始于其中一个对另一个动了什么手脚,另一个就要还手。
  It quickly escalates 5. And children tend to get into fights which escalate 4 in terms of force.  然后冲突很快就会升级。而小孩子们之间的冲突升级一般都体现在用力大小上。
  Now when I screamed at my children to stop, sometimes they would both say to me the other person hit them harder. 于是我嚷嚷着叫我的孩子们住手的时候,有的时候她们俩都会告诉我,对方下手比自己更重。
  Now I happen to know my children don't lie, so I thought, as a neuroscientist,  我恰好知道我的孩子们不会说假话,所以作为一个神经学家,
  and it was important how I could explain how they were telling inconsistent truths.  我想我如何解释两人自相矛盾的真话应该是很重要的吧。
  And we hypothesize based on the tickling 6 study that when one child hits another, they generate the movement command.  于是我们根据挠痒痒的实验做出了假设,就是当一个孩子打另一个的时候,会生成动作命令。
  They predict the sensory 7 consequences and subtract it off.  他们预测出了感知到的结果,然后减掉了。
  So they actually think they've hit the person less hard than they have -- rather like the tickling.  实际上他们以为他们下手比真正要轻,和挠痒的道理类似。
  Whereas the passive recipient 8 doesn't make the prediction, feels the full blow.  然而那个被打的孩子没有做预测,感觉到了全部的打击。
  So if they retaliate 9 with the same force, the first person will think it's been escalated 10. 所以他们用同样这个打击的力气还手的话,第一个人会觉得力气变大,冲突升级了。

1 tickle
v.搔痒,胳肢;使高兴;发痒;n.搔痒,发痒
  • Wilson was feeling restless. There was a tickle in his throat.威尔逊只觉得心神不定。嗓子眼里有些发痒。
  • I am tickle pink at the news.听到这消息我高兴得要命。
2 phenomena
n.现象
  • Ade couldn't relate the phenomena with any theory he knew.艾德无法用他所知道的任何理论来解释这种现象。
  • The object of these experiments was to find the connection,if any,between the two phenomena.这些实验的目的就是探索这两种现象之间的联系,如果存在着任何联系的话。
3 retaliating
v.报复,反击( retaliate的现在分词 )
  • The administration will begin retaliating in six weeks if EC policies remain unchanged. 凯特先生说,如果欧共体一意孤行,美国政府将于六周后开始报复。 来自互联网
4 escalate
v.(使)逐步增长(或发展),(使)逐步升级
  • It would tempt Israel's neighbors to escalate their demands.它将诱使以色列的邻国不断把他们的要求升级。
  • Defeat could cause one side or other to escalate the conflict.失败可能会导致其中一方将冲突升级。
5 escalates
v.(使)逐步升级( escalate的第三人称单数 );(使)逐步扩大;(使)更高;(使)更大
  • As the challenge escalates, the need for teamwork elevates. 面临的挑战越大,越需要团队协同合作。 来自互联网
  • I cannot understand why a minor disagreement escalates into a fist-fight. 我真不明白为什么一点意见不合就变成了拳头相见。 来自互联网
6 tickling
反馈,回授,自旋挠痒法
  • Was It'spring tickling her senses? 是不是春意撩人呢?
  • Its origin is in tickling and rough-and-tumble play, he says. 他说,笑的起源来自于挠痒痒以及杂乱无章的游戏。
7 sensory
adj.知觉的,感觉的,知觉器官的
  • Human powers of sensory discrimination are limited.人类感官分辨能力有限。
  • The sensory system may undergo long-term adaptation in alien environments.感觉系统对陌生的环境可能经过长时期才能适应。
8 recipient
a.接受的,感受性强的 n.接受者,感受者,容器
  • Please check that you have a valid email certificate for each recipient. 请检查是否对每个接收者都有有效的电子邮件证书。
  • Colombia is the biggest U . S aid recipient in Latin America. 哥伦比亚是美国在拉丁美洲最大的援助对象。
9 retaliate
v.报复,反击
  • He sought every opportunity to retaliate against his enemy.他找机会向他的敌人反击。
  • It is strictly forbidden to retaliate against the quality inspectors.严禁对质量检验人员进行打击报复。
10 escalated
v.(使)逐步升级( escalate的过去式和过去分词 );(使)逐步扩大;(使)更高;(使)更大
  • The fighting escalated into a full-scale war. 这场交战逐步扩大为全面战争。
  • The demonstration escalated into a pitched battle with the police. 示威逐步升级,演变成了一场同警察的混战。
标签: TED演讲
学英语单词
-hemia
a basket
apophylactic phase
Arts and Crafts Movement
auricular gangrene
banker's draught
Beeroth of the children of Jaakan
beish
Bereznik
bubble proof
cabtire cord
centerboards
chorales
classicals
closes out
cochloitis
comparative income statement
contractibleness
cottonmouth moccasins
crebs
cubicula
cut the grass under someone's feet
Denmark Str.
disdainingly
due west
earth pressure
eccentric error
echo flutter
employee withholding payable
family dactylopteridaes
five-layer
Foucault rotating-mirror method
gas-phase chemiluminescence
grazing facilitation
hangtime
heat of mixture
horsewhips
hypertonia hypertropy
I spy
ILS terrian clearence
inharmonious fold
integrity vs. despair
interest upon loans
intraosteal
key-sequenced data set
Maradah
medical supplies
melchisedec
message separation function
micronizers
microphytophagous mites
monestrous
moving spirit
multi- resistance
multi-shuttle ribbon loom
mus tenellus
neutron leakage spectrum
old women's fable story
on-let
out-length
output formatter
Pan'kova Zemlya, Poluostrov
partial differential equation
pentamerus
phenolphthalein test
pitch accents
Pleasant Dale
potein-free solution
protein-free filtrate
prototyping technique
re-record
reticular part
revolving line of credit
Rooker
row-bowls
separating sieve
simulately
Singapore Shipping Association
smoothline
straight debt value
stress fracture of fibula
stretto by diminution
suspended camera
system tester
tere
tetraiodotetrachlorofluorescein
Thomas' pessary
to consist of
town-centre
TPT (time priority table)
training board
trevalion
triple deck screen
unbung
vertebrochondral
vestibule train
vibration isolating material
victomycin
West New Britain Prov.
whamo
yuglon
Zirobwe