SSS 2010-01-06
时间：2019-01-08 作者：英语课 分类：Scientific American(一)月
Stereotypes 1 are usually the last thing to change in the face of contradictory 2 evidence. A case in point is the long held belief that boys are better at mathematics than girls.
Well a meta-analysis to be published in the journal Psychological Bulletin can be added to the pile of evidence that finds no significant gender 3 difference in mathematical ability.
Researchers analyzed 4 results from two math tests that assessed nearly half a million boys and girls between the ages of 14 to 16, from 69 countries. They tested algebra 5, geometry, data analysis and number concepts. The study’s lead author, Villanova University psychology 6 professor Nicole Else-Quest found “…that on average across all the nations the gender difference was negligible.”
But she and her colleagues did notice an interesting pattern, “When you look at the variability across nations you see it varies a great deal. There are some nations where girls do better than boys. There are some nations boys do better than girls.”
Countries that had larger gender gaps favoring boys included Tunisia and Korea. And those favoring girls were Jordan and Bahrain.
But most countries showed no gender gap including the United States, Sweden, Germany.
Else-Quest notes that there is some association between the status of women in each country and their ability to do mathematics.
“The percentage of women in parliament was moderately associated with the size of the gender gap in math such that in countries where there were fewer women in parliament males tended to do better in math than girls by a larger extent than in countries in which there was better representation by women in parliament.”
That connection would seem to imply that achievement levels are not innate 7 and fixed 8.
"And that these gender differences that we are seeing are not because they have different brains.. It’s because of social forces--which suggests that they can be changed.”
—Christie Nicholson
- Such jokes tend to reinforce racial stereotypes. 这样的笑话容易渲染种族偏见。
- It makes me sick to read over such stereotypes devoid of content. 这种空洞无物的八股调，我看了就讨厌。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
- The argument is internally contradictory.论据本身自相矛盾。
- What he said was self-contradictory.他讲话前后不符。
- French differs from English in having gender for all nouns.法语不同于英语，所有的名词都有性。
- Women are sometimes denied opportunities solely because of their gender.妇女有时仅仅因为性别而无法获得种种机会。
- The doctors analyzed the blood sample for anemia. 医生们分析了贫血的血样。 来自《简明英汉词典》
- The young man did not analyze the process of his captivation and enrapturement, for love to him was a mystery and could not be analyzed. 这年轻人没有分析自己蛊惑著迷的过程，因为对他来说，爱是个不可分析的迷。 来自《简明英汉词典》
- He was not good at algebra in middle school.他中学时不擅长代数。
- The boy can't figure out the algebra problems.这个男孩做不出这道代数题。
- She has a background in child psychology.她受过儿童心理学的教育。
- He studied philosophy and psychology at Cambridge.他在剑桥大学学习哲学和心理学。
- You obviously have an innate talent for music.你显然有天生的音乐才能。
- Correct ideas are not innate in the mind.人的正确思想不是自己头脑中固有的。