走进牛津大学 第10期:“孤独”的汤姆塔

 　　Situated 1 in the High Street, Magdalen Great Tower is a bell tower in Oxford 2.

　　位于高街的莫德林高塔是牛津城的一座钟塔。
　　Started to be built in 1492，it is one of the oldest parts of Magdalen College, the university of Oxford.
　　它始建于1492年，是牛津大学莫德林学院最古老的建筑之一。
　　It dominates the eastern entrance to the city, towering over Magdalen Bridge.
　　莫德林髙塔主宰着牛津城的东部人口，重要性远胜于莫德林桥。
　　Its pinnacles 3 are about 44m (144ft) high to the top, so it is considered as the tallest building in Oxford.
　　它的塔尖高达44米(英尺）,因此被认为是牛津城最高的建筑物。
　　The tower contains ten bells hung for English change ringing.
　　该塔包含10个悬挂钟，用来演奏英国编钟乐。
　　At the invitation of the college, the Oxford Society of Change Ringers will ring the bells on many occasions every year.
　　应莫德林学院的邀请，牛津大学的编钟演奏协会都会在每年的重大时节敲响这些钟，
　　Such occasions include at significant royal and college anniversaries, as well as after some religious ceremonies in the College Chapel 4.
　　包括重要的皇家纪念日和学院纪念日，以及一些学院小教堂的宗教仪式结束后。
　　At 6 a.m. every 1st May, the choir 5 of the college, together with boy choristers from nearby Magdalen College School,
　　每年的5月1日早晨6点，该学院的唱诗班，连同邻近的莫德林学院学校的男唱诗班歌手们一起合唱
　　sings two traditional hymns 6 to start the May Morning celebrations in Oxford.
　　两首传统的赞美诗，以此揭开牛津城5月清晨庆典的序幕。
　　Large crowds gather in the High Street and on Magdalen Bridge to listen the hymns, until they disperse 7 for other activities.
　　人们聚集在高街和莫德林桥上聆听赞美诗，直到他们为别的活动而分散了注意力。
　　Founders 8 Tower is also a tower in Magdalen College.
　　发现者塔也是莫德林学院的一座塔。
　　It is the second-highest tower in the college, after the Magdalen Great Tower.
　　它是该学院仅次于莫德林高塔的第二高塔。
　　Founders Tower houses the entrance to the Old Library, and also sits the main entrance to the Cloisters 9.
　　旧图书馆的人口就在发现者塔里，修道院博物馆的主要人口也在此。
　　Despite the views of the college from the top of the tower, access is restricted.
　　尽管从这座塔的顶端可以看到该学院的全貌，但是这座塔是不能随意进出的。
　　Tom Tower is a bell tower in Christ Church College, the University of Oxford.
　　汤姆塔是牛津大学基督教堂学院的一座钟塔。
　　It is named for its bell-Great Tom.
　　汤姆塔得名于塔内的钟——大汤姆。
　　The tower is over Tom Gate, and on the main entrance of Christ Church, which leads into Tom Quad 10.
　　这座塔穿过了汤姆门，位于基督教堂学院的正门处，直通汤姆方庭。
　　This square tower was designed by the 17th century famous architect Christopher Wren 11 and built between 1681 and 1682.
　　该方塔是由17世纪的著名建筑师克里斯托夫.雷恩设计的，建于1681年-1682年间。
　　Wren made the tower in a late Gothic style,
　　雷恩把这座塔建成了晚期哥特式风格建筑，
　　which had not been seen in a prominent building for a hundred and fifty years, making Tom Tower a lonely precursor 12 of the Gothic Revival 13.
　　这种风格在之后150年的主要建筑物上都没有再出现，这使得汤姆塔成为了一座“孤独”的哥特复兴先驱。
　　The Gothic Revival didn't get underway until the mid-18th century.
　　哥特复兴直到18世纪中期才开始崭露头角。