3-14 全球污染趋势
时间：2018-12-30 作者：英语课 分类：英语沙龙2004全年合辑上
Global Pollution Trends
According to a recent report by the UNEP1, if car numbers keep increasing at the present rate, there will be more than a billion on the road by 2025. Today, motor vehicles put out 900 million tonnes2 of carbon dioxide a year--about 15 per cent of our total output. More vehicles will mean more global warming.
Also by 2025, two-thirds of the world's people will live in cities, so traffic jams and pollution will loom 13 large in most people's lives. Worst of all will be the megacities4 of Asia. Beijing, Shanghai and Calcutta5 will each be home to as many as 20 million people, Bombay6 to 25 million.
Life in the country may not be much better. Asia is heading for a downpour of acid rain that will destroy forests and wither 27 crops. The worst hit look like being Thailand, southeast China, northeast India and Korea, where economic growth is powered by fossil fuels8 rich in sulphur9.
Industrialised nations have reduced SO2 emissions 3. They have also cut production of CFCs10 and halons11, the chemicals that destroy stratospheric12 ozone 4. But the ozone layer is not yet safe. Under the Montreal Protocol 5, developing nations have until 2010 to cut production. There is still a black market in CFCs, and halon production has increased in countries such as Brazil, India and Mexico.
注释：
1. UNEP abbr. United Nations Environment Programme 联合国环境规划署
2. tonne [tQn] n. 〈英〉公吨=1000公斤，或称metricton
3. loom [lu:m] vi.（威胁等）阴森地逼近
4. megacity [5me^E7siti] n.（人口超过100万的）大城市
5. Calcutta [kAl5kQtE] 加尔各答（印度东北部港市）
6. Bombay [bCm5bei] 孟买（印度西部港市）
7. wither [5wiTE(r)] vt. 使干枯，使枯萎
8. fossil fuel矿物燃料
9. sulphur [5sQlfE(r)] n. [化]硫，硫磺
10. CFC abbr. chlorofluorocarbon n. [化] 含氯氟烃
11. halon [5hAlEun] n. 用于灭火的碳、溴或卤的气体化合物
12. stratospheric [7strAtEu5sferik] adj. [气] 平流层的，同温层的
全球污染趋势
根据联合国环境规划署最近的一次报告，如果汽车数量保持现在的增长速度，到2025年，汽车总数将超过10亿辆。现在，机动车每年排放9亿公吨的二氧化碳，约占二氧化碳总排放量的15％。更多的车辆将意味着更严重的全球变暖。
同样到2025年，世界2/3的人口将在城市居住，因此交通拥挤和环境污染问题将日益突出，影响大多数人的生活。最严重的将是亚洲的大城市。北京、上海和加尔各答将各自接纳多达2000万的人口，而孟买将达到2500万人。
农村的生活环境也不尽如人意。亚洲将遭遇大量酸雨的袭击。酸雨将毁坏森林并使作物凋谢。泰国、中国东南部、印度东北部和朝鲜受害将最为严重，因为这些地区的经济增长是以含硫很多的矿物燃料为动力。
工业化国家已经减少了二氧化硫的排放，并减少了含氯氟烃和卤烃的生产。这两种化学物质均对同温层的臭氧起破坏作用。但是即使如此，臭氧层依然没有获得安全保障。根据《蒙特利尔议定书》，到2010年为止，发展中国家必须减少上述物质的生产。现在含氯氟烃还存在着黑市交易。在巴西、印度和墨西哥等国家，卤烃的生产依旧有增无减。
- The old woman was weaving on her loom.那位老太太正在织布机上织布。
- The shuttle flies back and forth on the loom.织布机上梭子来回飞动。
- She grows as a flower does-she will wither without sun.她象鲜花一样成长--没有太阳就会凋谢。
- In autumn the leaves wither and fall off the trees.秋天，树叶枯萎并从树上落下来。
- Most scientists accept that climate change is linked to carbon emissions. 大多数科学家都相信气候变化与排放的含碳气体有关。
- Dangerous emissions radiate from plutonium. 危险的辐射物从钚放散出来。
- The ozone layer is a protective layer around the planet Earth.臭氧层是地球的保护层。
- The capacity of ozone can adjust according of requirement.臭氧的产量可根据需要或调节。