4-10 现代奥运回顾：1972年的慕尼黑奥运会

Modern Olympic Games Review

——1972 Olympic Munich

The 1972 Munich1 Games were the largest yet, setting records in all categories, with 195 events and 7,123 athletes from 121 nations. They were supposed to celebrate peace and, for the first ten days, all did indeed go well. But in the early morning of 5 September, with six days left in the Games, eight Arab commandos2 slipped into the Olympic Village, killed two Israeli team members and seized nine others as hostages. Early the next morning, all nine were killed in a shootout3 between the terrorists and West German police at a military airport.

The tragedy stunned 1 the world and stopped the XXth Olympiad in its tracks4. But in defiance 25 of the terrorists, at a memorial service attended by 80,000 at the main stadium, 84-year-old outgoing6 IOC president Avery Brundage and his committee announced “the Games must go on.”

As a result, the competitions resumed7 after a pause of 34 hours. All other details about the Munich Games paled in significance, but it did have its highlights. Archery8 was reintroduced to the Olympic programme after a 52-year absence and handball after a 36-year absence. Whitewater 9 (or slalom10) canoeing11 was included for the first time. The 1972 Games were also the first to have a named mascot 312.

U.S. swimmer Mark Spitz won an incredible seven golds. Lasse Viren of Finland fell midway through the 10,000m final, but rose and set a world record to win the first of his four career gold medals. The media star of the Munich Games was the tiny Soviet 4 gymnast, Olga Korbut, whose dramatic cycle of success in the team competition, failure in the individual competition and renewed success in the apparatus 513 finals captured the attention of fans worldwide.

注释：

1.Munich [5mju:nik] 慕尼黑（德国城市）

2.commando [kE5mB:ndEu] n. 突击队；突击队员

3.shootout [5Fu:t 7aut] n. 枪战；开枪格斗

4.in one's tracks〈美口〉就地，当场；立刻

5.defiance [di5faiEns] n. 蔑视；挑战；in～of 违抗；无视；不顾

6.outgoing [5aut^EuiN] a. 即将离职的

7.resume [ri5zju:m] vt.（中断后）重新开始，继续

8.archery [5B:tFEri] n. 射箭（术）；射箭运动

9.whitewater [5(h)wait7wC:tE] n.（激流、瀑布等中起泡沫

的）白浪，碎浪水花

10.slalom [5sleilEm] n. （滑水、滑艇或汽车等的）回旋赛

11.canoe [kE5nu:] vi. 划小划子

12.mascot [5mAskEt] n.（被认为会带来好运气的）吉祥物

13.apparatus [7ApE5reitEs] n. 器械；器具；装置

现代奥运回顾

——1972年的慕尼黑奥运会

1972年的慕尼黑奥运会是最大的、在各个方面都创记录的一次盛会。本届奥运会共设有195个项目，吸引了来自121个国家的7123名运动员参加。本届奥运会旨在弘扬和平主题并顺利地度过了头10天。然而在9月5日清晨，奥运会还有6天即将结束的时候，8名阿拉伯突击队队员溜进了奥运村，杀害了两名以色列运动员并劫持了其他9名以色列运动员作为人质。第二天一大早，在一个军事机场恐怖分子与西德警方的交火中，9名以色列运动员全部被杀害。

　　这一惨剧震惊了全世界，第20届奥运会也因此当即中断。但是为了向恐怖分子挑战，在主体育场举行的有8万人参加的一个悼念仪式上，即将离职的84岁奥委会主席埃弗里•布伦达奇和奥委会宣布“奥运会继续进行”。

　　结果，奥运会比赛经过了34小时的中断后继续进行。慕尼黑奥运会的其他细节都因这次恐怖袭击变得黯然失色，但是仍然不乏亮点。经过了52年的停赛之后，射箭运动又重新成为奥运会项目。手球运动也在历经36年停赛之后得以恢复。划艇障碍回旋赛第一次被引入奥运会。1972年奥运会还首次有了一个有名字的吉祥物。

　　美国游泳选手马克•斯匹茨不可思议地赢得了7块金牌。芬兰运动员拉塞•维伦在1万米决赛的中途跌倒，但是他爬起来继续比赛，最终以破世界记录的成绩夺取了他职业生涯中4枚金牌的首枚。慕尼黑奥运会的媒体明星是身材娇小的苏联体操运动员奥尔加•科尔布特。她在团体赛中获得成功，但在个人比赛中失利，随后又在器械决赛中再次获胜，这一戏剧性的循环引起了全球观众的关注。