时间:2018-12-29 作者:英语课 分类:孙子兵法


英语课

   九变篇 NO.5:


  故将有五危,必死可杀,必生可虏,忿速可侮,廉洁可辱,爱民可烦。
  凡此五者,将之过也,用兵之灾也。
  覆军杀将,必以五危,不可不察也。
  这句啥意思:
  所以,将领有五种致命的弱点:坚持死拼硬打,可能招致杀身之祸;临阵畏缩,贪生怕死,则可能被俘;性情暴躁易怒,可能受敌轻侮而失去理智;过分洁身自好,珍惜声名,可能会被羞辱引发冲动;由于爱护民众,受不了敌方的扰民行动而不能采取相应的对敌行动。
  所有这五种情况,都是将领最容易有的过失,是用兵的灾难。
  军队覆没,将领牺牲,必定是因为这五种危害,因此一定要认识到这五种危害的严重性。
  英文这么说:
  There are five dangerous faults which may affect a general:
  (1) Recklessness, which leads to destruction;
  (2) cowardice 1, which leads to capture;
  (3) a hasty temper, which can be provoked by insults;
  (4) a delicacy 2 of honor which is sensitive to shame;
  (5) over-solicitude for his men, which exposes him to worry and trouble.
  These are the five besetting 3 sins of a general,ruinous to the conduct of war.
  When an army is overthrown 4 and its leader slain,the cause will surely be found among these five dangerous faults. Let them be a subject of meditation 5.
  五危
  第一,不会用智谋,只知到拼命打仗的将帅,很容易被敌军诱杀。
  第二,软弱无能、贪生怕死的将帅,越是怕死越是容易被消灭,这种人和有可能被俘虏;
  第三,性质急躁的将帅,非常容易被激怒,一旦愤怒就会失去理智,就不会沉下心来研究谋略,这种人很容易中敌人激将的奸计;
  第四,廉洁好名的将帅,喜欢以“正人君子”的姿态出现,这种人只要敌人侮辱其名,就会失去理智,就很容易中敌人的圈套;
  第五,爱民如子的将帅,反而会使老百姓成为军队的拖累,大大迟缓军队的灵活性,使敌人有可乘之机。
  以上五点,是将帅的过错,也是用兵的灾害。军队覆灭,将帅被杀,必定是由于这五种危险引起,是不可不引起高度重视。

1 cowardice
n.胆小,怯懦
  • His cowardice reflects on his character.他的胆怯对他的性格带来不良影响。
  • His refusal to help simply pinpointed his cowardice.他拒绝帮助正显示他的胆小。
2 delicacy
n.精致,细微,微妙,精良;美味,佳肴
  • We admired the delicacy of the craftsmanship.我们佩服工艺师精巧的手艺。
  • He sensed the delicacy of the situation.他感觉到了形势的微妙。
3 besetting
adj.不断攻击的v.困扰( beset的现在分词 );不断围攻;镶;嵌
  • Laziness is my besetting sin. 懒惰是我积重难返的恶习。 来自辞典例句
  • His besetting sin is laziness. 他所易犯的毛病就是懒惰。 来自辞典例句
4 overthrown
n.熟虑,(尤指宗教的)默想,沉思,(pl.)冥想录
  • This peaceful garden lends itself to meditation.这个恬静的花园适于冥想。
  • I'm sorry to interrupt your meditation.很抱歉,我打断了你的沉思。
学英语单词
acoustoelectric materials/devices
angioleucitis
at one extreme
baeomyces sanguineus
Balk-timber
barshams
Büchlberg
cable modems
Carnot's sycle
Chlorazinil
ciao
compendiously
conflicted
coostochondrosarcoma
copal oil
Cotoneaster turbinatus
cryosol
cutout slit
Cyperus nutans
darling
debt capital
dicyclopentadienyl-beryllium
digital light processing projector
dimension variables
distilled water preservation
Doverdale
Dynamax
Endagikot
Epicureanisms
extended families
extraction slit
finsters
flatbed presses
Flumethone
forward propagation by tropospheric scatter (fpts)
foxleys
frillery
gainliness
general potential
genetic equilibrium (hardy 1908)
gerli
glow-discharge stabilizer
Go your ways.
godgiven
high frequency electric current sterilization
hill climb test
Hingis, Martina
IFOG
instant analysis
intercommunication installation
irregular lower
Joni
keep touch with
Khamyab
Kyasanur forest fever
laser road surface tester
left precaval vein
legumes
lendabler
longitudinal arrangement of turbo-generator
make heavy wiather
maritime explorer
methods
modulation input circuit
molecular probe
new balance
nonpremiere
o.d.m
optical multistability
ordinary tax
original damage size
outtrades
over age vessel
pligs
polybrenes
porous shell
pressure swing adsorption (PSA)
road log
sekora
self-filling tank
self-lube hanger unit
serve on the jury
services of writs
silent third speed
single-channel per carrier (scpc)
some more
Soyosan
speed limiting switch
stable-companions
stenopalynous
superdoctors
The brew is wet.
tough string test
turning roadway
ultra-left
unchurlish
undermanage
vantini
vectogram
waste emplacement
wind velocity profile
woolriches