时间:2019-01-08 作者:英语课 分类:英语学习方法


英语课
与汉语类似,同样的意思在英语中也可有多种表达方式,而不同表达方式之间的差别往往在于语气和情感,语气和情感的选择又取决于具体的环境,所以英语翻译一定要考虑具体的场合与对象,考虑被提示对象的阅读心理与情感,意思正确只是翻译的第一步。下面我们以提示语为例进行说明。
在中国的公共场所,我们随处都可以看到“禁止入内”、“禁止踏草坪”以及“违者罚款”等字眼。“禁止”翻译成英语就是“Don't”,在英文中,“Don't”口气比较生硬,缺乏委婉之意。如“Don't pick the flowers”(禁止摘花),“Don't throw something out of the train”(禁止往车窗外扔东西),“Don't tread 1 on the lawn”(禁止践踏草坪),“Don't make noise”(禁止喧哗)等,这些句子无论是在语法上还是意思上都非常正确,但并不建议大家这么翻译。因为“Don't”使这些句子语气显得太重,易使人产生距离感。
公共场合应该营造的是一种快乐随意的气氛,让大家身心愉快。一定程度的善意提醒是必要的,但是应该尽力避免生硬。而且英语是一种比较强调委婉的语言,一般不会在公园这样的地方使用Don't这样生硬的词。如“禁止摘花”可译做“Keep away from the flowers , please .”或者“Take care of the flowers, please.”同样表达一个意思,但这两句让人看了很舒服,一种爱花的心情油然“牌”上,与竖牌人的初衷一致。尤其“take care of”短语本身带有拟人色彩,将花看成是一个baby,提醒人们像爱护和关心baby一样去爱护花木。如此,树立这个牌子的目的便达到了。再比如,“Don't make noise”(禁止喧哗)这种牌子也经常看到,我们完全可以将它译为“Quiet , please.”既简练,又标准。因此公共场合不用“Don't”照样能够达到如期的效果。
此外有些公共场所的提示语在英语中往往有其固定的用法,如“No spitting”(禁止吐痰),“No smoking”(禁止吸烟)等等,需要提醒一点的是,No与Don't不一样,前者更多地被用在中性语境中。我们见到“不许动”,脑海中立即闪现“Don't move”, 而事实上外国警察所说的却是“Freeze”,或者“Hold it”。见到“动我就打死你”自然想到“If you move, I'll shoot you.”,而外国警察常说的却是“Move and you are dead, man.”所以,我们应该掌握外国人在类似情况下的表达习惯,而不是按照自己的思维和表达方式进行翻译,虽然有时词可达意,但毕竟不够地道。

vi.踩;行走;vt.踩烂(出);n.胎面,脚步声
  • A policeman walked by with a slow,measured tread.一名警察迈着小心的步子慢慢走过。
  • We heard father's tread on the steps.我们听到台阶上父亲的脚步声。
标签: 翻译
学英语单词
accented contour
ahrendt
alchymic
angle of cut
apprising
articulated suction tube
audio-frequency amplifiers
auto-zero technique
ball table
belting course
bignays
blithemeat
Botende
casing shroud
Castanopsis longispina
cathedrals
chalypite
characteristic-value problem
chasse
childbirths
churchish
clithridium
colour-differences
consciousness of kind
controlled release pesticide
crack whores
daimoku
decomposition vibration
double source single streamer method
drought
eclipse of the sun
eu-sapropel
financial system
fkgp
flame grooving
gavrilov
give hostages to fortune
gnomons
Godthaab
guanamine
hexastich
interchange trisomic belling (1927)
intergenic recombination
internal isotope therapy
iodchromate
jacquard weave
jar-to-signal ratio
jocularly
kambumba
knowledge rating scale
Krupanj
latapectinae
Line turnaround.
load on call
me-too
meteorophobia
Meyer number
mold case
monoiodacetamide
multidirectional martensite
narcine brevilabiata
natural life-span
Notional Principal
one-back
open boat
over-arching weight
Panaitolio
polymeric carrier
poverty grass
professional athlete
prosimians
puncture of cable
quick-closing valve
radio recognition
ranatensin C
re-roofing
registered ship
relocate domicile
secondary emission coefficient
set one's mind on something
sheep plant
ship's signal letters
slurpiest
spheroidal coordinates
Stirone, Torrente
stolidly
taghi
taicolopodacus primus
Talk-knebelite
telephone sets
terminating packet
Thomas Hodgkin
three-note
toluols
Trifon
underdeck void geometry
used fixed assets
water cure
widely-distributed
xiphium
yardmasters
zorrilla