经济学人:印度中央银行(1)-英语课

时间：2018-12-29 作者：英语课 分类：经济学人财经系列

英语课

　　Sometime in the 1990s Jagdish Bhagwati, one of India's most distinguished 1 economists 3, encountered Swaminathan Gurumurthy, 在20世纪90年代某时，印度最杰出的经济学家贾格迪什·巴格沃蒂遭遇了斯瓦米那坦·古穆绥—

　　a financial commentator 4 associated with the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS), a Hindu-nationalist organisation 5. 一位和印度教国家主义组织民族卫队（RSS）有关联的金融评论家。
　　Mr Gurumurthy was making the case that globalisation, brought in by well-connected financiers, was destroying India. Mr Bhagwati came to a caustic 6 conclusion. 古穆绥正在宣扬称由出身名门的金融家所引入的全球化正在摧毁印度。巴格沃蒂得出了一个刻薄的结论。
　　If RSS ideologues like Mr Gurumurthy were economists, then Mr Bhagwati was a "Bharatnatyam dancer", he said 他表示，如果RSS中像古穆绥这样的空想家都是经济学家的话，那么巴格沃蒂就是一位“巴拉那提姆舞者”，
　　(referring to a traditional dance from Tamil Nadu performed by women). （参考泰米尔纳德邦女子跳的传统舞蹈）。
　　Over 20 years later, Mr Gurumurthy's beliefs have changed little. 20多年后，古穆绥的观点并没有什么改变。
　　But today he is one of the most influential 7 members of the board of the Reserve Bank of India (RBI), the country's central bank, 但如今他是印度中央银行印度储备银行（RBI）董事会中最具影响力的成员之一
　　to which he was appointed by the government in August. 8月政府对他进行了任命。
　　He has led demands that the RBI loosen restrictions 8 on India's rickety state-run banks and hand more of its reserves to the government. 他带头要求RBI放松对印度岌岌可危的国有银行的限制并将更多储备上交政府。
　　Other than Narendra Modi, the prime minister, he is perhaps the man India's liberal economists most fear. 他可能是除了总理纳伦德拉·莫迪之外，印度自由经济学家最害怕的人。
　　Mr Gurumurthy had never before held a government position. A chartered accountant by training, he says he took the RBI position "under some pressure". 古穆绥此前从未担任过政府职位。他是一名通过培训的注册会计师，他表示他是在“重压之下”才接受RBI职位的。
　　But he admits that he has long offered "advice" to government. 但他承认自己长期以来都在为政府“献策”。
　　Plenty of people think that advice is taken extremely seriously, especially by Mr Modi, who shares his background in the RSS. 很多人认为官员，尤其是莫迪总理会极其认真地考虑他提的建议，莫迪总理同样有着RSS任职背景。
　　"He's really a fixer, he gets things done in Delhi," says Mohan Guruswamy, a former government economist 2 who has often clashed publicly with him. “他真的是一个解决问题的人，他在德里做的不错，”一名前政府经济学家默罕·古鲁斯瓦米表示，他经常和古穆绥公开争吵。