科学美国人60秒 SSS Poverty Shaves Years off Life
时间：2018-12-24 作者：英语课 分类：2017年Scientific American(三)月
Poverty Shaves Years off Life 贫穷是疾病的一大根源
Back in 2011 member countries of the World Health Organization, the WHO, came up with a plan to cut mortality from noncommunicable diseases 25 percent by the year 2025. The program was thus called the 25 X 25 Initiative. And it identified various health risk factors, such as smoking, high blood pressure, diabetes 1 and a sedentary lifestyle. What the Initiative did not include as a risk factor for poor health was poverty.
2011年，世界卫生组织提出，截止到2025年，世卫各成员国要将非传染性疾病造成的死亡率减少25%。因此这个计划被称为“25×25倡议“。该倡议确定了影响健康风险的因素，如吸烟、高血压、糖尿病以及久坐的生活方式。但该倡议并未囊括造成健康状况不佳的另外一个风险因素：贫穷。
An international team of researchers thus decided 2 to look at poverty as a possible driver of noncommunicable illness. They pored over data from 48 previously 3 published studies that included socioeconomic information.
某国际研究小组决定调查贫困是否是造成非传染性疾病的因素。他们仔细研究已经发表的48组研究数据，这些数据囊括了社会经济信息。
Together these studies include some 1.75 million subjects from seven high-income countries in the WHO. And the research team found that being poor was more dangerous than obesity 4 or high alcohol intake 5. The study is in the journal The Lancet.
这些研究涉及了来自7个高收入国家175万名的调查对象。研究小组发现，贫穷比肥胖、酗酒更加危险。该研究结果发表在《柳叶刀》杂志。
The results were reported in terms of years of life lost between the ages of 40 and 85. Being a current smoker 6 was associated with 4.8 years of lost life, diabetes with 3.9 years and physical inactivity with 2.4 years.
研究报告中给出的寿命在40岁到85岁至今。吸烟会使寿命减少4.8年，糖尿病会使寿命减少3.9年，而缺乏运动会使寿命减少2.4年。
Being of low socioeconomic status was almost as bad as inactivity, with 2.1 years of lost life. High blood pressure only accounted for 1.6 years lost and high alcohol intake was good for—or bad for—0.5 years gone.
社会经济地位比较低和缺乏运动造成的影响差不多，会使寿命减少2.1年。高血压会使寿命减少1.6年，而高的酒精摄入量，无论好坏，会使寿命减少0.5年。
Because of these findings, the researchers wrote that the results “suggest that socioeconomic Circumstances…should be treated as a target for local and global health strategies, health risk surveillance, interventions 7, and policy.” In other words, part of treating disease is treating poverty.
由于这些发现，研究人员，写道研究结果表明“社会经济地位…应该是本地和全球卫生战略,健康风险监测、政府干预措施和政策的主要目标。“换而言之，治疗疾病一部分就是解决贫穷。
- In case of diabetes, physicians advise against the use of sugar.对于糖尿病患者，医生告诫他们不要吃糖。
- Diabetes is caused by a fault in the insulin production of the body.糖尿病是由体內胰岛素分泌失调引起的。
- This gave them a decided advantage over their opponents.这使他们比对手具有明显的优势。
- There is a decided difference between British and Chinese way of greeting.英国人和中国人打招呼的方式有很明显的区别。
- The bicycle tyre blew out at a previously damaged point.自行车胎在以前损坏过的地方又爆开了。
- Let me digress for a moment and explain what had happened previously.让我岔开一会儿，解释原先发生了什么。
- One effect of overeating may be obesity.吃得过多能导致肥胖。
- Sugar and fat can more easily lead to obesity than some other foods.糖和脂肪比其他食物更容易导致肥胖。
- Reduce your salt intake.减少盐的摄入量。
- There was a horrified intake of breath from every child.所有的孩子都害怕地倒抽了一口凉气。
- His wife dislikes him to be a smoker.他妻子不喜欢他当烟民。
- He is a moderate smoker.他是一个有节制的烟民。
- Economic analysis of government interventions deserves detailed discussion. 政府对经济的干预应该给予充分的论述。 来自辞典例句
- The judge's frequent interventions made a mockery of justice. 法官的屡屡干预是对正义的践踏。 来自互联网