科学美国人60秒 SSS Ancient Biblical Scroll Gets Read While Wrapped
时间:2018-12-24 作者:英语课 分类:2016年Scientific American(九)月
In the 1970s, researchers unearthing 1 an ancient synagogue at Ein Gedi, near the Dead Sea, discovered the structure’s Holy Ark—the container in which early Jews would have stored the Bible as they prayed. The site was home to a large Jewish community from about 800 BCE until a huge fire there in about 600 CE. That fire blackened and burned the scrolls 3 in the ark. They crumbled 4 if touched. So the Israeli scientists locked them away. Until now.
Penina Shor at the Israel Antiques Authority reached out to computer scientist Brent Seales at the University of Kentucky to see if he and his colleagues could use new technologies to peer inside a scroll 2 without unrolling it. They call the technique virtual unwrapping. Brent Seales explains:
“First we have to find the layers within the scanned volume. Finding evidence of those layers is called segmentation. So there's a process for that. Once we find those layers we create a texture 5 on those layers that comes from the scanned volume itself and that's where the ink evidence gets situated 6 onto the layered surface. And then the final step is this unwrapping where we flatten 7 out that surface, which is not actually flat, it's three dimensional. So that we can merge 8 the pieces together and see the completely unwrapped scroll.”
They applied 9 this technique to the Ein Gedi scroll.
“So the first time we saw the text was in the lab and of course I don't speak or read Hebrew but we knew that it was writing because of the systematic 10 way the markings were lined up, our early versions were not as clear as what we were able ultimately to produce. But of course we were elated because we knew that we had a scroll in which we would see the writing.
“But I think the real joy came when Penina sent me back the result of having read our first results because then I knew that not only were we seen writing but it was readable because she and her team were able to identify it as a known text and at that point were absolutely jubilant I have to say.”
The Israeli scholars could clearly read the Hebrew. And they realized they were reading the book of Leviticus, one of the five books of Moses, the first five books of the Old Testament 11. It’s the earliest Biblical book found inside an Ark, and the earliest surviving book outside of the Dead Sea Scrolls. The finding is in the journal Science Advances. [William Brent Seales et al., From damage to discovery via virtual unwrapping: Reading the scroll from En-Gedi]
The researchers are thrilled not only with the discovery of the scroll’s writing, but with the potential to use this application to peer inside other scrolled 12 texts.
“I believe there are more discoveries to come. Damage and decay is the natural order of things. But you can see this sometimes, you can absolutely pull a text back from the brink 13 of loss.”
—Cynthia Graber
[Seales audio from a AAAS telephone news conference on September 20.]
- And unearthing the past often means literally and studying the evidence. 通常,探寻往事在字面上即意味着——刨根究底。
- The unearthing of "Peking Man" was a remarkable discovery. “北京人”的出土是个非凡的发现。
- As I opened the scroll,a panorama of the Yellow River unfolded.我打开卷轴时,黄河的景象展现在眼前。
- He was presented with a scroll commemorating his achievements.他被授予一幅卷轴,以表彰其所做出的成就。
- Either turn it off or only pick up selected stuff like wands, rings and scrolls. 把他关掉然后只捡你需要的物品,像是魔杖(wand),戒指(rings)和滚动条(scrolls)。 来自互联网
- Ancient scrolls were found in caves by the Dead Sea. 死海旁边的山洞里发现了古代的卷轴。 来自辞典例句
- He crumbled the bread in his fingers. 他用手指把面包捻碎。
- Our hopes crumbled when the business went bankrupt. 商行破产了,我们的希望也破灭了。
- We could feel the smooth texture of silk.我们能感觉出丝绸的光滑质地。
- Her skin has a fine texture.她的皮肤细腻。
- The village is situated at the margin of a forest.村子位于森林的边缘。
- She is awkwardly situated.她的处境困难。
- We can flatten out a piece of metal by hammering it.我们可以用锤子把一块金属敲平。
- The wrinkled silk will flatten out if you iron it.发皱的丝绸可以用熨斗烫平。
- I can merge my two small businesses into a large one.我可以将我的两家小商店合并为一家大商行。
- The directors have decided to merge the two small firms together.董事们已决定把这两家小商号归并起来。
- She plans to take a course in applied linguistics.她打算学习应用语言学课程。
- This cream is best applied to the face at night.这种乳霜最好晚上擦脸用。
- The way he works isn't very systematic.他的工作不是很有条理。
- The teacher made a systematic work of teaching.这个教师进行系统的教学工作。
- This is his last will and testament.这是他的遗愿和遗嘱。
- It is a testament to the power of political mythology.这说明,编造政治神话可以产生多大的威力。
- Wherever the drop target can possibly be scrolled offscreen, the program needs to auto-scroll. 无论拖放的目标对象是否在屏幕之外,程序都需要自动滚动。 来自About Face 3交互设计精髓
- If It'still is then you've not scrolled up enough lines. 如果还在说明你向上滚动的行数不够。 来自互联网