时间:2018-12-24 作者:英语课 分类:2016年Scientific American(九)月


英语课

 


Only about 23 percent of the world’s land area is still what you’d call wilderness 1—where indigenous 2 people, wildlife, plants and microbes get a chance to live with little or no disturbance 3 from large human populations. But even that current figure of 23 percent is down by a tenth in just the last couple of decades. Which translates into an area the size of Alaska being converted away from wilderness since the 1990s. That’s according to a study in the journal Current Biology that was also announced at the just completed Honolulu meeting of the International Union for Conservation of Nature. [Watson et al, Catastrophic Declines in Wilderness Areas Undermine Global Environment Targets]


The research found that the regions that suffered the biggest wilderness losses were South America and Central Africa. South America lost almost a third of its wilderness while Africa’s is down about 14 percent.


James Watson is the lead author of the study. He’s with the Wildlife Conservation Society and the University of Queensland—he’s no relation to the more famous DNA 4 double helix James Watson.


In the journal article he and his colleagues write: “The continued loss of wilderness areas is a globally significant problem with largely irreversible outcomes for both humans and nature: if these trends continue, there could be no globally significant wilderness areas left in less than a century. Proactively protecting the world’s last wilderness areas is a cost-effective conservation investment and our best prospect 5 for ensuring that intact ecosystems 6 and large-scale ecological 7 and evolutionary 8 processes persist for the benefit of future generations.” And future generations includes both the organisms in the remaining wilderness—and us.


—Steve Mirsky


[The above text is a transcript 9 of this podcast.]



1 wilderness
n.杳无人烟的一片陆地、水等,荒漠
  • She drove the herd of cattle through the wilderness.她赶着牛群穿过荒野。
  • Education in the wilderness is not a matter of monetary means.荒凉地区的教育不是钱财问题。
2 indigenous
adj.土产的,土生土长的,本地的
  • Each country has its own indigenous cultural tradition.每个国家都有自己本土的文化传统。
  • Indians were the indigenous inhabitants of America.印第安人是美洲的土著居民。
3 disturbance
n.动乱,骚动;打扰,干扰;(身心)失调
  • He is suffering an emotional disturbance.他的情绪受到了困扰。
  • You can work in here without any disturbance.在这儿你可不受任何干扰地工作。
4 DNA
(缩)deoxyribonucleic acid 脱氧核糖核酸
  • DNA is stored in the nucleus of a cell.脱氧核糖核酸储存于细胞的细胞核里。
  • Gene mutations are alterations in the DNA code.基因突变是指DNA密码的改变。
5 prospect
n.前景,前途;景色,视野
  • This state of things holds out a cheerful prospect.事态呈现出可喜的前景。
  • The prospect became more evident.前景变得更加明朗了。
6 ecosystems
n.生态系统( ecosystem的名词复数 )
  • There are highly sensitive and delicately balanced ecosystems in the forest. 森林里有高度敏感、灵敏平衡的各种生态系统。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • Madagascar's ecosystems range from rainforest to semi-desert. 马达加斯加生态系统类型多样,从雨林到半荒漠等不一而足。 来自辞典例句
7 ecological
adj.生态的,生态学的
  • The region has been declared an ecological disaster zone.这个地区已经宣布为生态灾难区。
  • Each animal has its ecological niche.每种动物都有自己的生态位.
8 evolutionary
adj.进化的;演化的,演变的;[生]进化论的
  • Life has its own evolutionary process.生命有其自身的进化过程。
  • These are fascinating questions to be resolved by the evolutionary studies of plants.这些十分吸引人的问题将在研究植物进化过程中得以解决。
9 transcript
n.抄本,誊本,副本,肄业证书
  • A transcript of the tapes was presented as evidence in court.一份录音带的文字本作为证据被呈交法庭。
  • They wouldn't let me have a transcript of the interview.他们拒绝给我一份采访的文字整理稿。
学英语单词
acetylsulfaguanidine
advanced deposit requirement on import
ahead turbine
air-to-ground communication
an anonymous letter
antecession
aprons
aurangzebs
autorad
benswine
Berawan
built-mast
buttoned-downs
buy cheap and sell dear
Carrier Battle Group
central impression cylinder flexographic press
chain steel
chimney type cooling tower
ciclotisina
combinational (boolean) function
Curculionidae
dehydrosinomenine
deinostema violaceum
diametrical line of junction terminal
diapyema
direction stability
distributed paramp
door-plates
duty type
EMIF
fiumes
freely remittable
Gorringe Ridge
hardware breakpoint
heat absorbent
homomenthone
hoteling
HWHD
immunoembryology
in rapt attention
industrial model
isoperimetric curve
Le Prêcheur
liquid freight transport
LNPF
lockered
Manglietia grandis
medium-sweet
melakarta
mesogenic
metabograph
methylidynium
Michalski reaction
microbial contamination
mixed soybean
mixing velocity
non-stationary
nwp
operating safety factor
overslaughed
parasitic capture
parochialists
Perfins Club
physical color
piezo-electric apparatus
plaintiose
polymeric intelligent material
pressure determination
radix scale
rail traction
re-finished
relns
repulsions
return aces
riders
round herring
ruby spinel
sarcopside
scari
schindyletic
seedzones
seidel
seismic limitation
semenza
severe injury of muscle and bone
Shatnerian
signaling network functions
silverdome
sound insulation value
St-Servan-sur-Mer
stableyard
standard enthalpy change of formation
stick to their colours
switching district
to pass away
tramsheds
unbiassed critical region
under voltage circuit breaker
Voroshilov, Kliment Efremovich
well-packageds
wet weft
wristies