时间:2018-12-19 作者:英语课 分类:VOA双语新闻 2012年11月


英语课

 


美国大选将影响全球经济



Even as Europe grapples with a debt crisis that threatens the whole region, and China attempts to put the brakes on a slowing economy - the U.S. election is commanding headlines around the world. Global citizens want to know who Americans will choose as their new leader. Because whoever wins in November will control the largest purse string in the world, and with it - the ability to shape the global economy.


即使有欧洲应对债务危机和中国经济发展减慢这样的重大新闻,美国总统大选仍然占据世界媒体的头版头条。全球都希望知道美国人将选择谁作为他们的新领导人。因为,无论谁在11月大选中获胜,都将控制世界最大的钱袋,以及影响全球经济的能力。


If the polls are right, the 2012 election will be decided 1 by a few crucial votes in a handful of hotly contested states. But far from being just a domestic ballot 2 - Bruce Stokes at the Pew research Center says the U.S. election will have global implications.


如果民调正确的话,2012年的大选将由竞争激烈的几个州的一些关键选票所决定。皮尤研究中心的布鲁斯-斯特克斯说,美国大选将产生全球影响。


"Oh absolutely, the Americans get to vote in this election but the world gets to deal with the consequences," said Stokes.


他说:“当然是了,美国人要在选举中投票,但世界将应对选举的结果。”


With a gross domestic product equal to about a quarter of the world's total output, no other country has a larger economic footprint. A common refrain among economists 3 is that when the U.S. sniffles, the rest of the world catches a cold.


美国国民生产总值约占全球的四分之一,没有任何其它国家的经济足迹能超过美国。经济学家们常常说:如果美国打喷嚏,整个世界就感冒。


Desmond Lachman is a macroeconomist at the conservative leaning American Enterprise Institute.


保守的智库美国企业研究所的宏观经济学家德蒙-拉赫曼说:


"We saw that clearly in the 2008-2009 great economic recession, events that occurred in the United States banking 4 system reverberated 5 right through the globe," said Lachman.


“在2008-2009的经济大衰退中,我们清楚地看到了这种情况。美国银行系统中发生的各种事情,在全球都会产生巨大影响。”


On the campaign trail, both candidates agree a healthy U.S. economy is crucial to global stability. Both have assured Americans they have a plan to bolster 6 the economy - starting with Republican hopeful Mitt 7 Romney, who promises to level the playing field by getting tough on China.


奥巴马和罗姆尼在竞选中都认同,一个健康的美国经济对全球的稳定至关重要。他们二人都向美国人民保证,他们有提振经济的计划。


"On day one, I will label China a currency manipulator, which will allow me as president to be able to put in place, if necessary, tariffs 8 where I believe that they are taking unfair advantage of our manufacturers," said Romney.


Fighting to win a second term, President Obama says U.S. trade has increased significantly under his leadership. So has China's undervalued currency, which he says has risen 11 percent since he took office.


力争竞选连任的奥巴马总统说,在他的领导下,美国贸易额明显地增加。他说,低估的人民币汇率也是如此,自从他就职以来,人民币已经升值11%。


The key to a strong economy says Obama is to bring manufacturing jobs back to the U.S. and he says Romney is the wrong person to do it.


奥巴马说,强大经济的关键是使制造业的工作重新返回美国。他说,罗姆尼不是做成这件事的人。


"Keep in mind that Governor Romney invested in companies that were pioneers of outsourcing to China. Governor, you're the last person who is going to get tough on China," said President Obama.


But China is only part of a larger equation. The debt crisis in Europe has reduced demand for U.S. goods. Desmond Lachman says deepening problems in the 17-nation eurozone could further slow growth - worldwide.


但是,中国只是整个问题的一部分。欧洲的债务危机减少了对美国产品的需求。拉赫曼说,欧元区17国经济危机日益加剧的问题,可能进一步放慢全球的增长。


"My expectation is that Europe, being the largest trading partner of the United States is going to pose real challenges to the United States in the years ahead," he said.


他说:“我预计,欧洲作为美国最大的贸易伙伴,在未来数年将对美国构成真正的挑战。”


Lachman says Romney offers a more business friendly approach to solving the nation's chronically 9 high unemployment. But the Pew Center's Bruce Stokes says given Obama's popularity in many parts of the world, the image of the U.S. could suffer under a Romney presidency 10.


拉赫曼说,罗姆尼在如何解决美国持续高失业率的问题上提出了一个对工商界更有利的做法。但是皮尤中心的布鲁斯-斯特克斯说,鉴于奥巴马在世界很多地方的声望,罗姆尼执政可能会损害美国的形象。


"China, very interesting. I do think given Romney's rhetoric 11, there could be a short term hit to America's image in China. The big hit is going to be in Europe," said Stokes.


他说:“我认为,由于罗姆尼发表的言论,美国在中国的形象短期会受到影响,在欧洲也会受到很大影响。”


A recent survey by the Pew Center shows Western Europe overwhelmingly in favor of a second term for Obama: 92 percent in France, 89 percent in Germany and 73 percent in Britain. However, the president scored poorly in Greece where only 22 percent approved of his handling of the global economy.


皮尤中心最近的一份民调显示,西欧压倒性地赞成奥巴马连任:其中法国92%,德国89%,英国73%。但是,奥巴马在希腊的支持率很差,仅有22%的希腊人认同他对全球经济的处理。


Whoever wins, Lachman says there's a lot at stake, particularly if a divided Congress is unable to agree on drastic spending cuts at the end of the year.


拉赫曼说,无论谁将在大选中获胜,很多事情都受到影响,尤其是如果一个分裂的国会无法在今年年底就大幅度削减预算达成一致。


"If things go wrong in the United States that would certainly have huge global ramifications 12, particularly right now with the rest of the world not being in good shape, the last thing they need is for the United States to be stumbling," he said.


他说:“如果美国发生问题,肯定会产生巨大的全球影响,尤其是目前世界其它地方经济不好,他们最不愿看到的是美国的经济跌跌撞撞。”


History suggests the world will adapt to whomever America chooses. What is clear say experts is that the outcome will shape economic and geopolitical attitudes around the world for years to come.


历史证明,世界将去适应美国人民选择的任何一位总统。专家们说,有一点很明显,美国总统大选的结果将在今后数年影响全球的经济和地缘政治态度。




1 decided
adj.决定了的,坚决的;明显的,明确的
  • This gave them a decided advantage over their opponents.这使他们比对手具有明显的优势。
  • There is a decided difference between British and Chinese way of greeting.英国人和中国人打招呼的方式有很明显的区别。
2 ballot
n.(不记名)投票,投票总数,投票权;vi.投票
  • The members have demanded a ballot.会员们要求投票表决。
  • The union said they will ballot members on whether to strike.工会称他们将要求会员投票表决是否罢工。
3 economists
n.经济学家,经济专家( economist的名词复数 )
  • The sudden rise in share prices has confounded economists. 股价的突然上涨使经济学家大惑不解。
  • Foreign bankers and economists cautiously welcomed the minister's initiative. 外国银行家和经济学家对部长的倡议反应谨慎。 来自《简明英汉词典》
4 banking
n.银行业,银行学,金融业
  • John is launching his son on a career in banking.约翰打算让儿子在银行界谋一个新职位。
  • He possesses an extensive knowledge of banking.他具有广博的银行业务知识。
5 reverberated
回响,回荡( reverberate的过去式和过去分词 ); 使反响,使回荡,使反射
  • Her voice reverberated around the hall. 她的声音在大厅里回荡。
  • The roar of guns reverberated in the valley. 炮声响彻山谷。
6 bolster
n.枕垫;v.支持,鼓励
  • The high interest rates helped to bolster up the economy.高利率使经济更稳健。
  • He tried to bolster up their morale.他尽力鼓舞他们的士气。
7 mitt
n.棒球手套,拳击手套,无指手套;vt.铐住,握手
  • I gave him a baseball mitt for his birthday.为祝贺他的生日,我送给他一只棒球手套。
  • Tom squeezed a mitt and a glove into the bag.汤姆把棒球手套和手套都塞进袋子里。
8 tariffs
关税制度; 关税( tariff的名词复数 ); 关税表; (旅馆或饭店等的)收费表; 量刑标准
  • British industry was sheltered from foreign competition by protective tariffs. 保护性关税使英国工业免受国际竞争影响。
  • The new tariffs have put a stranglehold on trade. 新的关税制对开展贸易极为不利。
9 chronically
ad.长期地
  • Similarly, any pigment nevus that is chronically irritated should be excised. 同样,凡是经常受慢性刺激的各种色素痣切勿予以切除。
  • People chronically exposed to chlorine develop some degree of tolerance. 人长期接触氯气可以产生某种程度的耐受性。
10 presidency
n.总统(校长,总经理)的职位(任期)
  • Roosevelt was elected four times to the presidency of the United States.罗斯福连续当选四届美国总统。
  • Two candidates are emerging as contestants for the presidency.两位候选人最终成为总统职位竞争者。
11 rhetoric
n.修辞学,浮夸之言语
  • Do you know something about rhetoric?你懂点修辞学吗?
  • Behind all the rhetoric,his relations with the army are dangerously poised.在冠冕堂皇的言辞背后,他和军队的关系岌岌可危。
12 ramifications
n.结果,后果( ramification的名词复数 )
  • These changes are bound to have widespread social ramifications. 这些变化注定会造成许多难以预料的社会后果。
  • What are the ramifications of our decision to join the union? 我们决定加入工会会引起哪些后果呢? 来自《简明英汉词典》
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