VOA常速英语2016--全球化经济对美国的影响

全球化经济对美国的影响

The air outside this factory in Northeast Philadelphia once smelled of cookies. But the aroma,along with the 350 workers who for decades made Oreos disappeared last year when snackfood giant Mondelez shift production elsewhere. Across the street at Millevoi Auto 1 Sales andService, owner Art Millevoi recalls friends losing their jobs. We see so many people unemployed,so many older people, too, in their fifties that have lost their jobs. They are on their third orfourth job, where our parents would have it for life and they would have pension and theywould have social security. We are not guaranteed any of this. Millievoi who runs auto bodysales in and around Philadelphia says he will likely consolidate 2 his own businesses because ofrising taxes and regulatory fees. He says the government should do more to support smallbusinesses and keep American companies like Mondelez from shifting their operations tocountries like Mexico. NAFTA has allowed avenues for companies such as Mondelez to leave thiscountry easily. And all the people who were promised jobs were scattered 3 for a short time. But Iunderstand their other plants are shutting down in Chicago, etc. Just 20 miles south along theDelaware River, the scene couldn’t be more different, as truckers pick up cargo 4 containers on abusy Wednesday morning. Amid the hustle 5 and bustle 6 of factories and cargo ships lies Frank’srestaurant serving up breakfast and lunch to truck drivers and longshoremen in Philadelphiasince 1910. Owner Joe Trocino, whose father bought the place in 1966, says business has goneup and down with the economy over the years. Still, he is doing OK. If I give a good productand I open my business on time every day and I am here the hours I say I am going to be here,people can depend on me. And if I know they can depend on me, they are going to be repeatcustomers. Customer Kevin Kundla says nealy old workers at his marine 7 contracting companywas laid off during the 2008 recession. Commerce Construction has since bounced back. Amidall the talk of Brexit and globalization, Kundla says the United States cannot afford to go italone. I don’t believe that the U.S. should isolate 8 itself, it’s a global economy. It’s a globalworld. My son lives overseas and I travel overseas to Southeast Asia. And I’m heading thereabout 2 weeks. These debate over trade and US roll in the global economy will likely beamplified as American voters prepare to head to the polls in November.

曾几何时，费城东北方向的奥利奥工厂外有阵阵曲奇饼的香味。而如今这个味道却随着去年奥利奥工厂的迁址，和其350名员工一同消失了。我们采访了街对过的一家汽车销售服务店店主，他向我们回忆起了那段时光里他的朋友们失去工作的场景。我们看到很多人因奥利奥工厂的迁址而事业，其中不乏很多年过50的老人。他们如今可能会有第三份或者第四份工作，而过去我们的父辈一份工作就能干一辈子，会有养老金和社会保险。而如今的我们却不再有这样的保障。该店主如今在费城经营着车辆销售，他说由于税收费用和管理费用的上涨，他很有可能会巩固自己的店面。他还说，政府应该加大力度支持小企业，让卡夫食品这样的企业不必迁址到其他国家（比如墨西哥）。北美自由贸易协定允许卡夫这样的公司轻易离开美国。而曾经被许诺不会失业的人们会在短时间内被分布在不同区域工作。但我知道他们的其他厂址在墨西哥等地将关闭。

而在德拉瓦河南部20英里处的场景却截然不同，周三的清晨，人们忙着将货物集装箱装到很多卡车上。弗兰克的餐厅自1910年以来就一直在费城为这群忙碌着装箱的卡车司机和码头工人提供早餐和午餐。餐厅老板乔于1966年买下这里，餐厅的生意自那时候以来随着经济的变化而或好或坏。不过，餐厅却始终运营良好。如果我家店产品可靠，每天准时营业，诚信经营，那么客人们就会倚重我。而我知道，如果他们倚重我，他们就会成为老客户。这家餐厅的其中一位顾客凯文说，在2008年的经济危机中，几乎所有老工人都被这家海洋承包公司解雇了。生意从此一落千丈。如今人们都在谈论英国脱欧和全球化，凯文说，美国也不能独善其身。我觉得美国不能自我孤立，因为现在是全球化的经济。全球化的世界。我儿子住在国外，我经常去东南亚看他。大约两周一次。人们对贸易和美国在全球经济中的角色展开了激烈的讨论，而这些讨论都将在11月的美国总统大选中有明显的体现。