VOA常速英语2018--挪威人巧思妙招实现水产养殖可持续

Norway is one of the top ten aquaculture producers, and the industry goes to great length to secure feed for farmed fish.

挪威是十大水产养殖国之一，而其水产养殖业也是竭尽全力确保鱼食供给。

It has even sent factory ships to the other end of the earth to vacuum krill, tiny crustaceans 1 eaten by penguins 2 and whales from Antarctic waters.

挪威甚至派出许多捕鲸船去往世界的另一端，目的是捕捉磷虾和小的甲壳类动物，这些都是南极水域的企鹅和鲸鱼平时的食物。

But a couple of Norwegian companies are looking a little closer to home.

不过，还有一些挪威公司正在关注离本国近的鱼食来源。

An institute of marine 3 research team believes insects are the perfect candidate to replace traditional fish meal.

某海洋研究所认为，昆虫是传统鱼食的绝佳替代品。

Insects are so great because they can actually eat what we can’t eat, right?

昆虫是很好的鱼食，因为昆虫吃的东西，我们是不吃的，不是吗？

So you can use organic side streams out of the food industry, for example, things that can’t be used for animal feed directly or it can’t be used for human consumption, you can feed them to insects, and they eat it and convert it into protein, fat, like really high quality products.

所以，我们可以使用粮食产业之外的有机物来源，比如，不能直接作为动物饲料或人类粮食的食物，可以喂给昆虫。当进食这些昆虫后，它们可以转化为蛋白质和脂肪，都是高品质的产物。

Mealworms are never happier than when munching 4 their way through the kind of food that would make most people wrench 5.

粉虱们高兴还来不及，它们可以在人类不喜欢的食物里尽情地遨游。

The aquaculture project team also turned to the ocean for ingredients.

水产养殖项目团队也将目光转向海洋，以寻找鱼食来源。

You fed kelp to the insects and we saw that by using kelp to grow insects.

我们可以给昆虫喂食海藻，我们发现海洋可以提供鱼食，因为昆虫吃了海藻也可以长大。

We could have higher amounts of omega-3 in the larvae 6 as well as vitamin E, iodine 7, all these good things that come from the marine environment in the product, and then we use this further into fish feeds.

幼虫体内欧米伽-3的含量可以更高，维生素E、碘的含量也可以提高。这些都是海洋里的好东西，最终可以落在产品上。然后我们再用这些产品来喂鱼。

The startup CO2BIO is also looking at an aquatic 8 plant as fish feed.

初创公司CO2BIO也在想办法将水生植物作为鱼食。

It’s using carbon dioxide captured from the nation’s largest oil refinery 9 to nourish the growth of algae 10 in a greenhouse.

该公司正在通过从挪威最大炼油厂提取的二氧化碳来滋养温室中藻类的生长。

We take in this oil tube from the refinery.

这根油管是我们从炼油厂拿来的。

We are at the test center, and use that for a production of algae biomass to produce a mega tree acid for the fish industry, and that should be food for the fish and later on for their people.

我们测试中心可以用这种油管来生产藻类和生物，为渔业生产树酸。这样鱼类有了吃食，然后人类也有鱼可吃。

The transparent 11 tubes filled with warm seawater provide ideal conditions for algae to turn the gas into food, using the same process of photosynthesis 12 as other plants.

透明的管道里满是温暖的海水，可以为藻类提供理想的生存环境，将气体转化为食物，其原理跟其他植物的光合作用是一样的。

The algae is harvested, dried and processed, and like mealworms, algae can also grow with a diet of waste products, for example, on the leftover 13 products from aquaculture as the poo of the fish or fish blood and as well for municipality waste organic liquids.

人们可以收获藻类，并对其进行晒干处理。而且藻类跟粉虱一样，也可以以废品为食。比如，水产业的残余物、鱼类的粪便、鱼血、市民废弃的有机液体。

Yeah, that’s making it a lot more sustainable of humanity actually to replace the pure chemicals that we need with those waste streams as nutrients 14.

没错，这样就增强了人类的可持续性，方法就是替换掉纯粹的化学物质，转而用废品作为鱼食。

The alternative feedstocks could reduce the amount of wild caught fish needed to make fish feed, transforming an industry with a vital role in feeding the world’s growing population.

替代原料可以减少对野生鱼类的捕获，因为制作鱼食也有了其他的方法。这样可以变革水产养殖业，毕竟这个产业在供给全球上升人口的粮食中发挥了重要作用。