赖世雄高级美国英语 lesson 26添加文本
时间：2018-12-08 作者：英语课 分类：赖世雄高级美国英语
Hello everybody, welcome again to Radio English on Sunday.
This is Bruce,
/ and this is Peter.
/ Today on two hundred fourteen of your book, we begin twenty six, Berries: Nature's Natural Desserts.
/...
/ Berries! I love berries. I love them so much that I want to share some information about (them with?) you. These really are nature's natural desserts, and we are going to find out quite a bit about them today; everything from some scientific information about them to how to use them, and that means how they eat them and enjoy them.
Let's take a look now, at the first paragraph.
The last child has left the house for school. The table is clean and neatly 1 set, and the coffee is brewing 3. The cool orange juice stands like a sentry 4 over the tableware. Mother sits down, pours cereal into a bowl, and sprinkles it lightly with sugar. She is then ready for the final masterpiece. She carefully spoons precut ruby 5 red strawberries onto the mound 6 of golden corn flakes 8. Pouring ivory-white mild over the concoction 9, Mother smiles to herself. An attractive, nutritious 10 breakfast fit for a queeen.
______sentry, n, 岗哨，
tableware, 餐具，
ivory, n, 象牙，
cereal: n, 谷类，
flake 7, n, v, 薄片，2，火星，火花，
/ Mmm-huh. :P
/ Like your mother.
/ Yeah.
/ Ok, this is a just for fun paragraph. This will be a very American type of breakfast. Many American women first take care of their husbands and children, and then sit themselves down to enjoy their own breakfast quietly at home, if they are not also working. So we have a picture here of a way a woman might treat herself, after working hard in the morning to get everybody else ready; she wants to have a treat, and for her it is a bowl of cereal. The cereal this morning is corn flakes, and we traditionally add a little sugar, some milk and then very often a kind of fruit and the fruit we have here is strawberries, which are often ruby red; they are a very red color, like a cherry red color. And this idea is to show how attractive the breakfast can be.
/ mulberries, 桑椹,
/ Right, but that's not for people to eat; that's for the Chinese silkworm to eat.
/ ..it's very organic, 对身体很棒，
/ Mmm, it's more like a berry or a nut?
/ Uhh, more like a berry. Actually.
/ Give me some.
/ Mmm,
/ ..(break some in?)
/ Mm, maybe next time.
/ But first of all a miser 11, ..
Ok, let's go ahead.
Most people around the world are now familiar with and can enjoy strawberries, but few are familiar with other more exotic berries such as the goose berry, blackberry and raspberry. Indeed, even fewer people realize what the word "berry" technically 12 refers to. The berry of the botanist 13 and the berry of the pulic are often two quite different fruits.
This prargraph introduces many kinds of exotic berries that I think most of our listeners don't know about because I don't think these grow in Asia, goose berry, blackberry, raspberry. Again, blackberry, raspberry, (two different pronunciations, are both right.) These are fruits which are common in north America, and I think in Europe also, but I've never seen them here in Asia, and we'll find out why in a moment. These are exotic berries, they are even common especially the goose-berry. Even many north Americans have never tried it before, but it's very sour, it's delicious. A goose-berry we used to collect as children ourselves out in the parks and woodlands. Well, the berry of the botanist, that is people who study plants, their idea of what a berry is and we, the public, who are not scientists, our idea of what a berry is, are quite different, and we'll find out why in the next paragraph.
/ botany, 植物学，--> botanist, ---> botanical garden,
/ And after this in some countries you'll see garden and another gardens, and it's not the "错误？", some people prefer the singular and some the plural 14.
Continuing now to find out how scientists think of berries.
Those whose speciality is plant define a berry is a simple, fleshy fruit with a thin wall and many seeds. Under this classification are several surprises. One would expect that cranberries 15 are berries, of course, but less obvious numbers of this class are dates, grapes, tomatoes, and even potatoes, bananas and asparagus. Indeed, according to botanists 16, some popular berries are not true berries at all. Experts in plant life consider the blueberry an "inferior berry", and strawberry, raspberry and blackberry and "aggregate 17 fleshy fruit. " However, no matter how scientists call them, most people think of berries as small, round, sweet and delicious fruits.
The first part of the paragraph tell us about botanists, people who are experts in plant life; they consider by science a certain kind of food to be a berry. It must have a thin wall, containing many seeds and so on. That's a fleshy food, they call it, which means that we could eat it, and this includes even bananas, which really surprises me. But if you think about it, I don't know, but it has a thin skin, but it hasn't a lot of seeds, and it's very fleshy, on the other hand, blueberries which to me is a berry, are considered the so-called "inferior berry" by botanists, and strawberries, raspberries and blackberries are certainly berries to most people, but to botanists are "aggregate fleshy fruits" and not true berries.
But in the last sentence we find out, it really doesn't matter how scientists consider berries to be, people, the public, thinks of berries as small, round, sweet and delicious fruits.
/ specialty 18, ---> speciality, 差不多. 在餐馆的时候，我们常常问，你们这儿有什么特色菜？
/ What's your house special?
/ or what's your specialty?
/ Yeah,
/ Both right.
/ ..house special.
/ Yeah, usually on the menu you can see "the house special" or "specials", if it's a larger restaurant, those are the dishes the restaurant is proud of.
/ 上面的special当作名词来看，
Ok, continuing now on the next page. 09:26
Berries such as strawberries, black berries, raspberries, and blue berries, prefer cool and moist growing conditions. Though they rarely thrive in tropical conditions, they can be grown on the side of taller hills and mountains there. Several species of wildlife forage 19 for berries, the largest of these being the bear. Some smaller mammals and birds, too, enjoy berries, not to mention people. Wild berries are noticeably smaller than their domesticated 21 cousins, but many people prefer the full, rich taste of freshly picked forest berries.
So here we find again the berries, which most people, which the public thinks of as berries, they often grow in cooler and moist conditions; they don't like hot and dry conditions, for example, and in the tropics, we of course find very moist but also very hot conditions. But if we have tall hills or mountains, we sometimes find berries growing on the side of these mountains, especially in forests. Not only people like berries, many mammals, including the (bigle) bear, they love berries, so do many birds. Now people like all kinds of berries, but often wild berries are tastier than their domesticated cousins; this refers to fruits which are grown, as a specialty, by certain kinds of farmers, who produce much larger fruits, but people often perfer the natural taste in fruit from the forest, even though they are much smaller.
/ though they rarely thrive in tropical conditions, 这个condition这里当“情况，条件”用，注意可以加s.
但 the patient is in stable condition 的时候，不能加s.
当表示“在。。。条件下，如果。。”的时候，用 on condition that,
Hey, well, if you want a car, I can buy you one on condition that your sister marries me.
/ Right. My sister just called me, and told me to walk.
/ What's the meaning for that?
/ Well, she doesn't want to marry you, so you don't have to buy me a car.
We often use this "condition" as Peter said, in condition, if a person is in good condition, we often think the person is healthy and strong, neither too fat nor too thin, if you are in good condition.
Now let's continue.
Besides being a condiment 22 of breakfast cereals, are there any other uses for berries? Westerners make good use of their local fruits. Jellies, jams, and preserves can be easily made with berries gelatin and sugar. These three sweetened foods differ only in the process used to make them. Jellies are made from the juice of a fruit, jams from the thoroughly 23 crushed fruit, and preserves from the partially 24 crushed or cut fruit. They are all equally delicious.
On the first page we, in the first paragraph, we took a look at one use of a berry, the strawberry, as a breakfast cereal (topping). Now we find that there are other uses for berries: jellies, jams, and preserves. These are sometimes confusing, I know, especially to my friends here. They sometimes ask me, well, I bought a jar of jam from Europe and jar of jellies from the US, is there any difference? Well, yes and no. We use the same ingredients, berries, gelatin and sugar, but we process them differently. For jelly, you squeeze the fruit and use the juice; for jams, you can use that squeezed fruit itself, and for preserves, you don't even have to squeeze the fruit; you can chop it, or maybe mash 25 it, just a little bit, so that you can see what fruit you are eating when you have a jar of preserves.
/ jelly, 就是我们常说的“果冻”. jam, 果酱。preserves, n, 蜜饯.
不过这个preserve是可以当动词用的，the food needs to be preserved in the refrigerator.
conserve 26, 节约使用(水，电, energy, ) to economize 27,
We should learn to conserve water. 这时候可不能说preserve,
_________词典上说蜜饯也可以用conserves来说的。
Ok, let's continue and finish this page.
Berries are also used in baked goods. Pies and tarts 29 often contain berries, as do many other pastries 30. These small fruits are also added into cakes and even breads, especially after drying. In addition, the concentrated juice of berries can be used to make cool summer drinks. Concentrated further, various syrups 32 can be added to foods as diverse as pancakes and ice cream. As flavorings, they are often added to candies and chocolates. In western cuisine 33, life would be less sweet and interesting without the humble 34 berry.
Well, we can use berries besides as a (topping put cereal), jellies, jams and preserves, many ways in western cooking. Baked goods wouldn't be the same without these berries. Pies, we have all kinds of pies, and tarts, a tart 28 is a smaller..a tart is like a small pie actually; pie is big enough for maybe four to eight people to eat, and a tart is only big enough for one person to eat but basically it's the same thing. There are both kinds of pastries; there are too many kinds of pastries to talk about, too many kinds in many different countries in many different western countries. You might also find dried berries in cakes, and bread. And we can use the juice of berries for great drinks. If we concentrate the juice, down to a thick sauce we call that syrup 31, and we can put syrup on pancakes and ice cream. Or, we can add the flavor or the syrup to candies and chocolates. It'll be hard for you to pass even a month without having some kinds of berries used as flavoring in western food.
/ Mmm, speaking of "syrup", in Canada or (Lasca 地名) ..maple 35 syrup, or (Bruch) syrup, ..
/ I haven't had that yet.
Ok, well, those aren't berries but those are syrups, but you can't find a lot of syrups like (Lubery) syrup, to add as a flavoring.
Let's finish up now on the next page.
For some people, though, berries are bes eaten fresh. They say that after washing and refrigerating, simply place it generous portion of berries into a cereal bowl, add chilled milk and top with sugar. Enjoy! As the season for berries is usually in the summer and fall, this snack or dessert really hits the spot! For those who do not live where berries grow naturally and plentifully 37, these natural dessert fruits can be enjoyed while visiting these areas lucky enough to have them.
Not everyone in the world is lucky enough to enjoy berries. Those of us, in north America and Europe, where berries are plentiful 36, especially in the summer and fall, we can enjoy them. And besides cooking them or processing them as we told you on the previous page, we can eat them fresh. Now here we wouldn't say "raw". We usually use the word "raw" when we refer to meat or sea food which we usually cook, but we usually don't cook fruit. So here we don't say "raw fruit"; we say "fresh fruit".
/ fresh 通常指植物. This kind of fruit should be eaten fresh.
raw 通常指的是肉，注意，食物的料理通常把形容词放在后面，I enjoy eating fish raw. 而 I enjoy eating raw fish, 是指鱼拿来就放嘴巴里，不可以的，
)______raw---> ripe,
/ I can remember my grandfather in his very very big garden, ..don't be a flower garden but vegetable garden. It had a row of blueberry bushes against the barn house, and I would go out there to pick fresh blueberries in the late summer, go back into the house, wash them, refrigerate them for just an hour, because it's quite small, and these were almost wild blueberries. And add milk and a little sugar. Heaven! Heaven! The best taste in the world. And that's how many westerners appreciate eating berries.
/ to hit the spot.
/ Well, if you work all day outside and you are hot and then in the evening you want to cool down, for me, a cold beer hits the spot. It's a perfect thing to enjoy at particular time.
Well, let's go back and read about berries from the beginning, our nature's natural desserts.
/ ..and the coffee is brewing, 煮coffee的煮用brew 2这个字。千万不要说cooking,
The guests are coming anytime, so fix coffee please, or make coffee please.
to fix tea, to make tea, to prepare tea, all are right.
/ That's it for today talking about food. Join us next week as we ...
_________________Pan. 2003. 8.
Unit 26 Berries: Nature's Natural Desserts
浆果－－－大自然的天然点心
The last child has left the house for school. The table is clean and neatly set, and the coffee is brewing. The cool orange juice stands like a sentry over the tableware. Mother sits down, pours cereal into a bowl, and sprinkles it lightly with sugar. She is then ready for the final masterpiece. She carefully spoons precut ruby red strawberries onto the mound of golden corn flakes. Pouring ivory-white mild over the concoction, Mother smiles to herself. An attractive, nutritious breakfast fit for a queen.
Most people around the world are now familiar with and can enjoy strawberries, but few are familiar with other more exotic berries, such as the goose-berry, blackberry, and raspberry. Indeed, even fewer people realize what the word berry technically refers to. The berry of the botanist and the berry of the public are often two quite different fruits.
Those whose specialty is plants define a berry as a simple, fleshy fruit with a thin wall and many seeds. Under this classification are several surprises. One would expect that cranberries are berries, of course, but less obvious members of this class are dates, grapes, tomatoes, and even potatoes, bananas, and asparagus! Indeed, according to botanists, some popular "berries" are not true berries at all. Experts in plant life consider the blueberry an "inferior berry" and the strawberry, raspberry, and blackberry and "aggregate fleshy fruit". However, no matter how scientists call them, most people think of berries as small, round, sweet, and delicious fruits.
Berries such as strawberries, blackberries, raspberries, and blueberries prefer cool and moist growing conditions. Though they rarely thrive in tropical conditions, they can be grown on the sides of taller hills and mountains there. Several species of wildlife forage for berries, the largest of these being the bear. Some smaller mammals and birds, too, enjoy berries, not to mention people. Wild berries are noticeably smaller than their domesticated cousins, but many people prefer the full, rich taste of freshly picked forest berries.
Besides being a condiment of breakfast cereals, are there any other uses for berries? Westerners make good use of their local fruits. Jellies, jams, and preserves can be easily made with berries, gelatin, and sugar. These three sweetened foods differ only in the process used to make them. Jellies are made from the juice of a fruit, jams from the thoroughly crushed fruit, and preserves from the partially crushed or cut fruit. They are all equally delicious!
Berries are also used in baked goods. Pies and tarts often contain berries as do many other pastries. These small fruits are also added into cakes and even breads, especially after drying. In addition, the concentrated juice of berries can be used to make cool summer drinks. Concentrated further, various syrups can be added to foods as diverse as pancakes and ice cream. As flavorings, they are often added to candies and chocolates. In Western cuisine, life would be less sweet and interesting without the humble berry.
For some people, though, berries are best eaten fresh. They say that after washing and refrigerating, simply place a generous portion of berries into a cereal bowl, add chilled milk, and top with sugar. Enjoy! As the season for berries is usually in the summer and fall, this snack or dessert really hits the spot. For those who do not live where berries grow naturally and plentifully, these natural dessert fruits can be enjoyed while visiting those area lucky enough to have them.
brew: (茶或咖啡）冲好，泡开，v,泡（茶），冲（咖啡），
Old Mr. Chen brewed 38 the tea a long time before serving it to his guests.
sentry, n, 哨兵，岗哨
sprinkle: v, 撒，洒，
If you add salt to your food, sprinkle it; don't pour it on.
To scatter 39 in drops or particles:
洒，撒以水珠或颗粒状散射：
sprinkled sugar on the cereal.
谷物的粒状糖体
To scatter drops or particles on.
把液体或颗粒洒在…上
To intersperse 40 with something as if by scattering 41:
点缀通过或仿佛通过…来点缀：
sprinkled his speech with quotations 42.
用引证点缀演讲
To distribute or intersperse at random 43.
随意分配星星点点地随机分布
sprinkle
v.intr.
To scatter something in drops or particles.
洒，撒以水滴或颗粒状的方式散射
To fall or rain in small or infrequent drops.
落下以小而继续的水滴落下或
botanist: 植物学家
domesticated: adj, 驯服的，驯养的，
do.mes.ti.cat.ed; do.mes.ti.cat.ing; do.mes.ti.cates;
To cause to feel comfortable at home; make domestic.
使爱家使在家感觉舒适；使爱家
To adopt or make fit for domestic use or life.
适应家庭生活适应或适合家庭使用或家庭生活
To train or adapt (an animal or a plant) to live in a human environment and be of use to human beings.
驯养驯化动植物从而使其在人类环境中生存并造福于人
To introduce and accustom 44 (an animal or a plant) into another region; naturalize.
引进把植物或动物引进一个地区并使之适应；自然化
To bring down to the level of the ordinary person.
使通俗化使下降到普通人的水准
domesticate 20
[dE5mestikeit]
vt.
使归化; 采用(异族风俗等)
使喜爱家居, 使专注于家务
驯养(动物); 驯化(动植物)
使通俗化
Domesticated pigs are much larger than wild boars.
condiment: n, 调味品，佐料
preserve, 当名词用时表示“蜜饯”，用复数式。preserves.
in the process (of) ... 在。。。过程中，在。。。进行中，
Currently, I am in the process of applying to Harvard.
concentrated: adj, 浓缩的，
hit the spot (食物、饮料）令人满意，恰到好处，正合要求，
A cold beer on a hot summer day really hits the spot!
- Sailors know how to wind up a long rope neatly.水手们知道怎样把一条大绳利落地缠好。
- The child's dress is neatly gathered at the neck.那孩子的衣服在领口处打着整齐的皱褶。
- Let's brew up some more tea.咱们沏些茶吧。
- The policeman dispelled the crowd lest they should brew trouble.警察驱散人群，因恐他们酿祸。
- They often stood sentry on snowy nights.他们常常在雪夜放哨。
- The sentry challenged anyone approaching the tent.哨兵查问任一接近帐篷的人。
- She is wearing a small ruby earring.她戴着一枚红宝石小耳环。
- On the handle of his sword sat the biggest ruby in the world.他的剑柄上镶有一颗世上最大的红宝石。
- The explorers climbed a mound to survey the land around them.勘探者爬上土丘去勘测周围的土地。
- The mound can be used as our screen.这个土丘可做我们的掩蔽物。
- Drain the salmon,discard the skin,crush the bones and flake the salmon with a fork.将鲑鱼沥干，去表皮，粉碎鱼骨并用餐叉子将鱼肉切成小薄片状。
- The paint's beginning to flake.油漆开始剥落了。
- It's snowing in great flakes. 天下着鹅毛大雪。
- It is snowing in great flakes. 正值大雪纷飞。
- She enjoyed the concoction of foreign dishes.她喜欢调制外国菜。
- His story was a sheer concoction.他的故事实在是一纯属捏造之事。
- Fresh vegetables are very nutritious.新鲜蔬菜富于营养。
- Hummingbirds have discovered that nectar and pollen are very nutritious.蜂鸟发现花蜜和花粉是很有营养的。
- The miser doesn't like to part with his money.守财奴舍不得花他的钱。
- The demon of greed ruined the miser's happiness.贪得无厌的恶习毁掉了那个守财奴的幸福。
- Technically it is the most advanced equipment ever.从技术上说，这是最先进的设备。
- The tomato is technically a fruit,although it is eaten as a vegetable.严格地说，西红柿是一种水果，尽管它是当作蔬菜吃的。
- The botanist introduced a new species of plant to the region.那位植物学家向该地区引入了一种新植物。
- I had never talked with a botanist before,and I found him fascinating.我从没有接触过植物学那一类的学者，我觉得他说话极有吸引力。
- Most plural nouns in English end in's '.英语的复数名词多以s结尾。
- Here you should use plural pronoun.这里你应该用复数代词。
- The tart flavour of the cranberries adds piquancy. 越橘的酸味很可口。
- Look at the fresh cranberries. 你看这些新鲜的蔓越橘。 来自无师自通 校园英语会话
- Botanists had some difficulty categorizing the newly found plant. 植物学家们不大容易确定这种新发现的植物的种类。 来自辞典例句
- Botanists refer this flower to the rose family. 植物学家将这花归入蔷薇科。 来自辞典例句
- The football team had a low goal aggregate last season.这支足球队上个赛季的进球总数很少。
- The money collected will aggregate a thousand dollars.进帐总额将达一千美元。
- Shell carvings are a specialty of the town.贝雕是该城的特产。
- His specialty is English literature.他的专业是英国文学。
- They were forced to forage for clothing and fuel.他们不得不去寻找衣服和燃料。
- Now the nutritive value of the forage is reduced.此时牧草的营养价值也下降了。
- Many thousand years ago people learned how to domesticate animals.数千年以前人们就学会了饲养动物。
- If you domesticate this raccoon,it will have trouble living in the wild.如果你驯养这只浣熊，它生活在野外将会有困难。
- He is thoroughly domesticated and cooks a delicious chicken casserole. 他精于家务，烹制的砂锅炖小鸡非常可口。 来自《简明英汉词典》
- The donkey is a domesticated form of the African wild ass. 驴是非洲野驴的一种已驯化的品种。 来自《简明英汉词典》
- It has long been a precious condiment.它一直都是一种珍贵的调味料。
- Fish sauce is a traditional fermented condiment in coastal areas.鱼露是沿海地区的传统发酵调味品。
- The soil must be thoroughly turned over before planting.一定要先把土地深翻一遍再下种。
- The soldiers have been thoroughly instructed in the care of their weapons.士兵们都系统地接受过保护武器的训练。
- The door was partially concealed by the drapes.门有一部分被门帘遮住了。
- The police managed to restore calm and the curfew was partially lifted.警方设法恢复了平静，宵禁部分解除。
- He beat the potato into a mash before eating it.他把马铃薯捣烂后再吃。
- Whiskey,originating in Scotland,is distilled from a mash of grains.威士忌源于苏格兰，是从一种大麦芽提纯出来的。
- He writes on both sides of the sheet to conserve paper.他在纸张的两面都写字以节省用纸。
- Conserve your energy,you'll need it!保存你的精力，你会用得着的！
- We're going to have to economize from now on. 从现在开始，我们不得不节约开支。
- We have to economize on water during the dry season. 我们在旱季不得不节约用水。
- She was learning how to make a fruit tart in class.她正在课上学习如何制作水果馅饼。
- She replied in her usual tart and offhand way.她开口回答了，用她平常那种尖酸刻薄的声调随口说道。
- I decided to make some tarts for tea. 我决定做些吃茶点时吃的果馅饼。 来自《简明英汉词典》
- They ate raspberry tarts and ice cream. 大家吃着木莓馅饼和冰淇淋。 来自辞典例句
- He gave a dry laugh, then sat down and started on the pastries. 杜新箨说着干笑一声，坐下去就吃点心。 来自子夜部分
- Mike: So many! I like Xijiang raisins, beef jerky, and local pastries. 麦克：太多了。我最喜欢吃新疆葡萄干、牛肉干和风味点心。
- I skimmed the foam from the boiling syrup.我撇去了煮沸糖浆上的泡沫。
- Tinned fruit usually has a lot of syrup with it.罐头水果通常都有许多糖浆。
- A variety of cocktails were created all using Monin syrups and purees. 我们用莫林糖浆和果泥创作了许多鸡尾酒。 来自互联网
- Other applications include fruit juices, flavors, and sugar syrups. 其它的应用包括水果汁、香精和糖浆。 来自互联网
- This book is the definitive guide to world cuisine.这本书是世界美食的权威指南。
- This restaurant is renowned for its cuisine.这家餐馆以其精美的饭菜而闻名。
- In my humble opinion,he will win the election.依我拙见，他将在选举中获胜。
- Defeat and failure make people humble.挫折与失败会使人谦卑。
- Maple sugar is made from the sap of maple trees.枫糖是由枫树的树液制成的。
- The maple leaves are tinge with autumn red.枫叶染上了秋天的红色。
- Their family has a plentiful harvest this year.他们家今年又丰收了。
- Rainfall is plentiful in the area.这个地区雨量充足。
- The visitors were plentifully supplied with food and drink. 给来宾准备了丰富的食物和饮料。
- The oil flowed plentifully at first, but soon ran out. 起初石油大量涌出，但很快就枯竭了。
- The beer is brewed in the Czech Republic. 这种啤酒是在捷克共和国酿造的。
- The boy brewed a cup of coffee for his mother. 这男孩给他妈妈冲了一杯咖啡。 来自《简明英汉词典》
- You pile everything up and scatter things around.你把东西乱堆乱放。
- Small villages scatter at the foot of the mountain.村庄零零落落地散布在山脚下。
- Intersperse exclamation marks in the text.在文章中加进一些感叹号。
- You should intersperse colorful anecdotes about your experience with perceptive queries about the vacancy.讲述自己的经历时应该加入一些有声有色的轶事，中间巧妙穿插对所应聘职位的询问。
- The child felle into a rage and began scattering its toys about. 这孩子突发狂怒，把玩具扔得满地都是。 来自《简明英汉词典》
- The farmers are scattering seed. 农夫们在播种。 来自《简明英汉词典》
- The insurance company requires three quotations for repairs to the car. 保险公司要修理这辆汽车的三家修理厂的报价单。 来自《简明英汉词典》
- These quotations cannot readily be traced to their sources. 这些引语很难查出出自何处。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》