英语听力文摘 English Digest 237、大豆和前列腺

　　Prostate and Soy

吃大豆有什么好处？大豆对男性的好处主要体现在保护前列腺上。撒且尔教授指出，研究显示，每天喝一杯豆奶，男性得前列腺癌的风险能降低30%；喝两杯，则能把风险降低70%。跟肉类相比，豆类蛋白质丰富而不含胆固醇。对人体不利的饱和脂肪酸含量很低，对健康更为有利。很多男性非常爱惜自己的身材，豆类中丰富的蛋白质能够对肌肉起到营养补充的作用，加强健身的效果。研究显示，每天喝一杯豆奶，男性得前列腺癌的风险能降低30%；喝两杯，则能把风险降低70%。他解释，这主要是因为在人们食用大豆及其制品之后，肠中会分解一种物质，这种物质能够抑制乙羟基睾丸素的形成，该睾丸素很有可能会导致前列腺癌。这种物质还可以防止脱发，对于那些有脱发趋向的男性来说，这无疑是个福音。

　　Learn about yet another benefit to eating soy, on this Moment of Science.

What about some of this tofu salad?Why are you pushing (1)soy food on me?Because it turns out that there is yet another benefit to consuming soy, and this benefit is for men specifically. When digested, soy creates a molecule(分子) called equol(雌马酚), which blocks the male hormone 1 dihydrotestosterone(二氢睾酮), otherwise known as DHT(双氢睾丸酮).

Testosterone(睾酮) does serve important functions, but DHT is not so desirable, considering its involvement in prostate cancer(前列腺癌). The (2)pharmaceutical 2 industry has focused a lot of energy into developing drugs to do what soy does naturally. Except the problem is that the drugs created to fight prostate cancer don’t just affect DHT, but they affect testosterone too.

These drugs (3)inhibit 3 testosterone from (4)converting into DHT. In doing so, they not only reduce the harmful effects of male hormones 4, but they reduce the beneficial effects of these hormones too.

Common side effects of these drugs include reduced libido(性欲), impotence(阳痿), decrease in muscle strength, and an increased risk of osteoporosis(骨质疏松症). What’s so promising 5 about soy is that it doesn’t prevent the conversion 6 of testosterone into DHT, but instead blocks DHT from functioning once it’s made.

The result is that soy prevents DHT from doing its damage without blocking the beneficial effects of male hormones. Scientists think that because of its effects on DHT, soy may prove beneficial in treating other conditions (5)associated with DHT, such as male pattern baldness(秃顶).

译文：

大豆和前列腺

来点豆腐沙拉怎么样呢？你为什么要让我吃大豆食品呢？因为事实证明，食用大豆还有另外一个好处，特别对于男性来说。当被消化后，大豆会产生一种叫做雌马酚的分子。这种分子能够阻碍雄性激素二氢睾酮，或者称为双氢睾丸酮 。

睾酮发挥着重要的作用，但是双氢睾丸酮却不令人满意，因为它与前列腺癌有着紧密的联系。医药工业投入了大量的精力来研发与有着大豆自然功能的药物。但问题是治疗前列腺癌的药物不仅影响双氢睾丸酮，也同样会影响睾酮。

这些药物能够抑制睾酮转变为二氢睾酮。胆这样做的同时，它们不仅减少了雄性激素的有害影响，也降低了这些激素的有利影响。

这些药物常见的副作用包括性欲减退，阳萎，肌肉强度下降，以及骨质疏松症的风险增加。给人以希望的是尽管大豆不能阻止睾酮转变为二氢睾酮，可是一旦其形成，大豆就可以阻止它发挥作用。

其结果是大豆在不阻碍雄性激素有利影响的情况下也能阻止双氢睾丸酮的破坏。科学家认为，鉴于对二氢睾酮的影响，大豆可能在治疗其它与二氢睾酮有关的疾病上也能发挥有益作用，例如男性秃顶。

Notes:

(1)soy [s?i] n.大豆；酱油

(2)pharmaceutical [,fɑ:m?'sju:tik?l] adj.制药（学）的 n.药物

Pharmaceutical Reference Prices How do They Work in Practice?

药物参考价格实际中他们如何起作用？

(3)inhibit [in'hibit] vt.抑制；禁止

When this glass coating contact with sea water, it releases copper 7 ions which inhibit adhesion of sea creatures.

当此玻璃涂层与海水接触时，释放出的铜离子阻止海洋生物附着在涂层上。

(4)convert into 使转变；把…转化成；折合

At what rate does the dollar convert into pounds?

美元以什么汇率兑换成英镑?

(5)associated with 与…有关系；与…相联系

Cannot specify 8 tables to truncate 9 for this template. There is no database associated with this team solution.

不能为该模板指定要截断的表。没有与该小组解决方案关联的数据库。