四级语法超浓缩版！－－主谓一致和倒装

 　　主谓一致

　　1、 不可数，抽象名词，物质名词（食物，材料，气体，液体）后用单数
　　2、 下列词后用单数动词：either, neither, each(of) ,no one,another ,the other, each one, something, nothing, anything, everything, everybody, everyone, nobody,
　　注意：each:放在句首：动词用单数
　　each:放在句末：动词与名词和代词一致
　　3、上述的单词用and连接，谓语仍用单数
　　No teacher and no student is allowed to go in.
　　Every hour and every minute is precious 1 to us.
　　Each boy and each girl was a new book..
　　3、 表时间，重量，长度，价值，书名，学科名，或作为整体看的主语，后接单数动词。
　　注意：portion 2, section,指整体的一部分，后面的动词用单数
　　proportion，part，half后接复数名词，动词用复数
　　The iron 3 an steel industry is the key link in our country.
　　Three weeks was allowed for making the preparations.
　　“Tales From the Shakspeare” is a bood by Charles.
　　5、下列引导词的短语，可作为插入语，不影响谓语动词的单复数：with, together with, like, but, as well as, rather than,
　　No one but Liming 4 and Wangming was there.
　　An expert, together with some workers,was sent to help in this week.
　　6、and连接的对象不同，动词的单复数不同（一个冠词修饰用单数动词，两个冠词修饰用复数动词）
　　The writer and poet is going to give us a lecture.
　　A cart 5 and a horse are seem in the distance.
　　7、动词的单复数与靠近动词的主语一致（就近原则）
　　or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, there be句型
　　Not only the students but also the teacher was in the classroom.
　　There is a pen, a ruler, and, some books on the desk..
　　8、people，police，glasses，clothes，cattle只用复数
　　9、分数（百分数）+of+名（代），谓语和“名（代）”保持一致
　　Three fourths of its surface of the earth is sea.
　　It’s said that 40 percent of the doctors are women.
　　10、many+复数名词+复数动词
　　many+a+单数名词+单数动词
　　11、the +adj.表示一类人，用复数动词，表示一类物，用单数动词
　　12、both…and连接并列成分时，谓语用复数
　　13、none of+复数名词，谓语可单可复
　　14、量词词组做主语时，谓语和量词一致
　　a piece of……is
　　two pieces of……are
　　15、some+不可数名词/可数单数：谓语用单数
　　some+可数复数：谓语用复数
　　倒装
　　1、 副词放在句首引起倒装：here，there，now，out，in，away，down，then，blew……
　　Here comes the professor!
　　Then comes the bus!
　　Out went the children.
　　注意：上述情况中，如果主语是人称代词，主谓不倒装
　　Away he went.
　　Here it is.
　　2、作状语的短语前置+主谓倒装
　　Under the big tree was an old man.
　　Outside te classroom stood a boy
　　注意：介词短语表明明确地点，不用倒装.
　　In Berlin I met her
　　3、由as引起的让步状语从句，as——虽然，尽管，强调的部分要倒装
　　Young as he was, the boy could speak well.
　　Poor as he was, he was honest.
　　4、要用助动词引起倒装(有连词的，前面倒装后面不倒装)
　　① 否定前置：never, hardly, seldom, barely 6, sarcely, little, not only, neither, nor, no sooner…than…,=hardly…when…,=scarcely…when…,never before, not until(一…就)
　　No sooner had I reached home than it began to rain.
　　I don’t kown where he lives, neither(nor) does he.
　　②only 当修饰词做状语，要倒装.only修饰主语时，不倒装。
　　Only this mornint did I hear the sad news.
　　Not only the students, but also the teacher was in the room.(修饰主语)
　　③ so引起的倒装
　　I can speak English. So can my brother.
　　She enjoys teaching 7 English. So does my sister.
　　注意：当前后主语一样时，不倒装，只表强调
　　It was cold. So it was.
　　Mary is a student. So she is.
　　4、 其他一些要强调的词前置+倒装
　　Well do I remember the stories.
　　Many a time has he given us good advice.
　　So loudly did he speak that everybody could hear him.
　　May you return in safety!(祝你平安)