时间:2019-02-17 作者:英语课 分类:经济学人财经系列


英语课

   The next year it hit 5.4% even as unemployment changed little. 第二年,甚至在失业变化不大的情况下达到了5.4%。


  The “stagflation” of the 1970s killed off the idea of a stable Phillips curve. 上世纪70年代“滞张”(stagflation)曾一度让稳定的菲利普斯曲线的思想销声匿迹。
  Successive shocks to oil prices, in 1973 and 1979, sent both inflation and unemployment surging. 1973年和1979年对油价的接二连三的冲击令通胀和失业双双飙升。
  In 1975 both were above 8%; in 1980 inflation hit 13.5% even as unemployment exceeded 7%. 1975年,两者双双高于8%;1980年,通胀甚至在纵然失业超过7%的情况下达到了13.5%。
  The idea of the NAIRU looked a little shaky, too; inflation was meant to fall so long as unemployment was too high. NAIRU的思想也看上去有点动摇了;只要失业过高,通胀本来一定是会下跌的。
  But Friedman's followers 1 could argue that bad supply-side policies, in conjunction with the oil-price shocks, had pushed the NAIRU up. 但是,弗里德曼的追随者却可能指出,差劲的供给侧政策,加之油价冲击波,推高了NAIRU。
  Around the same time, however, the concept of the NAIRU came under attack from theorists. 然而,在大至同一时间,NAIRU的概念却遭到了来自理论专家们的攻击。
  It was built, in part, on the idea that inflation expectations are “adaptive” : to predict inflation, firms and workers look at its current value. 这种攻击部分地基于通胀预期是“自适应的”(adaptive)观点。
  But the doctrine 2 of “rational expectations” decreed that firms and consumers would, to the greatest extent possible, anticipate policymakers' actions. 即,为预测通胀,公司和工人关心的通胀的当前价值。但是,“理性预期”的原则断定,公司和消费者会在可能的最大限度内预测决策者的行动。
  Whenever the public suspected that central bankers would try to push employment below the natural rate, inflation would rise immediately. 当公众怀疑央行银行家试图把就业率推低至自然比率之下时,通胀立刻就会上升。
  On the other hand, a credible 3 promise not to seek any unsustainable jobs booms should keep inflation under control, simply by “anchoring” expectations. 从另一个角度来说,某种可信的不去寻求任何不可持续的就业繁荣的承诺,单靠“锚定”预期,应当能让通胀俯首帖耳。

追随者( follower的名词复数 ); 用户; 契据的附面; 从动件
  • the followers of Mahatma Gandhi 圣雄甘地的拥护者
  • The reformer soon gathered a band of followers round him. 改革者很快就获得一群追随者支持他。
n.教义;主义;学说
  • He was impelled to proclaim his doctrine.他不得不宣扬他的教义。
  • The council met to consider changes to doctrine.宗教议会开会考虑更改教义。
adj.可信任的,可靠的
  • The news report is hardly credible.这则新闻报道令人难以置信。
  • Is there a credible alternative to the nuclear deterrent?是否有可以取代核威慑力量的可靠办法?
标签: 经济学人
学英语单词
98
acidity
aerosol food
afghanistani
alloy irons
antibiolumphin
ashpan blower valve
automatic assembly
avi cable
bakeout degassing clamp
birchleaf pear
body-curved disease
bodywood
bottom relief map
Bozeman's position
bridge cloth
bullock blocks
bushing electric
call accepted signal
chondriomere
Cirbanal
close set
color constants
comebackers
commodity wastage
correptions
courier bag
Cunaxa
departmentation by process or equipment
electronic fire-control equipment
element name
encoded fields
end of astronomical evening twilight
engine pod
ensampling
epss network
featurism
ferret distemper virus
fiber-map
full electronic switching
gallucci
general-purpose diagnostic program
geographical north
geospatial engineering
glowfly
haberse
hardware stage
hexagonal mirror
hot penetration construction
Hudsonian godwit
Immobilon
interstitial distance (mather 1936)
investigation on audience
Krasnaya Polyana
layer-wound solenoid
leather loader
limestone neutralization treatment
maximal tubular excretory capacity
melanedema
natural rate of unemployment
nerr
non-coplanar transfer
norvasc
nosedives
OMR (optical mark reader)
optically positive
over bridges
partner with
Pashtunwali
patung series
paving stone degeneration of retina
permanent magnet moving coil meter
pivoted bucket carrier
plantar spaces
plunged into
prince fumimaro konoyes
prodan
psychoanalytical theory
Pterocles
pyrophoric lead
raw material of woodcharcaol
roller chamfer
schwab
Scythians
sequentially-lobed radar
signal smoke
signe de peau d'orange
slugft
So it goes
sp vol
spin space
Stackelberg decision theory
swansea
tandem electrostatic generator
terry swatch
the leaflets of the trifoliolate leaves
topochemical control
variable acceptance sampling
viscosity model
Warenford
weighing-appliance
zeomorphis