经济学人:英国税收 去往何处(2)
时间:2019-02-17 作者:英语课 分类:经济学人综合
英语课
Departments can make efficiency improvements up to a point, but eventually ever-smaller budgets make it difficult to provide core services. 部门可以将效率提高到一个点,但最终规模较小的预算难以提供核心服务。
From prisons to the National Health Service, measures of performance started to go south from around 2014, 从监狱到国家卫生服务机构,绩效指标从2014年左右开始上升。
according to a recent report from the Institute for Government, a think-tank. 这是根据政府智囊机构最近的一份报告得出的。
The rate of child poverty, which fell during the 2000s, is now rising sharply, in part because of big cuts in working-age benefits. 儿童贫困率在2000年期间下降,现在急剧上升,部分原因是由于工作年龄福利大幅削减。
Since the election in 2015 the government has subtly adopted a new approach to austerity: less emphasis on spending cuts, more on tax rises. 自2015大选以来,政府巧妙地采用了一种新的紧缩政策:少关注削减开支,多关注增加税收。
In the average budget or autumn statement since then, the government has called for tax rises four times as big as the average in the parliament of 2010-15. 在平均预算或秋季声明之后,政府已呼吁比议会在2010-2015年的平均税收增加四倍。
Granted, the personal allowance for income tax has risen. 的确,个人所得税免税额已上升。
The headline rate of corporation tax has been cut. 公司税的总税率已被削减。
Yet increases in less-noticed charges such as environmental taxes, 然而,增加较少关注的费用,如环境税,
stamp duty (a levy 1 on property transactions) and insurance-premium tax (levied on everything from holiday to vehicle insurance) have more than compensated 2. 印花税(物业交易税)和保险费税(征收的一切从假日到车辆保险)已超过所给的补偿了。
Mr Hammond is fast gaining a reputation as a tax-grabber. 哈蒙德很快赢得作为一个“税收-攫取者者”的名声。
In his first budget in March the chancellor 3 pencilled in a reduction in the tax-free allowance for dividend 4 income from 5,000 pounds to 2,000 pounds. 财政大臣预计在三月第一个预算中为股息收入从5000英镑到2000英镑减少免税额。
He also proposed an increase in the national-insurance contributions paid by the self-employed—though this was hastily, 他还提出增加在个体国民保险税,虽然这很匆忙,
and embarrassingly, withdrawn 5 after an outcry from newspapers and Tory backbenchers. 也令人尴尬,但在报社和保守党后座议员的强烈抗议后就撤回了。
In all, following recent revisions to official economic forecasts, it is now expected that in 2018-19 the tax burden, expressed as a percentage of GDP, will be at its highest level since the mid-1980s. 总之,随着最近对官方经济预测的修订,现在预计在2018年-2019年度税负,用GDP的百分比表示,将达到自上世纪80年代中期以来的最高水平。
Mrs May's “instinct” may well be to lower taxes, but she cannot help being bound by Britain's unforgiving fiscal 6 arithmetic. 梅的“本能”可能是降低税收,但她不得不被英国无情的财政预算约束。
n.征收税或其他款项,征收额
- They levy a tax on him.他们向他征税。
- A direct food levy was imposed by the local government.地方政府征收了食品税。
补偿,报酬( compensate的过去式和过去分词 ); 给(某人)赔偿(或赔款)
- The marvelous acting compensated for the play's weak script. 本剧的精彩表演弥补了剧本的不足。
- I compensated his loss with money. 我赔偿他经济损失。
n.(英)大臣;法官;(德、奥)总理;大学校长
- They submitted their reports to the Chancellor yesterday.他们昨天向财政大臣递交了报告。
- He was regarded as the most successful Chancellor of modern times.他被认为是现代最成功的财政大臣。
n.红利,股息;回报,效益
- The company was forced to pass its dividend.该公司被迫到期不分红。
- The first quarter dividend has been increased by nearly 4 per cent.第一季度的股息增长了近 4%。
vt.收回;使退出;vi.撤退,退出
- Our force has been withdrawn from the danger area.我们的军队已从危险地区撤出。
- All foreign troops should be withdrawn to their own countries.一切外国军队都应撤回本国去。
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