时间:2019-02-15 作者:英语课 分类:英语口语


英语课

   纽约时报发文:Don’t Call Me Dude, Boss or Bro. It’s Comrade to You(By DIDI KIRSTEN TATLOW),据说对于你正在与之打交道的中国官员,即使你心里有点把他当成哥们、兄弟,或者老板——也不要用这些词来称呼他。根据官方的说法,这些称呼受到了官僚主义、宗派主义、“江湖习气”等不良风气的影响。


  其实,即使像“哥们”这样的俚语式称呼也是有等级的。以下是一个简短的词汇表,从现在开始你就不能用它们来称呼官员了:(注意,其中很多称呼不适用于女性,但是那些通知里没有提到对女性的称呼。)What to call him — or her — instead?
  那么怎么称呼他——或者她呢?
  Dude (哥们, gemen or gemer, literally 1 “older brother”). Applied 2 to someone who is your inferior in rank.
  “哥们”,适用于等级比你低的人。
   Brother or bro (兄弟, xiongdi, “older younger brother”). Also your inferior.
  “兄弟”,也适用于等级比你低的人。
  Boss (老板, laoban, “old board,” as in chairman of the board.) Applied to your superior.
  “老板”,适用于等级比你高的人。
   Group leader — also the boss of a criminal gang (老大, laoda, “old big”). Also your superior.
  “老大”——犯罪团伙的老板,也适用于等级比你高的人。
  Colleague (同事, tongshi, “same affairs”). Unisex and egalitarian, this theoretically works for everyone.
  “同事”。男女皆宜,具有平等主义意味,理论上适用于每一个人。
   Comrade (同志, tongzhi, “same ideal”). Also unisex and more radically 3 egalitarian, in decades past this was a near-universal form of address.
  “同志”,也是男女皆宜,不过平等主义意味更强,在过去几十年里,这几乎是对他人的统称。

adv.照字面意义,逐字地;确实
  • He translated the passage literally.他逐字逐句地翻译这段文字。
  • Sometimes she would not sit down till she was literally faint.有时候,她不走到真正要昏厥了,决不肯坐下来。
adj.应用的;v.应用,适用
  • She plans to take a course in applied linguistics.她打算学习应用语言学课程。
  • This cream is best applied to the face at night.这种乳霜最好晚上擦脸用。
ad.根本地,本质地
  • I think we may have to rethink our policies fairly radically. 我认为我们可能要对我们的政策进行根本的反思。
  • The health service must be radically reformed. 公共医疗卫生服务必须进行彻底改革。
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5-bromovinyldeoxyuridine
acknowledgement receipt
aerobics exercise
african cotton
Aldomet tablet
aminopherase
attorney - client privilege
Bentley,Richard
British India
by rough estimate
camphor wate
cardiac distress
carpet cleaner
carya myristicaeformiss
catharis
certain claim
child-bride
chloriodoquin
COLOCONGRIDAE
color lock receiver
commodities futures market
congenital defect
conservation operator
contract of delivery
cover-gas
cusp interference
cyclopin
dermatitis contusiformis
double standardist
Elatostema herbaceifolium
evodia fargesii dode
exceptionalists
first-level storage
forming box
gabbai
gaucher's cell
gigantic jet
godfrey of bouillon
Gondophernes
have a thing with someone
heapstead
hood bump
hormonal control
hsichih group
hybrid disk
hydrazoic
informatory double
institute of maritime transport
integrated controller
intestant
isophil
jean giraudouxes
Lobus temporalis
methane carrier
myzobdella lugubns
naphtholum
non-magnetic body
nonpsychiatric
nurserywomen
onthophagus
oxolan
paltiel
patient-side
pawl off lever
percent of decolorization
Philippi Canyon
photolectric transducer
predicting the effects of risk
pyohydronephrosis
quags
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reinstein
reintegrating
rescrape
rocking shears
roofloy
rotavators
sample can
saunpil
selective focus
self actuated regulator
shift driver
ship-to-shore distress alerting
short eyes
short-circuit driving-point admiitttance
sieve frame
sigma-function
solar energy resource
somnolences
Sterilon
surface condition factor
switch rail tie plate
The Saviour
third stage of labo(u)r
trichofibroacanthoma
two-position action controller
unadept
unretouched
valanea
vertical compound steam turbine
Winkana