时间:2019-02-15 作者:英语课 分类:英语口语


英语课

   纽约时报发文:Don’t Call Me Dude, Boss or Bro. It’s Comrade to You(By DIDI KIRSTEN TATLOW),据说对于你正在与之打交道的中国官员,即使你心里有点把他当成哥们、兄弟,或者老板——也不要用这些词来称呼他。根据官方的说法,这些称呼受到了官僚主义、宗派主义、“江湖习气”等不良风气的影响。


  其实,即使像“哥们”这样的俚语式称呼也是有等级的。以下是一个简短的词汇表,从现在开始你就不能用它们来称呼官员了:(注意,其中很多称呼不适用于女性,但是那些通知里没有提到对女性的称呼。)What to call him — or her — instead?
  那么怎么称呼他——或者她呢?
  Dude (哥们, gemen or gemer, literally 1 “older brother”). Applied 2 to someone who is your inferior in rank.
  “哥们”,适用于等级比你低的人。
   Brother or bro (兄弟, xiongdi, “older younger brother”). Also your inferior.
  “兄弟”,也适用于等级比你低的人。
  Boss (老板, laoban, “old board,” as in chairman of the board.) Applied to your superior.
  “老板”,适用于等级比你高的人。
   Group leader — also the boss of a criminal gang (老大, laoda, “old big”). Also your superior.
  “老大”——犯罪团伙的老板,也适用于等级比你高的人。
  Colleague (同事, tongshi, “same affairs”). Unisex and egalitarian, this theoretically works for everyone.
  “同事”。男女皆宜,具有平等主义意味,理论上适用于每一个人。
   Comrade (同志, tongzhi, “same ideal”). Also unisex and more radically 3 egalitarian, in decades past this was a near-universal form of address.
  “同志”,也是男女皆宜,不过平等主义意味更强,在过去几十年里,这几乎是对他人的统称。

adv.照字面意义,逐字地;确实
  • He translated the passage literally.他逐字逐句地翻译这段文字。
  • Sometimes she would not sit down till she was literally faint.有时候,她不走到真正要昏厥了,决不肯坐下来。
adj.应用的;v.应用,适用
  • She plans to take a course in applied linguistics.她打算学习应用语言学课程。
  • This cream is best applied to the face at night.这种乳霜最好晚上擦脸用。
ad.根本地,本质地
  • I think we may have to rethink our policies fairly radically. 我认为我们可能要对我们的政策进行根本的反思。
  • The health service must be radically reformed. 公共医疗卫生服务必须进行彻底改革。
标签: 口语
学英语单词
accelerated deprecistion
adatom
after draft
aggregable
aggregated unit control instrument
amongst
angular process
anticyclonic vorticity
April R.
araneologist
attache
autonomic imbalance
b-min
bacillar
base pair
base rate
boogied
Borris-in-Ossory
Bothaville
boulting cloth
by one's own fair hand
cancel message
casques
celsus
colposcopical
constant-running pto
conversation
costovertebral ligaments
daido
deck flushing system
delayed-return
Doppler bank
durapatite
explosive agent
family entolomataceaes
figuras
fire-clearing prescription
first-class standard
flamberg
gavaldon
genus geothlypiss
girth of a graph
hand pot
haro str.
high chair
inverse transcriptase
Jarzé
jiggery-pokeries
Karawa
kath(a)emoglobin
krarup
lanius
larraine
lasko
lead shot for hunting
link fuse
littlerock
locelle
logical analysis device
minimums
New Line Break
news envelope
noie
non-accountability
normal fully-charged condition
number line
Omega position and location equipment
on a lighter note
one dimensional crystal
orange lily
pasty mass
pitch-helix
pokeroots
post-factor
projection imaging
pump agitator
Santa Ana National Wildlife Refuge
search sites
Seletar, Pulau
sexual relation
signature function
simond
sliding nut
Smederevska Palanka
snuff-taker
sphygmomanometres
starved asters
steering column bracket
strangler tree
subcritical pressure turbine
subdivision basidiomycotinas
tangential shadow
telescoping connection
testing data
the world of letters
Themalon
Tokyo Trials
tubulogenic
twisted strip
unpronounce
V. L. R.
waterburies