时间:2019-02-15 作者:英语课 分类:英语口语


英语课

   纽约时报发文:Don’t Call Me Dude, Boss or Bro. It’s Comrade to You(By DIDI KIRSTEN TATLOW),据说对于你正在与之打交道的中国官员,即使你心里有点把他当成哥们、兄弟,或者老板——也不要用这些词来称呼他。根据官方的说法,这些称呼受到了官僚主义、宗派主义、“江湖习气”等不良风气的影响。


  其实,即使像“哥们”这样的俚语式称呼也是有等级的。以下是一个简短的词汇表,从现在开始你就不能用它们来称呼官员了:(注意,其中很多称呼不适用于女性,但是那些通知里没有提到对女性的称呼。)What to call him — or her — instead?
  那么怎么称呼他——或者她呢?
  Dude (哥们, gemen or gemer, literally 1 “older brother”). Applied 2 to someone who is your inferior in rank.
  “哥们”,适用于等级比你低的人。
   Brother or bro (兄弟, xiongdi, “older younger brother”). Also your inferior.
  “兄弟”,也适用于等级比你低的人。
  Boss (老板, laoban, “old board,” as in chairman of the board.) Applied to your superior.
  “老板”,适用于等级比你高的人。
   Group leader — also the boss of a criminal gang (老大, laoda, “old big”). Also your superior.
  “老大”——犯罪团伙的老板,也适用于等级比你高的人。
  Colleague (同事, tongshi, “same affairs”). Unisex and egalitarian, this theoretically works for everyone.
  “同事”。男女皆宜,具有平等主义意味,理论上适用于每一个人。
   Comrade (同志, tongzhi, “same ideal”). Also unisex and more radically 3 egalitarian, in decades past this was a near-universal form of address.
  “同志”,也是男女皆宜,不过平等主义意味更强,在过去几十年里,这几乎是对他人的统称。

adv.照字面意义,逐字地;确实
  • He translated the passage literally.他逐字逐句地翻译这段文字。
  • Sometimes she would not sit down till she was literally faint.有时候,她不走到真正要昏厥了,决不肯坐下来。
adj.应用的;v.应用,适用
  • She plans to take a course in applied linguistics.她打算学习应用语言学课程。
  • This cream is best applied to the face at night.这种乳霜最好晚上擦脸用。
ad.根本地,本质地
  • I think we may have to rethink our policies fairly radically. 我认为我们可能要对我们的政策进行根本的反思。
  • The health service must be radically reformed. 公共医疗卫生服务必须进行彻底改革。
标签: 口语
学英语单词
Active stylus
additive of effect
aerial navigation chart
aiguillesque
albert abraham michelsons
allomyces macrogynus
alternateen
audiblenesses
basis bundle
black lighting
blood-albumen glue
Capana
cold model experiment
complete system of neighbo(u)rhood
computer-studies
cordesman
costs of appeal
cryoprotects
cryptoradiometer
dialyzed
disarming
Erysiphaceae
ettringites
exit beam
expulsion of fetus
F. G. Banting
Fed float
foam embolism
garden layout
getting my feet wet
gun chambers
hanash
hustled
hydrofluoric efher
intelligent capability
Japanese Rain Goggles
kainic acid
kiln-dry (kiln drying
La Robla
line of sight propagation
liquid drier
local protecting grazing
Magu, Khrebet
manassehs
maxillary prognathism
medical studies
microwave absorption spectroscopy
mildew and rot
minisuper
monocyte disorder
morphotropy
multiunit message
new comers
nightmare before christmas
Nizhniye Sergi
not for the squeamish
outdoor post insulator
overboard discharge valve
overfortifies
Pearson's coefficient
per-radius
periareon
photograph index chart
piezoelectric semiconductor
pointilism
posterior tilt
potassium bromate
propagandising
pulse detonation engines
real time transport protocol
recompact
repolarisations
right-hand derivative
river gradient
runic
samvydav
seated valve pump
second order deviation
second-order calculation
silk spun
single weeder
split adjusting collar
spout velocity
spurious frequency
steam locomotive boiler washout repair
stellar stability
Strangford
taro-patch fiddles
the comparative
topholipoma
traumatic hysteria
two dimensional linear processing
Unkei
very high altitude
vibrating reed frequency sensor
Wagin
Weet-Bix
weldless steel tube
wire clippers
woodfern
your space
zinc whites