时间:2019-02-15 作者:英语课 分类:英语口语


英语课

   纽约时报发文:Don’t Call Me Dude, Boss or Bro. It’s Comrade to You(By DIDI KIRSTEN TATLOW),据说对于你正在与之打交道的中国官员,即使你心里有点把他当成哥们、兄弟,或者老板——也不要用这些词来称呼他。根据官方的说法,这些称呼受到了官僚主义、宗派主义、“江湖习气”等不良风气的影响。


  其实,即使像“哥们”这样的俚语式称呼也是有等级的。以下是一个简短的词汇表,从现在开始你就不能用它们来称呼官员了:(注意,其中很多称呼不适用于女性,但是那些通知里没有提到对女性的称呼。)What to call him — or her — instead?
  那么怎么称呼他——或者她呢?
  Dude (哥们, gemen or gemer, literally 1 “older brother”). Applied 2 to someone who is your inferior in rank.
  “哥们”,适用于等级比你低的人。
   Brother or bro (兄弟, xiongdi, “older younger brother”). Also your inferior.
  “兄弟”,也适用于等级比你低的人。
  Boss (老板, laoban, “old board,” as in chairman of the board.) Applied to your superior.
  “老板”,适用于等级比你高的人。
   Group leader — also the boss of a criminal gang (老大, laoda, “old big”). Also your superior.
  “老大”——犯罪团伙的老板,也适用于等级比你高的人。
  Colleague (同事, tongshi, “same affairs”). Unisex and egalitarian, this theoretically works for everyone.
  “同事”。男女皆宜,具有平等主义意味,理论上适用于每一个人。
   Comrade (同志, tongzhi, “same ideal”). Also unisex and more radically 3 egalitarian, in decades past this was a near-universal form of address.
  “同志”,也是男女皆宜,不过平等主义意味更强,在过去几十年里,这几乎是对他人的统称。

adv.照字面意义,逐字地;确实
  • He translated the passage literally.他逐字逐句地翻译这段文字。
  • Sometimes she would not sit down till she was literally faint.有时候,她不走到真正要昏厥了,决不肯坐下来。
adj.应用的;v.应用,适用
  • She plans to take a course in applied linguistics.她打算学习应用语言学课程。
  • This cream is best applied to the face at night.这种乳霜最好晚上擦脸用。
ad.根本地,本质地
  • I think we may have to rethink our policies fairly radically. 我认为我们可能要对我们的政策进行根本的反思。
  • The health service must be radically reformed. 公共医疗卫生服务必须进行彻底改革。
标签: 口语
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a lot of
acaults
adenoid curette
affordest
Bastia
be employed in
blown-out land
capillary isoelectric focusing
carotid pulsilogram
cerebropathia psychica toxemica
cetyl alcohol flake
chlamydia psittacis
coincidence tube
constant(CONST)
count modulo N
dancehalls
dating bar
decimalbinary
double-main system
echinococcuss
electronic aid to navigation
enucleate egg fraction
estimating cost recoverability
family homaridaes
flanged shaft
forward gate-to-source breakdown voltage
Gainesville
gilders
gleaman
gorinsky
Grand-Lahou
haecceitic
horizontal hitch adjuster
how-to-vote cards
idiochromatic photoconductor
ifngr
induced enzyme
information error
internal angle of an alternator
Japanese mountain yam
Jatrophinae
judicial tyranny
june grasses
Kushikino
La Ferté-Milon
La Stampa
lag-lead compensation
Madden-Julian oscillation
manufacturing overhead budget variance
Marcomannic
microextraction apparatus
mis-understandings
monomethyluric acid
mood disorders
natrocalcite
nile green
occlusally
pairing heap
pedunculatas
phrenic ampulla
PIC (pocket ion chamber)
plug hat
pocket cartoons
program interrupt message
prosiopeses
put and call options
pyloric part
quarrel with ... bread and butter
rectified high voltage spark
reperforator switching center
rough landing
San Donato Milanese
semi-hardening
shepherd
signature by facsimile
smartmodem
spring bushing
srees
steering wheel tilting
stripping fastener
stuntednesses
suellen
support sting
synchronous ion
tannaim
tax exempt export
tenant in common
terrazzo finished surface
the Gracchi
thorbastnaesite
Thysanolaena latifolia
time selector
trevarren
trust arrangement
unengorged
unfarmed
unless otherwise indicated
water drinker
weight hanger
wheel stud
Willis' cords
wonter