科学美国人60秒 SSS 互联网需要调整
时间：2019-02-14 作者：英语课 分类：2018年科学美国人4月
The Internet Needs A Tune-Up
“So, the internet is really a network of networks that underlies 1 CRItically so many things in our lives. But really 50 years ago it was an experiment that escaped from the lab. And it wasn’t really designed to be the global communications infrastructure 2 it is today.”
“互联网实际上是一个网络，它建立在我们生活中的许多事情的基础之上。但实际上在50年前，这是一个逃离实验室的实验。而且它设计目的并非是今天的全球通信基础设施。”
Jennifer Rexford, a computer scientist at Princeton University specializing in computer networks. She spoke 3 to Scientific American editor-in-chief Mariette DiChristina at the recent World Economic Forum 4 in Davos.
普林斯顿大学计算机科学家Jennifer Rexford专门研究计算机网络。 她在最近的达沃斯世界经济论坛上，与科学美国人主编Mariette DiChristina交谈。
“So, it really planted the seeds of tremendous innovation around the periphery 5 of the internet and the devices we connect to it and the applications we run over it. But ironically it didn’t plant the seeds of its own innovation. And we suffer from that every day, from the fact that we have denial-of-service attacks taking down websites, we have performance problems, Netflix streams grinding to a halt and so on.
“因此，它确实在互联网外围，以及我们连接到它的设备，以及我们运行的应用程序中，植入了巨大创新的种子。但讽刺的是，它并没有植入自己创新的种子。 我们每天都会因此受到影响，从拒绝服务攻击取消网站，到我们遇到的性能问题，Netflix流停止等等。
“In my work on self-driving networks we’re bringing together two really exciting technologies: machine learning that’s transforming everything, by taking raw data into true situational awareness 6. And the second is programmable network switches that bring the same idea of enabling and lowering the barrier to innovation that we have at the outside of the internet to its basic underpinnings.
“在我的自驾车网络工作中，我们汇集了两项非常令人兴奋的技术：第一种是机器学习，通过将原始数据转化为真实的情景意识，来改变一切。第二种是可编程网络交换机，这种交换机为我们在互联网之外，创造的创新障碍，带来了相同的想法，并将其作为基本支撑。
So that we can learn how to sense and actuate better over time, so that the network can learn to detect performance problems and route around them. To detect denial-of-service attacks and block them before they do significant harm. So, the marriage of these two technologies is really happening now, and it’s a great opportunity to build an internet that actually is worthy 7 of the trust that we increasingly place in it today.”
因此，我们可以学习如何随着时间的推移更好地感知和激励，以便网络可以学习检测性能问题。检测拒绝服务攻击，并在它们造成重大伤害之前阻止它们。所以，这两种技术的结合，现在确实正在发生，这是一个很好的机会，来建立一个真正值得我们信任的互联网，而我们现在越来越信任它。
- I think a lack of confidence underlies his manner. 我认为他表现出的态度是因为他缺乏信心。 来自《简明英汉词典》
- Try to figure out what feeling underlies your anger. 努力找出你的愤怒之下潜藏的情感。 来自辞典例句
- We should step up the development of infrastructure for research.加强科学基础设施建设。
- We should strengthen cultural infrastructure and boost various types of popular culture.加强文化基础设施建设，发展各类群众文化。
- They sourced the spoke nuts from our company.他们的轮辐螺帽是从我们公司获得的。
- The spokes of a wheel are the bars that connect the outer ring to the centre.辐条是轮子上连接外圈与中心的条棒。
- They're holding a forum on new ways of teaching history.他们正在举行历史教学讨论会。
- The organisation would provide a forum where problems could be discussed.这个组织将提供一个可以讨论问题的平台。
- Geographically, the UK is on the periphery of Europe.从地理位置上讲，英国处于欧洲边缘。
- The periphery of the retina is very sensitive to motion.视网膜的外围对运动非常敏感。
- There is a general awareness that smoking is harmful.人们普遍认识到吸烟有害健康。
- Environmental awareness has increased over the years.这些年来人们的环境意识增强了。