VOA双语新闻：最高指挥官称北约须改变行动方式

　　The commander of NATO military forces, General John Craddock, said the alliance must change the way it conducts operations so the next mission does not suffer the same problems as the alliance's effort in Afghanistan.

北约最高军事长官、美国将军约翰.克拉多克说，北约必须改变它执行任务的方式，以便下一次行动不再遭受北约在阿富汗遇到的问题。

In his final appearance before the Senate Armed Services Committee, General Craddock said NATO member nations have fallen short on providing the number of combat forces and trainers that Afghanistan needs, and even on providing promised funding to help build the country's own security forces. General Craddock will end his tour of duty later this year.

克拉多克将军最后一次出席了国会参议院军事委员会的会议。他说，北约没有为阿富汗提供它所需的作战部队和培训人员，甚至没有提供已经答应的资金来帮助阿富汗筹建自己的安全部队。克拉多克今年晚些时候将结束他在北约的任务。

He urged NATO members to use the Afghanistan experience to improve operations in the future so they do not create a two-tier alliance, with some nations doing most of the work and the others just taking the benefits.

他敦促北约成员国用阿富汗的经验来提高未来的作战能力，以防止北约出现双层联盟的现象，也就是一些国家承担大多数的工作，而另一些国家仅仅享受好处。

"If we devolve or get to a two-tier [alliance] it will weaken the alliance and we will have much work to do. And we have to get ourselves arranged for the next mission, the next operation, that we send our forces to. We should not do another one arranged like this one in NATO," he said.

他说：“如果我们变成双层联盟，那将削弱北约的能力，我们就要做很多工作。我们必须为自己的下一次任务，下一次行动作安排。我们不能再重复北约这次作的安排。”

General Craddock particularly criticized special rules, known as caveats 1, that many nations put on how their forces can be used. And he accused some members of offering forces for peacekeeping in Bosnia or for the never-used NATO Response Force, rather than for more dangerous missions in Afghanistan.

克拉多克将军专门批评了某些特别规定，让很多国家指定它们的部队能如何使用。他指责一些北约成员国为波斯尼亚提供维和部队，或者派部队加入北约从来没有行动的快速反应部队，而避免到阿富汗去承担比较危险的战斗任务。

"There is a risk aversion in NATO that we must continue to address and push nations," Gen. Craddock said.

“北约有害怕危险的倾向，我们必须继续解决这个问题，推动一些国家。”

The general said that attitude among most alliance members makes it impossible for NATO's International Assistance Force in Afghanistan to pursue an effective counterinsurgency campaign, involving clearing areas of hostile fighters, and holding those areas so economic development and governance projects can proceed.

克拉多克将军说，多数盟国的态度使得北约国际援助部队不可能在阿富汗展开有效的打击激进份子的战役，包括清除当地的敌方战斗人员，以便让这些地区发展经济以及开展管理项目。

"We do not have enough forces right now, between the Afghan security forces, trained and in place, and ISAF to be able to clear out the insurgents 2 and then hold that [territory] so that development and reconstruction 3 can occur. And that is why the additional United States contributions will go into the south," he explained.

他说：“我们目前没有足够的阿富汗安全部队，受过训练和部署就位的部队。在阿富汗的国际援助部队要能清除反叛分子，控制那些地区，这样才能发展和重建。这就是为什么美国的增兵将派到南方去。”

The United States has committed to send an additional 17,000 troops to Afghanistan this year for combat and training missions. General Craddock said NATO nations have not even filled the commander's request for four battalions 4 to be temporarily deployed 5 to help secure the Afghan presidential election in August.

美国承诺今年要增派1万7千人的部队前往阿富汗进行作战并承担培训任务。克拉多克将军说，北约司令要求暂时部署四个旅，帮助阿富汗8月举行总统大选。但是北约国家甚至连这个要求都没有满足。

The general also called for NATO nations to strengthen their ability to defend the alliance's home territory, in order to ease concerns among some new members in Eastern Europe in the wake of Russia's invasion of Georgia last year. But he also welcomed the expected resumption of the NATO-Russia dialogue, which was suspended after the invasion, saying without that things become "more confusing and ambiguous."

克拉多克还呼吁北约国家加强保卫盟国国土安全的能力，以便缓解一些新成员国在俄罗斯去年入侵格鲁吉亚以后所产生的担忧。但是他同时也欢迎北约和俄罗斯将恢复的对话。双方的对话在俄罗斯入侵后暂停，他说，这是为了防止这个问题变得更加混乱和模糊。

Those and related issues will be taken up by President Barack Obama and other NATO leaders next week at their summit in France and Germany.

奥巴马总统和其他北约国家领导人下个星期在法国和德国举行首脑会议时将讨论这些问题以及其他事项。