英语口译教程(第二版)--中级 UNIT 9-12

上海紧缺人才培训工程教 学系列丛书.英语口语口 译资格证书考试.中级口 译教程.第二版.第四盒 ;

9-4 The Information Age Text for Interpretation 1 ;

Interpret the following passage from English into Chinese: ;

My topic today is "Information- A Valuable Commodity," ;

Let us take a look at the most important commodity is the world information. ;

The advancement 2 of communication technology has given us the ability to ;

know and understand what is going to in any part of the world at any given time. ;

It has become imperative 3 for us to understand the implications of ;

economic and political change and the impact that this has on foreign exchange rates ;

and the stock market. Financial institutions have put great emphasis on developing ;

technology that will enable us to have the edge on our competitors ;

in terms of analyzing 4 the global information and distributing this to our customer base. ;

The growth in the number of independent news companies ;

combined with improved telecommunication 5 has led to a boom in the level of coverage 6 of ;

breaking news and a drop in the cost of obtaining that information. ;

Thus,the proprietary 7 knowledge that was previously 8 possessed 9 by dealers 10 ;

is now generally available to non-bank financial institutions and corporations. ;

This change immediately has led to a narrowing in the profit margin 12 being ;

made from customer business and greater competition among ;

ealers for that business.Customers have been marketed more intensely ;

by an increasing number of financial institutions. ;

The corporate 13 customer now receives more information analysis ;

and opinion from such a wide range of market players ;

that they themselves have more information available to them than ;

some of the lesser 14 financial institutions. ;

The general response of customers to this huge flow of information ;

led to an increase in the level of business transacted 15 as they seek to ;

take advantage of market opportunities. ;

The dramatic increase in information flow has been a key ;

influential 16 factor in the financial market over the last 20 years. ;

My next lecture will focus on electronic dealing 17 and broking, ;

and their impact on the marketplace.Your attendance is most welcome. ;

Sentences in Focus ;

Interpret the following sentences from English into Chinese: ;

1.Although the languages of various regions  are so different ;

that they are mutually unintelligible 18, ;

they have a great deal in common in their basic principles, ;

and in the way they approach certain specific problems of communication. ;

2.One of the wonders about language and language use is that ;

with a finite set of rules speakers can produce and understand an infinite set of sentences, ;

3.The creative aspect of human language is not found in the communication system ;

of any other species. That is,human beings have the ability to ;

combine basic linguistic 19 units to form an infinite set ;

of grammatical sentences,most of which are novel, ;

never before produced or heard. ;

4.The difference between a human brain and a computer can be ;

expressed in a single word:complexity, ;

5.The many billions of brain cells are interconnected in a vastly complicated ;

network that we can I begin to interpret as yet. ;

6.While the computer switch is just an on-off device, ;

the brain cell is itself possessed of a tremendously complex inner structure. ;

7.Our gene 11 "program" is so much more enormously complex ;

that we might like to define "thinking" in terms of our creativity ;

in literature,art, science and technology. ;

8.The point of concern is that while programming the computer, ;

mankind is not only creating a servant, but also a threatening rival. ;

9.What I want to focus on is the principles that underlie 20 computer programming. ;

10.New breakthroughs in biomedical technology are announced daily; ;

achievements such as the completion of the human genome project ;

portend 21 much more serious changes to come. ;

11.We don't have to await the arrival of human genetic 22 engineering ;

to foresee a time when we will be able to enhance intelligence, ;

memory,emotional sensitivity,as well as manipulate behavior in a host of other ways. ;

12.While many medical advances have ;

increased the quality of life for older people, ;

many have bad  the opposite effect by prolonging only one aspect of life and ;

increasing dependency. ;

13.We could find ways to preserve bodily health but would fail ;

to put off age related mental deterioration 23. ;

14.Stem cell research might yield ways to grow new body parts, ;

but without a parallel curer for Alzheimer's. this wonderful new technology ;

would do no more than allow more people to persist in vegetative states for years ;

longer than is currently possible. ;

15.I should thank you for the privilege of speaking here and ;

for ensuring me such an attentive 24 audience, ;

16.The advancement of telecommunication technology has given us the ability to ;

know and understand what is going on in any part of the world at any given time. ;

17.It has become imperative for us to understand the implications of ;

economic and political change and the impact that this has on the market of stocks, ;

securities and futures 25. ;

18.The dramatic increase in information flow ;

has been a major influential factor in the financial market over the last decade. ;

Unit 10 Interpreting Academic Speeches Chinese- English Interpretation ;

10-1 On Cultural Clashes Text for interpretation ;

Interpret the following passage from Chinese into English: ;

主席先生：能有机会在研 讨会以“文化冲突与融合 ” 为题进行发言，我谨向您 表示感谢。 ;

约翰逊博士在他的讲话中 提出了“冲突论”的见解 。 约翰逊博士的理论是建筑 在这样一种观点之上的： ;

他认为在后冷战时期， 全球冲突源于文化冲突， 而文化冲突的焦点集中在 宗教和信仰的不同， ;

而非意识形态的不同，也 不是国与国之间在经济与 政治上的对抗。他认为同 属一个文明圈的国家将在 ;

冲突中集合在一起，信奉 儒教和伊斯兰教的国家将 站在同一条战线上，与 西方国家和世界其他地区 ;

形成对抗，我对这样一种 观点深感不安。 约翰逊博士的冲突论表明 了许多西方国家对东亚， ;

尤其对中国近年来经济 持续增长的一种失望而 又焦虑的心情，同时 反映了人们对西方文明 ;

的一种与日俱增的困惑 感和信心缺乏症状。 ;

我们承认不同文化之间 的巨大差异，这些差异 有时可能会引起磨擦。 ;

然而，将这种磨擦夸大 其词为世界政治冲突和 战争是一种误导，是很 危险的。 ;

倘若这种冲突对决策 产生影响作用，其危险 性便越大。 ;

一些西方人士认为， 其他国家的现代化意味 着对西方经济，政治和 社会制度与价值观念 ;

仿效。我认为，现代化 不意味着西方化。事实 上，亚洲的经济成功使 亚洲人民觉悟起来， ;

产生了文化认同感。 他们开始重新思考西 方的社会与政治模式 ;

是否适合用于他们本 国，他们是否应该建立 起自己的社会与政治 发展模式。 ;

我认为，西方模式只是 通往现代化的一种途径， 全然不是唯一的途径， ;

或许很可能不是一条 最佳途径。 ;

中国以及其他一些亚洲 国家的经济成功不是 简单模仿现代西方文明 的结果； ;

恰恰相反，我们的成功 代表了一种新文化的 诞生， ;

它代表了一种集东西方 传统的优点之大成的新 价值体系。 ;

我赞同许多东亚学者的 观点，东方文明可以医 治盛行于西方世界的 一些顽疾。 ;

西方世界个人自由的 泛滥导致了极端个人 主义，性关系混乱以及 过度的暴力行为， ;

对此我们决不可视而不 见。相反，东方社会的 自我约束性，集体责任 感以及温厚儒雅的传统 ;

倒可以消除西方社会的 许多恶疾。 在这个信息时代，世界 已缩小为一个地球村。 ;

这个地球村里，不再有 什么泾渭分明的东方 世界和西方世界， ;

我们是生活在同一个 社区里的邻里。因此， 我们彼此之间无需相互 冲突。 ;

我们之间的关系是一种 友好合作，平等互补 的关系。我们应该相互 理解，相互学习， ;

和睦相处。 我的发言到此结束， 谢谢主席先生。 ;

10-2 Communicative Competence 26 ;

Text for Interpretation ;

Interpret the following passage from Chinese into English: ;

人们聚在一起，无论做 什么总离不了说话。 我们生活在语言的世界 里。我们对家人说话， ;

对亲属说话，对朋友说 话，对同事说话，我们 还对陌生人说话。我们 面对面说话， ;

我们在电话里说话，我 们回答时还要说话。 ;

电话机和收音机在言语 海洋里起着推波助澜的 作用。除了睡觉之外， ;

我们很少有不说话的时 候，我们甚至在睡梦中 也会说话。有些人在 睡眠时会大声说话。 ;

我们还会自言自语，有 时会对宠物说话。有时 对自己说话。 ;

我们是这个星球上唯一 能说话的动物。 拥有语言，确切地说是 拥有创造性的语言， ;

较之任何其他属性更能 将人类同其他动物区别 开来。 ;

要理解人类就必须理解 那种使我们成为人的语 言。 ;

懂一种语言使你可以说 这门语言，你说的话也 可以被其他懂这种语言 的人听懂。 ;

这意味着你能够发出 表示某种概念或意义的 声音，能够听懂或解释 其他人发出的声音。 ;

因此，懂得一种语言 不仅指了解这种语言 包含了哪些语音， ;

而且还指了解语音与 意义的关系。 你如果不懂某种语言， ;

别人用这种语言和你 说话时发出的声音你 基本上无法理解， ;

这是因为大部分语音 与语义之间的关系是 任意确定的。 ;

懂得一种语言能使你 谴词造句。懂得一种 语言意味你能够说出 前人未说过的话， ;

也能听懂在此之前无 人说过的话。语言学家 称这种能力为语言运用 的创造属性。 ;

懂得一种语言包括懂得 哪些句子在某种场合中 使用是恰当的。 ;

这就是说，语言的使用 受到场合或上下文的 约束。 ;

当一个人对另外一个人 说话时，他会根据不同 的对象使用不同的词汇 和语气。 ;

当一个人说出一句话时 同样这句话在不同的场 合、对不同的听众可以 包含不同的内容。 ;

10-3 Chinese Calligraphy 27 Text for Interpretation ;

Interpret the following passage from Chinese into English: ;

我很高兴有机会向诸位 介绍中国书法这一宝贵 的文化遗产及其对中国 旅游业的贡献。 ;

中国有句古话是这样 说的:"山不在高， 有仙则名；水不在深， 有龙则灵。 ;

”中国书法好似山上之 仙、水中之龙。 ;

中国书法同其他书写形 式有很大区别。 ;

汉字在其漫长的发展史 中演化成许多不同的 艺术形式， ;

其中包括甲骨铭文、 青铜器铭文、篆书、 隶书、楷书、行书和 草书。 ;

许多汉字属象形文字． 常可从字的形状揣知 其义。 ;

无沦是刀刻书法还是笔 墨书法都可以通过字形 的夸张取得艺术效果。 ;

因此书法一直是一门研 究艺术。 ;

千百年来中国书法家倾 注了大量的心血研究书 法艺术的形式、 规则及理论。 ;

他们的成果对朝鲜、 日本和东南亚国家的 汉字书法家产生了巨大 的影响。 ;

这些国家的书法家经常 不断地访问中国，探索 书法艺术。 ;

汉字的传统书法并未受 到外界的影响，这是我 国的一大旅游资源。 ;

中国大多数旅游区都有 不可胜数的铭文石碑 (其中许多是刻在悬崖 峭壁上的铭文)、 ;

匾额和厅堂卷轴对联。 以石碑闻名遐迩的桂林 七星岩内各个朝代的铭 文随处可见。 ;

旅游区的古代书法遗迹 皆以碑林和石刻为主。 例如建于1091年的 西安碑林”． ;

碑林区还留有大量的周 (公元前11世纪一公元 前256年)秦<公元前221 一公元前206年) ;

时期的石刻作品。 对于那些有兴趣把书法 作为一种艺术形式来 研究的人士来说， ;

曲阜孔庙和泰山岱庙里 的石碑是必看无疑的。 ;

两处都存有数百件书 法风格各异的石刻碑 匾。 ;

中国历史上许多诗人和 高僧在浪迹名山时皆 墨撒悬崖峭壁，以此 抒发感情。 ;

所幸的是，他们的许多 作品均被完好地保存下 来。 ;

除了石碑岩崖作品外， 在丝绸和纸张上行文留 字则是更为常见的书法 形式。 ;

汉字书法无论以何种 形式出现都将吸引海外 游客。 ;

10-4 Community Service Text for Interpretation ;

Interpret the following passage from Chinese into English: ;

女士们，先生们： 我很高兴能够参加本届 社区服务国际学术研讨 会，并作发言。 ;

社区服务是当今各国 普遍关注的一个问题。 它不但是社会稳定的 措施之一， ;

而且是社会进步与发展 的需要。社区服务对于 解决某些社会问题， ;

改善人民生活，促进 精神文明建设都有着 重要的作用。 ;

过去我国在较长时间内 没有使用“社区服务”这 个名称， ;

但是在实践中做了许多 服务于社区居民的工 作， ;

例如我国许多城市的街 道委员会和里弄居民委 员会所做的许多工作， 属于社区服务工作。 ;

改革开放以来，尤其是 自国家民政部在总结城 市社会福利改革经验的 基础上， ;

肯定和推广社区服务的 经验以来，社区服务在 全国范围内蓬勃展开。 ;

我国的国民经济和社会 发展“十五”计划和2010 年远景目标纲要明确提 出要积极发展社会福利 ;

事业和社区服务。可以 预期，社区服务将引起 全社会的普遍关注． 并将有一个新的发展。 ;

当然，我国社区服务的 发展还很不平衡，还有 许多不足之处和薄弱 环节。 ;

这些问题的解决，除了 政府加强领导予以解决 之外， ;

非常需要社会各方面以 及非政府组织的积极 努力． ;

需要广大群众的直接参 与，做出奉献。这既是 过去实践的经验总结， ;

又是今后工作的努力 方向。 ;

我国社区服务起步较 晚，经验不足。参加 这次研讨会的欧美社区 服务学者， ;

以及来自东南亚国家和 地区的朋友们给我们带 来了宝贵的经验和意 见， ;

他们所作的学术报告对 进一步促进和改善我国 的社区服务工作， 必将产生积极的影响。 ;

    句子精练 sen1tences in Focus ;

Interpret the following sentences from Chinese into English。 ;

1．我对全球冲突源于 文化冲突这样一种观点 深感不安。 ;

2．这种观点反映了人 们对西方文明的前途怀 有一种与日俱增的困 惑感。 ;

3．亚洲的经济成功使 这个地区的人民觉悟 起来， ;

对自己的聪明才智与 创造力有了新的认识． ;

他们开始重新思考西方 的社会模式与政治模式 是否适用于他们本国。 ;

4．东亚的经济成功代 表了一种新文化的诞 生。 ;

代表了一种集东西方传 统优点之大成的新价值 体系的诞生。 ;

5．我赞同许多东亚学 者的观点，东亚社会 的自我约束性、 ;

集体责任感以及温厚 儒雅的传统可以医治 盛行于西方世界的许 多顽疾。 ;

6.在这个信息时代， 世界已缩小为一个地球 村，我们彼此之间无 需冲突， ;

我们之间的关系是一种 友好合作、平等互利、 和睦相处的关系。 ;

7.我们创造性地运用语 言的能力较之任何其 他人类的属性更能将我 们同动物区别开来。 ;

8.懂得一门语言还包括 懂得哪些句子在某种场 合中使用是恰当的， ;

这就是说，语言的使用 受到场合或上下文的约 束。 ;

9.中国有句古话是这样 说的：“山不在高， 有仙则名，水不在深， 有龙则灵”。 ;

10.许多汉字属象形文 字，人们常可从字的形 状揣知其义。 ;

11.汉字在其漫长的发 展史中演化成许多不同 的艺术形式， ;

其中包括甲骨铭文、 青铜器铭文、篆书、 隶书、楷书、行书和 草书。 ;

12.干百年来中国许多 书法家潜心研究书法艺 术的形式、规则及理 论。 ;

13.以石碑闻名遐迩的 桂林七星岩内各个朝代 的铭文随处可见。 ;

14.对于那些有兴趣把 书法作为一种艺术形式 来研究的人士来说， ;

曲阜孔庙和泰山岱庙是 必游之地。 ;

15.中国历史上许多诗 人和高僧在浪迹名山时 皆撒墨于悬崖峭壁上， ;

他们以此来抒发自己 的感情。 ;

16.社区服务不但是社 会稳定的一种措施，同 时也是社会进步与发展 的需要。 ;

17.我国社区服务起步 较晚，发展还很不平 衡，还有许多不足之处 和薄弱环节需要克服。 ;

18.各位专家学者所作 的学术报告对促进和 改善我们的工作， 必将产生积极的影响。 ;

unit 11 Interpreting Business Speeches English-Chinese Interpretation ;

11-1 Entrepreneurial Culture ;

Text for Interpretion ;

Interpret the following passage from English into Chinese: ;

indies and gentlemen. ;

Good afternoon. ;

Today I'll focus on the importance of entrepreneurial culture, ;

drawing on the lesson from the Enron case. ;

For most of the 1990s. ;

CEOs at Old Economy companies struggled to ;

turn slow-moving organizations into nimbler,more flexible outfits. ;

The truth is real transformations are the exception rather than the rule, ;

Changing the core values,the attitudes, ;

and the fundamental relationships of a vast organization ;

is overwhelmingly difficult.That's why an army of academics ;

and consul tarns descended on Enron in the late 1990s ;

and held it up as a paragon of management virtue. ;

Enron seemed to have transformed itself from a stodgy regulated utility ;

to a fast-moving enterprise where performance was paramount. ;

If only that were true.Enron tumbled down. ;

Many of the same academics are now busy distilling the cultural ;

and leadership lessons from the debacle. ;

Their conclusion so far:Enron didn't fail just ;

because of improper accounting or alleged corruption at the top. ;

lt also failed because of its entrepreneurial culture ;

the very reason Knron attracted so much attention and acclaim. ;

Too much emphasis on earning- growth and individual initiative, ;

coupled with a shocking absence of the usual corporate cheeks ;

and balances,turned Enron's entrepreneurial culture from one ;

that rewarded aggressive strategy to one that ;

increasingly relied on unethical means. ;

In the end,too much leeway was given to young, ;

inexperienced managers without the ;

necessary controls to minimize failures. ;

Jeffrey K.Skilling assumed Enron CEO in early 2001. ;

His recipe for changing the company ;

was right out of the New Economy play book. ;

Layers of management were wiped out. ;

Hundreds of outsiders were recruited and ;

encouraged to bring new thinking to a tradition-bound business. ;

The company abolished seniority- based salaries in favor of ;

more highly leveraged compensation that ;

offered huge cash bonuses and stock option grants to top performers. ;

Young People. ;

many just out of undergraduate or MBA programs, ;

were handed extraordinary authority, ;

able to make $5 million decisions without higher approval. ;

In larger companies like IBM,even though there is a movement inward youth, ;

there are still enough older people around to mentor them. ;

At Enron, you had a bunch of kids running loose ;

without adult supervision. ;

The new entrepreneurial culture encourages ;

the "loose and tight"environment. ;

The idea is to combine tight controls ;

with maximum individual authority to allow entrepreneurship ;

to flourish without the culture edging into chaos. ;

At Enron,however, the pressure to make the numbers ;

was often overwhelming.The environment was ripe for abuse. ;

Nobody at corporate was asking the right questions. ;

It was completely hands-off management.It was a runaway train. ;

I'd like to stop here and take your questions. ;

11-2 Getting to Know Bonds ;

Text for Interpretation ;

Interpret the following passage from English into Chinese: ;

How many of you buy bonds?More and more people show great interest in bonds investment. ;

A major appeal of investing in bonds is that they provide investors ;

with a steady stream of income and ;

guarantee the repayment of the loan in full at maturity. ;

Bonds also appeal to investors because of their scope ;

for capital appreciation.Take for instance a fall in interest rales, ;

in this case bonds which were issued when interest rates were high ;

will become increasingly valuable and as the bond price rises, ;

this provides profit for bond sellers. ;

In addition,if intcrol rates had fallen significantly ;

over a period of time,economic growth would be stimulated ;

as lower borrowing costs and savings rates would ;

encourage businesses to invest and households to consume. ;

In such a low interest-rale environment, ;

It may still be good for investors to ;

consider investing some money in bonds because they will be ;

able to achieve a higher return than cash deposits. ;

In a nutshell,an investor should consider investing ;

in bonds as an alternative for the purpose of diversification ;

in invesirnent. ;

As a bond pays a regular interest, it may be suitable for investors, ;

such as retirees, who require a regular income over a specific time. ;

Equities and government bonds are well suited to some investors. ;

Younger investors will henefit from equity capital growth ;

because they are generally investing for the longer term ;

and not unduly concerned with the lack of immediate yield. ;

Investors concerned wilh avoiding risk will be prepared to ;

accept the relatively low yields now ;

available on government bonds. ;

But many investors fall somewhere between these two extremes. ;

In recent years, financial markets ;

have become increasingly polarized between growth and security. ;

Investors looking for medium and low-risk ;

are increasingly turning to the corporate bond market ;

as an alternative to equities and government bonds. ;

Corporate bonds offer an ideal alternative to equities ;

and government bonds,providing some of the benefits of each. ;

With corporate bonds,an investor can opt for a lower risk exposure ;

than with equities but a higher income yield than with government bonds. ;

The main disadvantage of corporate bonds is ;

that an investor only indirectly participates in the company's success, ;

through its credit- worthiness,but otherwise will not benefit ;

from corporate expansion in the way that equity holders will. ;

On the other hand, absolute risk is lower than for equities ;

because coupon payments cannot be waived and. ;

in the event of a default,bondholders are ranked highly among creditors. ;

However,corporate credit -worthiness is a key factor ;

in assessing the value find risk of corporate bonds. ;

Credit rating agencies play an important role in this process. ;

The two main agencies are Moody's and Standard&Poors. ;

They assign ratings both to ;

entities issuing bonds and to specific corporate bond issues. ;

This gives investors a guide as to their credit quality, ;

which indicates possible risk. ;

Liquidity is also an important factor. Investors should be generally aware ;

that corporate bonds,even in mature markets such as the United States ;

and Britain,have fairly limited secondary markets. That is to say. ;

unlike equities or government bonds, ;

they cannot always be sold easily to other investors. ;

Although corporate bonds carry more risk than government bonds, ;

that risk can be controlled to a large extent by credit analysis ;

and other checks on the issuer and the terms of the bond. ;

In return,investor have the opportunity to achieve a good cash income. ;

Buy stocks or bonds? Make your own decision. ;

11-3 The Unique Silicon Valley ;

Text for Interpretation ;

Interpret the following passage from English into Chinese: ;

What makes Silicon Valley so successful and unique? ;

Silicon Valley is a magnet to which numerous talented engineers. ;

scientists and entrepreneurs from overseas flock in search of fame ;

and fast money and to participate enthusiastically ;

in a technological revolulion whose impact on mankind ;

will surely surpass the epoch-making European Renaissance ;

and Industrial Revolution of the bygone age. ;

With the rapid spread of the Internet and the relentless ;

technological innovations generated through it, ;

the information era is truly upon us. profoundly influencing ;

and changing not only our lifestyle, but also the way we work, ;

do business,think and communicate with others. ;

It is noteworthy that close to 50% of its skilled manpower, ;

including engineers, scientists and entrepreneurs, ;

come from Asia. Prominent among them are Indians. ;

Chinese and Singaporeans. They include such illustrious names ;

as Vinod Khosla who co-founded Sun Microsystems. ;

Jerry Yang of Yahoo fame Find Singaporean Sim Wong Hoo. ;

Many countries have, or are in the process of creating, ;

their own "Silicon Valley."So far, ;

none has as yet threatened the preeminence of the U.S. prototype. ;

What makes Silicon Valley such a unique entity? ;

I think there are several crucial factors. ;

First and foremost, it has the largest concentraiion of brilliant computer ;

professionals and the best supporting services in the world. ;

and easy access to world-class research institutions, ;

like Stanford University,which continually nurture would-be geniuses ;

which the industry needs in order to move forward. ;

Without these advantages,the Valley would be a different place. ;

Secondly,it actively encourages,or even exalts,risk-taking. ;

Hence,failure holds no terror and there is no stigma ;

attached to a failed effort.On the contrary, ;

they will try even harder next time round. ;

Such never-say-die approach is the sine qua non for the ultimate triumph ;

in entrcpreneurship and technological breakthrough. ;

A third decisive factor is the vital role of venture capitalists ;

who willingly support promising start-ups with ;

urgently needed initial capital to get them started. ;

Some would even give failed entrepreneurs a second chance ;

if convinced that a fresh concept might lead to eventual success. ;

It is a common practice for start-ups to offer ;

generous share options to employees ;

in order to attract the right talent into their folds. ;

This is a powerful incentive to motivate the staff to do their utmost ;

and to share in the company's prosperity if it reaches its goal. ;

Many regard this as the foundation of a successful enterprise. ;

Those that have become high flyers, such as Netscape. ;

Intel.Cisco and Yahoo,have turned many of their employees, ;

including support staff like secretaries,into dot. ;

com millionaires overnight,often at the relatively young age of 20s or 30s. ;

The valley's professionals are among the most hardworking people anywhere. ;

A l5-hour day and 7-day week is not uncommon. ;

especially during the start-tip stage. They would give up social life, ;

and curtail their family life too, in order to pursue the pot of gold ;

at the end of the rainbow. ;

It is this single- minded pursuit of excellence, ;

supported by strong ethos of teamwork and espril de corps, ;

that sustain them until their mission is accomplished. ;

Paper qualification, though useful,is not a be all and end all. ;

More weight is given to a candidate's proven abilities ;

and aptitude for the job.This is amply demonstrated by ;

industry icons like Apple's Jobs and Wozniak and Microsoft's Gates, ;

all college dropouts who might not have emerged ;

in a qualifieation- conscious community. ;

While racial prejudice no doubt still exists in the United States, ;

it is hardly discernible in the Valley. ;

What counts most is one's vision and track  record, ;

and not one's nationality,skin color or creed. ;

This,together with its multiracial society, ;

informal lifestyle and agreeable climate, ;

lures foreigners to its shores. ;

Its phenomenal success has led to a worldwide fever to proliferate dot, ;

com companies,both as a prestigious symbol and a quicker way to wealth. ;

In consequence, many bright young people have given up ;

their secure jobs to join in the race. ;

But the reality is that,because of its high-risk nature, ;

for every success story there are hundreds who will fall by the wayside. ;

However,with the collapse of the U.S. NASDAQ share index. ;

the share options held by numerous paper dot.com millionaires have ;

become virtually worthless in these changed circumstances. ;

Those who could not take the hit,as it were, ;

left their employment feeling disillusioned. ;

Be that as it may. the majority in the Valley views this traumatic experience ;

only as a temporary setback for the industry. ;

They are sanguine that its longer- term prospects remain bright ;

as the ultimate potential of the ;

information age has not yet run its full course. ;

They are confident that it will flourish well into this century ;

provided it maintains its cutting-edge in ;

science and technology. ;

11-4 On Patent Laws Text for Interpretation ;

Interpret the following passage from English into Chinese: ;

Today,we,pioneers and leaders of electronic commerce, ;

are meeting here to call for changes in US patent laws. ;

We believe such changes are needed to deal with new business models ;

related to the growth of the Internet. ;

I share the same view with Jeff Bezos, ;

chief executive of online bookseller Amazon-dot-com. ;

Mr.Bezos argued in an open letter that current patent laws ;

could end up harming all kinds of businesses if the laws ;

were not adapted to new business methods used in e-commerce. ;

I think US Patent laws are designed to protect ;

the commercial rights of people who have invested in new products, ;

systems or methods. Hereby I propose that the period of protection offered ;

by patents should be cut from 17 years to about 4 years. ;

I also propose a one month period of public consultation before patents ;

are issued.The purpose of these changes is to ensure ;

that patented business models and software are more quickly ;

released into the public domain. ;

Amazon was once under criticism for allegedly ahusing current laws ;

by patenting business methods that are so general in scope ;

they should be available to everyone. ;

Two examples include Amazon's patent for the so-called one click purchasing ;

option on its World Wide Web site and its program for ;

paying other web sites that refer customers to the Amazon site. ;

From my experience of working with Hi-Technology companies ;

in California's Silicon Valley, the biggest problems arise ;

when existing patent protections for business methods ;

are combined with the Internet. ;

When you combine the ability to patent business methods with the advent of ;

the Internet you have a very interesting coincidence. ;

The Internet,because it is brand new, provides a new way of doing just ;

about everything.You can have electronic shopping carts on the Internet ;

that mimic the shopping carts in the real world. ;

But because it is in a new environment, a new medium, ;

that is sufficiently novel to obtain a patent on that idea. ;

If changes in the patent laws are going to have any real impact, ;

they must be made soon, before too many more new ;

business method patents are issued. Some of my colleagues ;

in the industry have already begun lobbying lawmakers to make the changes. ;

But we have to be a little bit more patient because ;

it will take at least two years for any changes proposed now to be approved ;

by lawmakers and established as law. ;

Sentences in Focus ;

Interpret the following sentences from English into Chinese: ;

1.Today I'll focus on the importance of entrepreneurial culture, ;

drawing on the lesson from a few outstanding cases. ;

2.The truth is, really successful transformations are ;

the exception rather than the rule. ;

3.Changing the core values,the attitudes, ;

and the fundamental relationships of a vast organization ;

is overwhelmingly difficult. ;

4.Too much emphasis on earnings growth and individual initiative, ;

coupled with a shocking absence of the usual corporate checks and balances, ;

turned the company's entrepreneurial culture from one that rewarded ;

aggressive strategy to one that increasingly relied on unethical means. ;

5.The new entrepreneurial culture encourages ;

the "loose and tight"environment. ;

The idea is to combine light controls with ;

maximum individual authority to allow entrepreneurship ;

to flourish without the culture edging into chaos. ;

6.Bonds appeal to investors because of their scope for ;

capital approciation. ;

7.Investors consider investing some money in bonds ;

because they will be able to achieve a higher return than cash deposits. ;

8.In a nutshell,an investor should consider investing in bonds ;

as an alternative for the purpose of diversification in investment. ;

9.In recent years, financial markets have become ;

increasingly polarized between growth and security. ;

10.Credit rating agencies,such as Moody's and Standard & Poors, ;

assign ratings both to entities issuing bonds ;

and to specific corporate bond issues, ;

and indicate possible risk in financial investment. ;

11.Silicon Valley is a magnet to which numerous talented engineers, ;

scientists and entrepreneurs from ;

overseas flock in search of fame and gain. ;

12.First and foremost,Silicon Valley has ;

the largest concentration of brilliant computer professionals ;

and the best supporting services in the world. ;

13.The never-say-die approach is the sine qua non ;

for the ultimate triumph in cntrepreneurship ;

and technological breakthrough. ;

14.They willingly support promising start-ups with urgently ;

needed initial capital to get them started. ;

15.Paper qualification, though useful, ;

is not a be all and end all. ;

16.Because of its high-risk nature, ;

for every success story there are hundreds who will fall by the wayside. ;

17.Today,we,pioneers and leaders of electronic commerce, ;

are meeting here to call together for ;

changes in the existing patent laws. ;

18.I propose a one-month period of public consultation ;

before patents are issued. ;

Unit 12 ;

Interpreting Business Speeches Chinese-English Interpretation ;

12-1 The Growing Financial Industry ;

Text for Interpretation ;

Interpret the following passage from Chinese into English: ;

先生们，女士们： 我今天想谈一下上海 金融业的现状与发展 趋势。 ;

众所周知，目前的亚洲 是全球经济发展最为 迅速的地区， ;

中国是亚洲经济增长 最快的国家，上海更是 中国经济发展最引入瞩 目的城市之一。 ;

在上个世纪三四十年 代，上海曾是远东最大 的国际金融中心。 ;

今天，鉴于上海特殊的 历史地位与地理优势， 亦基于中国经济强劲 发展的实力， ;

这座城市重建远东国际 金融中心的势态已成 定局。 ;

中国改革的总设计师、 已故的邓小平先生早 在1992年来沪时便明 确提出， ;

“中国在金融方面取得 国际地位．首先要靠 上海。 ;

”中国决策层已决心 尽快将上海建成国际 经济、金融、贸易中 心城市。 ;

经过15年的金融发展 与改革，上海金融机构 迅速发展。 ;

目前上海已形成了以 中央银行(即中国人民 银行)为领导。 ;

以国有商业银行为主 体，各种金融机构并 存，发展比较健全的 金融机构组织体系。 ;

近10年来．外资金融 机构纷纷抢滩上海， 其中包括外资银行、 外资财务公司、 ;

外资保险公司和外资 金融机构代表处。 与此同时，上海金融市 场迅速发展。 ;

迄今为止，上海已建成 了具有一定规模与相当 影响的比较完整的金融 市场体系， ;

其中包括证券市场、 外汇市场、贴现市场、 保险市场、金银买卖 市场等。 ;

上海证券市场的发展最 为瞩目，已成为辐射 全国、影响深远的国 内最大的资本市场。 ;

随着我国改革开放的 深入和综合国力的 增强， ;

上海金融业必将在更高 层次上得到全面拓展。 根据上海市政府制定的 社会和经济发展蓝图， ;

到2010年，上海将基本 建成国际经济、金融、 贸易中心之一，全方位 介入国际金融活动， ;

外汇市场，资本市场、 黄金市场实现与世界各 金融中心的全天候交 易， ;

人民币实行自由兑换。 女士们、先生们， 新世纪的上海充满着希 望， ;

是各国富有远见的金融 家和企业家大展鸿图的 黄金宝地。 ;

让我们携手合作， 共图发展大业。谢谢。 ;

12-2 Asian Cooperation Text for Interpretion ;

我很高兴参加博鳌亚洲 论坛首次年会，与大家 共同探讨新世纪亚洲区 域合作与发展的问题。 ;

亚洲是地球上最大的 洲，聚居着世界60％的 人口，资源十分丰富， ;

历史源远流长，文化博 大精深。近年来，在亚 洲国家共同努力下， ;

包容、平等和渐进的 地区合作意识日益加 强，开放、健康和互利 的合作局面正在形成。 ;

亚太经合组织不断发 展，东亚区域合作方 兴未艾， ;

“上海合作组织”顺利 运转。我国与东盟国家 一致同意今后10年内 逐步建立 ;

中国一东盟自由贸易 区，并正就启动谈判进 行接触。 ;

这些将为亚洲国家和地 区扩大交流、深化合 作，提供重要渠道和 机制。 ;

但是，与欧洲和北美区 域合作相比，亚洲区 域合作相对落后。 ;

——段时间以来，许多方 面对亚洲区域合作的 发展方向提出不少独到 见解。 ;

这里，我谈几点看法： ;

第一，以经济合作为 重点，逐步拓展全方位 合作。 ;

发展经济是亚洲各国的 首要任务。从实际需要 和实践看， ;

可以把贸易、交通、 农业、信息、能源作 为优先合作领域，并逐 步向其他领域扩展。 ;

第二，立足现有合作渠 道，不断扩大合作范 围。 ;

东亚、南亚、西亚和 中亚地理上相对独立， 经济发展各有特色。 ;

从便利性和有效性看， 应首先加强次区域合 作，在此基础上，积极 探索泛亚合作的途径。 ;

第三，进一步拓展双边 合作，增强区域合作的 基础。 ;

加强双边合作有利于 推动区域合作的顺利 发展。 ;

区域合作也有利于为 双边开辟更广阔的空 间。两者可以形成良 性互动。 ;

第四，实行开放式地区 合作。合作不可能自 我封闭，更不应形成排 他性集团。 ;

亚洲国家应通过APEC、 亚欧会议和东亚一拉美 合作论坛等渠道， ;

进一步加强与各大洲国 家的合作。 中国是亚洲的一员。 ;

20多年来．中国坚定 不移地推进改革开放， 加速国民经济发展。 ;

中国改革开放和现代 化的新跨越，不仅将给 中国人民带来巨大 福祉， ;

也必将提供无限商机， 为亚洲和世界经济合作 开辟新的广阔空间。 ;

加入世贸组织，是中国 对外开放的新起点。 ;

我们将在更大范围和更 深程度上参与国际经济 合作与竞争。 ;

中国将进一步向亚洲和 世界开放，向各国的企 业家、投资者开放。 ;

我们恪守人世承诺， 有步骤地扩大开放领 域，降低关税水平， 取消非关税壁垒。 ;

我们也将不断完善法 治，创造更加公平、 透明和可预见的市场 环境。 ;

同时，我们还将大力 实施“走出去”战略， 鼓励中国各种所有制企 业走向世界。 ;

中国人民热爱和平， 中国的发展需要和平。 亚洲人民勤劳智慧， 自强不息。 ;

中国人民愿与亚洲各国 人民一道，携手共创 美好未来。 ;