官方发布肉夹馍英译Rougamo：菜名该如何翻？
英语课
With thousands of years of history in growing wheat, the southwestern Chinese city of Xi'an - an ancient Chinese capital famous for the Terracotta Warriors 1 - is home to many kinds of flour-based food.
位于中国西南部的西安，是中国古都之一，因兵马俑而闻名于世，也是众多面食的起源地。
“Rou Jia Mo” - a popular “meat burger” or “meat sandwich” consisting of chopped meat inside a pita-like bun, is one of them. Now, the delicacy 2 has got an official English name: Rougamo - a transliteration of its Chinese pronunciation.
“肉夹馍”就是其中之一。它是一种中国流行的“肉汉堡”或“夹肉三明治”，肉末夹于圆面饼之中。现在，这一美味有了自己的官方英文名：Rougamo, 根据其中文发音而来。
The burger is also known as “the world’s oldest hamburger”(as cited in a Huffington Post report in April 2015) –it is thought to date back to the Qin Dynasty, over 2,000 years ago.
据说，肉夹馍是世界上最古老的汉堡(外媒：汉堡起源于中国肉夹馍?!>>>)——其历史要追溯到距今2000多年的秦朝。
The Xi’an Quality and Technical Supervision 3 Bureau coined an English name for the burger in order to further promote the food. The authority has, at the same time, released a recommended recipe to make Rougamo in order to maintain its taste and reputation, according to the local newspaper Xi’an Daily on Thursday.
西安市质监局为肉夹馍创造出这样一个英文名是为了进一步推销这一美食。周四，据西安当地报纸西安日报报道，与此同时官方也发布了一份制作肉夹馍的推荐食谱，从而保证肉夹馍的口感和声誉。
Recipes to make several other local dishes (which are also well-received across China) have also been unveiled, including “Pita Bread Soaked in Beef Soup” and “Pita Bread Soaked in Lamb Soup”.
官方也发布了另外一些当地美食(享誉中国)的食谱，包括“牛肉泡馍”及“羊肉泡馍”。
中文菜名的英译应该是我们大中华儿女人手必备的一项技能啊，为了把祖国的料理发扬光大安利向全世界，当然除了肉夹馍这样，突然措手不及发布的“官方译法”我们要背·诵·下来以外，其实中文菜名的英译在实战中是有一定技巧的，英语君来教你，以后翻译菜名都不是事儿!
一、以主料开头的翻译方法
1、介绍菜肴的主料和辅料：
公式：主料(形状)+(with)辅料
例：杏仁鸡丁chicken cubes with almond
牛肉豆腐beef with bean curd 4
西红柿炒蛋Scrambled 5 egg with tomato
2、介绍菜肴的主料和味汁：
公式：主料(形状)+(with,in)味汁
例：芥末鸭掌duck webs with mustard sauce
葱油鸡chicken in Scallion oil
米酒鱼卷fish rolls with rice wine
二、以烹制方法开头的翻译方法
1、介绍菜肴的烹法和主料：
公式：烹法+主料(形状)
例：软炸里脊soft-fried pork fillet
烤乳猪roast suckling pig
炒鳝片Stir-fried eel 6 slices
2、介绍菜肴的烹法和主料、辅料
公式：烹法+主料(形状)+(with)辅料
仔姜烧鸡条braised chicken fillet with tender ginger 7
3、介绍菜肴的烹法、主料和味汁：
公式：烹法+主料(形状)+(with,in)味汁
例：红烧牛肉braised beef with brown sauce
鱼香肉丝fried shredded 8 pork with Sweet and sour sauce
清炖猪蹄stewed 9 pig hoof 10 in clean soup
三、以形状或口感开头的翻译方法
1、介绍菜肴的形状(口感)和主料、辅料
公式：形状(口感)+主料+(with)辅料
例：芝麻酥鸡crisp chicken with sesame
陈皮兔丁diced 11 rabbit with orange peel
时蔬鸡片sliced chicken with seasonal 12 vegetables
2、介绍菜肴的口感、烹法和主料
公式：口感+烹法+主料
例：香酥排骨crisp fried spareribs
水煮嫩鱼tender stewed fish
香煎鸡块fragrant 13 fried chicken
3、介绍菜肴的形状(口感)、主料和味汁
公式：形状(口感)+主料+(with)味汁
例：茄汁鱼片sliced fish with tomato sauce
椒麻鸡块cutlets chicken with hot pepper
黄酒脆皮虾仁crisp shrimps 14 with rice wine sauce
四、以人名或地名开头的翻译方法
1、介绍菜肴的创始人(发源地)和主料
公式：人名(地名)+主料
例：麻婆豆腐Ma Po beancurd
四川水饺Sichuan boiled dumpling
2、介绍菜肴的创始人(发源地)、烹法和主料
公式：人名(地名)+烹法+主料
例：东坡煨肘DongPo stewed pork joint 15
北京烤鸭Roast Beijing Duck
在中餐菜名翻译成英文的过程中，可以采用多种不同的方法，而且每一道菜都可以从不同的角度入手进行翻译。例如，川菜中的"宫保鸡丁"这道菜就有以下几种译法：
1.sauteed chicken cubes with peanuts
2.Gongbao chicken cubes
3.diced chicken with chilli and peanuts
武士，勇士，战士( warrior的名词复数 )
- I like reading the stories ofancient warriors. 我喜欢读有关古代武士的故事。
- The warriors speared the man to death. 武士们把那个男子戳死了。
n.精致，细微，微妙，精良；美味，佳肴
- We admired the delicacy of the craftsmanship.我们佩服工艺师精巧的手艺。
- He sensed the delicacy of the situation.他感觉到了形势的微妙。
n.监督，管理
- The work was done under my supervision.这项工作是在我的监督之下完成的。
- The old man's will was executed under the personal supervision of the lawyer.老人的遗嘱是在律师的亲自监督下执行的。
n.凝乳；凝乳状物
- I'd like to add some pepper to the bean curd.我想在豆腐里加一点辣椒粉。
- The next one is bean curd with crab roe.下一个是蟹黄豆腐。
v.快速爬行( scramble的过去式和过去分词 )；攀登；争夺；（军事飞机）紧急起飞
- Each scrambled for the football at the football ground. 足球场上你争我夺。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
- He scrambled awkwardly to his feet. 他笨拙地爬起身来。 来自《简明英汉词典》
n.鳗鲡
- He used an eel spear to catch an eel.他用一只捕鳗叉捕鳗鱼。
- In Suzhou,there was a restaurant that specialized in eel noodles.苏州有一家饭馆，他们那里的招牌菜是鳗鱼面。
n.姜，精力，淡赤黄色；adj.淡赤黄色的；vt.使活泼，使有生气
- There is no ginger in the young man.这个年轻人没有精神。
- Ginger shall be hot in the mouth.生姜吃到嘴里总是辣的。
shred的过去式和过去分词
- Serve the fish on a bed of shredded lettuce. 先铺一层碎生菜叶，再把鱼放上，就可以上桌了。
- I think Mapo beancurd and shredded meat in chilli sauce are quite special. 我觉得麻婆豆腐和鱼香肉丝味道不错。 来自《简明英汉词典》
adj.焦虑不安的，烂醉的v.炖( stew的过去式和过去分词 )；煨；思考；担忧
- When all birds are shot, the bow will be set aside;when all hares are killed, the hounds will be stewed and eaten -- kick out sb. after his services are no longer needed. 鸟尽弓藏，兔死狗烹。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
- \"How can we cook in a pan that's stewed your stinking stockings? “染臭袜子的锅，还能煮鸡子吃！还要它？” 来自汉英文学 - 中国现代小说
n.(马，牛等的)蹄
- Suddenly he heard the quick,short click of a horse's hoof behind him.突然间，他听见背后响起一阵急骤的马蹄的得得声。
- I was kicked by a hoof.我被一只蹄子踢到了。
v.将…切成小方块，切成丁( dice的过去式和过去分词 )
- The meat should be finely diced for this dish. 做这种菜肴肉必须细细切成小方块。 来自辞典例句
- Arther diced himself into debt. 亚瑟因掷骰子而负了债。 来自辞典例句
adj.季节的，季节性的
- The town relies on the seasonal tourist industry for jobs.这个城镇依靠季节性旅游业提供就业机会。
- The hors d'oeuvre is seasonal vegetables.餐前小吃是应时蔬菜。
adj.芬香的，馥郁的，愉快的
- The Fragrant Hills are exceptionally beautiful in late autumn.深秋的香山格外美丽。
- The air was fragrant with lavender.空气中弥漫薰衣草香。
n.虾，小虾( shrimp的名词复数 )；矮小的人
- Shrimps are a popular type of seafood. 小虾是比较普遍的一种海味。 来自《简明英汉词典》
- I'm going to have shrimps for my tea. 傍晚的便餐我要吃点虾。 来自辞典例句
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肉夹馍