时间:2019-02-07 作者:英语课 分类:英语口语


英语课

 “结石”怎么说


如果说,calculus 1(微积分)还有一层含义,即表示日常最令人痛之欲绝的“结石”,您会不会很很惊异?calculus(微积分)和calculus(结石)之间从词源上讲有无联系呢?今天的“词海拾贝”可以帮您解答以上的疑问。
要理解calculus(结石),得从数学的“童年”说起。原始社会,人类在狩猎活动中要与野果、木棒、石头等打交道。久而久之,便有了数量的意识。这种对数的认识往往与实物联系在一起。对古人而言,算术就是摆弄小石子,用小石子代表数也是很自然的事。在当时,这些小石子用calculi(calculus的复数形式)来表示,源于拉丁词根“calx”(一种石灰石)。 正是在数calculi(小石子)的基础上,人类才有了以后严密的“数学计算”,名词calculation(计算)正是源于此。到17世纪,人们开始用calculus来特指更为高等、更为抽象的数学演算法,即“微积分”。了解了“微积分”和“小石子”之间的这层关系,再来理解形似小石子的“结石”可用calculus来表示应该没有什么难度了吧? 看个例举:A small calculus was eliminated from the bladder.(膀胱里的一粒小结石已经被除掉了。) 值得一提的是,因为calculus现在指高精密的数学演算法,所以可以延伸为“周密的分析或思考”,如:The success of expedition was the result of much calculus.(这次探险的成功是周密分析思考的结果。)

n.微积分;结石
  • This is a problem where calculus won't help at all.对于这一题,微积分一点也用不上。
  • After studying differential calculus you will be able to solve these mathematical problems.学了微积分之后,你们就能够解这些数学题了。
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