经济金融术语汉英对照表 Y-Z

 　　Y

　　养老基金 pension fund
　　一刀切 universal application;non-discretionary implementation
　　一级市场 primary market
　　应收未收利息 overdue interest
　　银行网点 banking outlets
　　赢利能力 profitability
　　营业税 business tax
　　硬贷款（商业贷款） commercial loans
　　用地审批 to grant land use right
　　有管理的浮动汇率 managed floating exchange rate
　　证券投资 portfolio investment
　　游资（热钱） hot money
　　有市场的产品 marketable products
　　有效供给 effective supply
　　诱发新一轮经济扩张 trigger a new round of economic expansion
　　逾期贷款 overdue loans;past-due loans
　　与国际惯例接轨 to become compatible with internationally accepted
　　与国际市场接轨 to integrate with the world market
　　预算外支出（收入） off-budget （extra-budgetary） expenditure（revenue）
　　预调 pre-emptive adjustment
　　月环比 on a month-on-month basis; on a monthly basis
　　Z
　　再贷款 central bank lending
　　在国际金融机构储备头寸 reserve position in international financial institutions
　　在人行存款 deposits at （with） the central bank
　　在途资金 fund in float
　　增加农业投入 to increase investment in agriculture
　　增势减缓 deceleration of growth;moderation of growthmomentum
　　增收节支措施 revenue-enhancing and expenditure control measures
　　增长平稳 steady growth
　　增值税 value-added tax（VAT）
　　涨幅偏高 higher-than-desirable growth rate;excessive growth
　　账外账 concealed accounts
　　折旧 depreciation
　　整顿 retrenchment;consolidation
　　政策工具 policy instrument
　　政策性业务 policy-related operations
　　政策性银行 policy banks
　　政策组合 policy mix
　　政府干预 government intervention
　　证券交易清算 settlement of securities transactions
　　证券业务占款 funding of securities purchase
　　支付困难 payment difficulty
　　支付能力 payment capacity
　　直接调控方式向 to increase the reliance on indirect policy instruments
　　间接调控方式转变职能转换 transformation of functions
　　职业道德 professional ethics
　　指令性措施 mandatory measures
　　指令性计划 mandatory plan;administered plan
　　制定和实施货币政策 to conduct monetary policy;to formulate and implement monetary policy
　　滞后影响 lagged effect
　　中介机构 intermediaries
　　中央与地方财政 delineation of fiscal responsibilities
　　分灶吃饭重点建设 key construction projects;key investment project
　　周期谷底 bottom（trough）of business cycle
　　周转速度 velocity
　　主办银行 main bank
　　主权风险 sovereign risk
　　注册资本 registered capital
　　逐步到位 to phase in;phased implementation
　　逐步取消 to phase out
　　抓大放小 to seize the big and free the small（to maintain close oversight on the large state-ownedenterprises and subject smaller ones to market competition）
　　专款专用 use of funds as ear-marked
　　转贷 on-lending
　　转轨经济 transition economy
　　转机 turnaround
　　转折关头 turning point
　　准财政赤字 quasi-fiscal deficit
　　准货币 quasi-money
　　资本不足 under-capitalized
　　资本充足率 capital adequacy ratio
　　资本利润率 return on capital
　　资本账户可兑换 capital account convertibility
　　资不抵债 insolvent;insolvency
　　资产负债表 balance sheet
　　资产负债率 liability/asset ratio;ratio of liabilities to assets
　　资产集中 asset concentration
　　资产贡献率 asset contribution factor
　　资产利润率 return on assets （ROA）
　　资产质量 asset quality
　　资产组合 asset portfolio
　　资金成本 cost of funding;cost of capital;financing cost
　　资金到位 fully funded （project）
　　资金宽裕 to have sufficient funds
　　资金利用率 fund utilization rate
　　资金缺口 financing gap
　　资金体外循环 financial disintermediation
　　资金占压 funds tied up
　　自筹投资项目 self-financed projects
　　自有资金 equity fund
　　综合国力 overall national strength（often measured by GDP）
　　综合效益指标 overall efficiency indicator
　　综合治理 comprehensive adjustment（retrenchment）;over-haul
　　总成交额 total contract value
　　总交易量 total amount of transactions
　　总成本 total cost
　　最后贷款人 lender of last resort