新视野大学英语读写教程词汇 第二册 Unit 1a
时间：2018-12-04 作者：英语课 分类：新视野大学英语读写教程词汇 第二册
<MUSIC>sound/unit01_newwords_a.mp3</MUSIC>
<TITLE>New Words</TITLE>
||<1>budget |v.|plan carefully how much of sth. will be needed |（为...）作出安排
|| ||She has learned how to budget her time carefully. |她已学会了怎么精心安排自己的时间。
|| ||The government has budgeted 10 million dollars for education spending. |政府在预算中拨款一千万美元作为教育经费。
|| |vi.|plan the spending of money carefully |制定预算
|| ||As a student, you have to learn how to budget. |作为学生，你得学会如何制定开支计划。
|| |n.|[C] the amount of money a person or organization has to spend on sth. |预算
|| ||It is important to balance one's budget. |使收支平衡十分重要。
|| ||They are preparing the company's advertising budget for 2007. |他们正在制定公司2007年的广告预算。
|@|<2>charge|v.|ask sb. for an amount of money for a service |向...收费，要价
|| ||We do not charge for delivery. |我们免费送货上门。
|| ||The doctor charged us 400 dollars for a five-minute examination. |医生做一次5分钟的检查要了我们400美元。
||<3>acute |a.|1. quick to notice sth. |敏感的；敏锐的
|| ||Dogs have an acute sense of smell. |狗有灵敏的嗅觉。
|| ||The critical professional requires unusually acute observation. |评论家需要非常敏锐的观察力。
|| ||2. very serious or severe |严重的
|| ||The president suffered acute embarrassment from this news. |这一新闻使总统十分难堪。
|| ||He felt acute pain on his back. |他感到背部很疼。
|■|<4>hourglass |n.|[C] |（计时用的）沙漏
|| ||The use of the hourglass dates back to almost two thousand years ago in China. |沙漏的使用在中国可追溯到差不多2千年前。
||<5>restless |a.|unable to keep still because one is nervous, bored, or impatient |烦躁的；不安静的
|| ||After one month in the job, he felt restless and decided to leave. |这工作他干了一个月就感到厌倦，于是决定不干了。
|| ||The children grew restless with the long wait. |等的时间一长，孩子们就逐渐躁动不安起来。
||<6> <em>restlessly</em> |ad. |in a restless manner; impatiently |烦躁地；不安静地
|| ||She walked back and forth restlessly in her room. |她焦躁不安地在房间里走来走去。
|| ||He moved about restlessly, lighting a cigarette. |他焦躁不安地走来走去，点燃了一支烟。
||<7>elbow |vt.|push sb. with the elbows |用肘推（或撞）人
|| ||He elbowed me out of the way. |他用肘把我推开了。
|| ||She elbowed her way forward. |她用胳膊肘推挤着向前走。
|| |n.|[C] the joint where the arm bends |肘
|| ||He sat with his elbows on the table. |他坐着，双肘架在桌上。
|| ||His arm was wrapped from the elbow to the fingers. |他的胳膊从肘部一直包扎到手指。
||<8>abrupt |a. |1. (of behavior) rough; offensive |粗鲁的，无礼的
|| ||The manager was offended by his abrupt reply. |经理被他的粗鲁的回答激怒了。
|| ||The head teacher is very abrupt with parents. |主任老师对家长们的态度很粗鲁。
|| ||2. sudden and unexpected |突然的，意外的
|| ||The road is full of many abrupt turns. |这条路有许多急转弯。
|| ||His abrupt departure surprised everyone. |他突然离去，使大家都很吃惊。
||<9>opening |a.|beginning; starting |开始的
|| ||He left after the opening speech of the debate. |辩论会的开场白之后他就走了。
|| ||The queen attended the opening night of the theatre. |女王观看了这家剧院的首夜演出。
|| |n.|1. [C] an occasion when a new building, road, etc. is used for the first time, esp. one that involves a ceremony |开业典礼；落成典礼
|| ||the opening of a new highway |一条新公路的通车典礼
|| ||Many attended the opening of the new sports center. |很多人参加了新体育中心的落成典礼。
|| ||2. [C] a position that is available in a business or firm |空缺职位
|| ||There are few openings in publishing for new graduates. |出版行业能为新毕业的大学生提供的空缺职位极少。
|| ||I'm trying to apply for an opening in an advertising firm. |我正在申请广告公司的一个空缺职位。
||<10>ritual |a.|done regularly and in the same way |例行的；惯常的
|| ||Every day the work begins with the ritual greetings. |每天的工作以例行的问候开始。
|| ||They made ritual apology and left. |他们做了程式化的道歉，然后就离开了。
|| |n.|[C, U] sth. done regularly and in the same way |惯例
|| ||Wives make a ritual of their household duties. |家庭主妇每天都是一成不变地操持家务。
|| ||I've wound up the clock so many times that it has become a ritual. |我经常给钟上发条，以致这已成了我的习惯。
||<11>interaction |n. |1. [C, U] communication |交流
|| ||The interaction of the two groups produced many good ideas. |两个组通过相互交流提出了许多不错的见解。
|| ||If there was more interaction between the two, their problems would be solved. |如果双方有更多的沟通，他们的问题会得到解决。
|| ||2. [C, U] a process by which two or more things affect each other |相互作用；相互影响
|| ||the interaction of two medicines |两种药之间的相互作用
|| ||The interaction between different police forces would improve the rate of solving crimes. |警方相互合作可以提高破案率。
|@|<12>convention|n.|1. [C, U] general, usu. unspoken agreement about how people should act or behave in certain situations |习俗；惯例
|| ||By convention, the leader is always a man. |按照惯例，领导总是由男性担任。
|| ||Wearing a coat and tie is an accepted convention on such an occasion. |在那种场合，穿外套系领带是约定俗成的穿着要求。
|| ||2. [C] a meeting of members of a profession, political party, etc. |会议；大会
|| ||They hold the annual convention in July. |他们每年7月召开年度会议。
|| ||The convention decided on a new rule. |大会就一项新规定作出决议。
||<13>leisure |n.|1. [U] time free from work or other duties; spare time |空闲，闲暇
|| ||We've been working all week without a moment's leisure. |我们已整整干了一周，无一刻闲暇。
|| ||He has some leisure from his studies. |他在学习之余有些空闲时间。
|| ||2. [U] ease |悠闲，安逸
|| ||A life of easy leisure makes a man less adventurous. |安逸的生活会使人变得不思进取。
|| ||After she retired, she lived in leisure at home. |她退休后闲居在家。
||<14> <em>leisurely</em> |a. |without hurrying |从容的；不匆忙的
|| ||walk at a leisurely pace |迈着从容的步伐行进
|| ||Her walked at a more leisurely pace. |他慢悠悠地走着。
|@|<15>assess |vt.|judge or decide the amount, value, quality, or importance of sb. or sth. |评价，评估
|| ||They assessed the value of the house at $600,000. |他们估算这幢房子值60万美元。
|| ||They say they can assess intelligence from these tests. |他们声称通过这些测试能对智力进行评估。
||<16>surroundings |n. |(pl.) all the objects, conditions, etc. that are around and may affect sb. or sth.; environment |周围的事物；环境
|| ||pleasant surroundings |令人愉快的环境
|| ||The new surroundings made the children very happy. |新的环境让孩子们很开心。
||<17>probe |v. |try to find out the truth about sth. |调查；探究
|| ||The matter must be probed to the bottom. |这件事必须彻底调查。
|| ||She tried to probe his mind to find out what he was thinking. |她试图探究他的心思，以便知道他在想些什么。
|| |n.|[C] |探针（医生检查伤口用的钝头细长工具）
|| ||The doctor lost the probe during the operation. |手术过程中，医生弄丢了探针。
|@|<18>social |a.|1. relating to society and people's lives in general |社会的
|| ||Governments have made efforts to improve women's social and economic status. |政府已作出努力以提高妇女的社会地位和经济地位。
|| ||Not least important, marriage is a great social stabilizer of men. |很重要的是，婚姻是促使男子稳定的一大社会因素。
|| ||2. relating to meeting people and spending time with them |社交的
|| ||She often attends social gatherings. |她常出席社交聚会。
|| ||His reasons for calling were purely social. |他来访的原因纯粹是为了社交。
||<19> <em>socially</em> |ad.| |与社会 (或社交) 相关地
|| ||We have known each other socially for a long time. |我们相交已久。
|| ||For socially ambitious couples this is a problem. |对社交上雄心勃勃的夫妇来说，这是一个问题。
||<20>tick |vi.|(of a clock or watch) make a short repeated sound |（钟、表等）滴答响
|| ||The old clock ticked noisily. |那口老钟的滴答声很响。
|| ||My watch doesn't tick because it's electronic. |我的表不滴嗒作响，因为它是电子表。
|| |n.|[sing.] the short repeated sound that a clock or watch makes |（钟、表的）滴答声
|| ||The continual tick of the clock got on my nerves. |钟不断地作响，令我心烦。
|| ||The ticks seem to be coming from that bag over there. |滴答声似乎是从那边的袋子里发出的。
||<21>consequently |ad. |as a result |因此，所以
|| ||My car broke down and consequently I was late. |我的汽车半路上出了毛病，所以来晚了。
|| ||I spent most of my money in the first week and consequently had very little to spend on food during the last few days of the holidays. |我在假期第一周就用掉了大部分钱，因此最后几天几乎没什么钱买吃的了。
|@|<22>device |n.|1. [C] a machine or tool for a special purpose |器械，装置
|| ||He made a device to make the door shut by itself. |他制作了一种能使门自动关闭的装置。
|| ||A computer is a device for processing information. |计算机是一种处理信息的装置。
|| ||2. [C] a way of doing sth. |方法，手段
|| ||Her illness is only a device to escape seeing him.| 她所谓生病只是回避见他的一种策略。
|| ||By various devices he was able to make a huge fortune. |他通过各种手段赚了一大笔钱。
||<23>fax |n.|[C] |传真；传真机
|| ||I'll send you a fax with the details of the meeting. |我会把会议的细节用传真发给你。
|| ||I'll send you the agreement by fax. |我会把合同用传真发给你。
||<24>email |n.|[C, U] |(also e-mail) 电子邮件
|| ||Nowadays people send far more emails than letters by post. |现今人们发送的电子邮件远多于信件。
|| ||They keep in touch by email. |他们通过电子邮件保持联系。
||<25>given |prep.|taking sth. into account; considering |如果考虑到
|| ||Given the uncertainty over my husband's future I was left with little other choice. |鉴于我丈夫前途的不确定性，我别无选择。
|| ||Given the circumstances, you've done really well. |考虑到环境因素，你做得已经很出色了。
||<26> <em>gathering</em> |n.|[C] a meeting |集会，聚会
|| ||I met him once or twice at family gatherings. |我在家庭聚会上遇到过他一两次。
|| ||Soon afterwards, the gathering broke up and the guests took their leave. |不多久，聚会结束，客人告辞。
||<27> <em>impersonality</em> |n. |[U] the quality of not showing or including personal feelings |不牵涉个人感情；无人情味
|| ||It was a system of impersonality; it made no difference who you were, so long as you could master its rules. |这是一项不牵涉个人感情的制度，只要你掌握规则，你是谁都无关紧要。
|@|<28>electronic|a.|1. using devices such as radios, televisions, computers, etc. |使用电子设备的
|| ||This dictionary is available in electronic form. |这部词典有电子版本。
|| ||I've only now become familiar with the benefits of electronic banking. |我现在才熟悉电子银行的优点。
|| ||2. produced or operated by a flow of electrons |电子的
|| ||an electronic address book |电子地址簿
|| ||an electronic game |电子游戏
|@|<29>significance |n. |[sing., U] the importance of an event, action, etc. |重要性；重要意义
|| ||Could you explain to me the significance of this part of the agreement? |请把合同中这部分的含义给我解释一下好吗？
|| ||Few people realized the significance of the discovery. |几乎没人意识到这一发现的重要性。
|@|<30>conduct |vt.|1. carry out |进行；实施
|| ||conduct an experiment |做实验
|| ||We have been conducting a survey of the region. |我们对该地区进行了调查。
|| ||2. act as the path for electricity, heat, etc. |传导（电或热）
|| ||Copper conducts electricity well. |铜具有良好的导电性能。
|| ||He wasn't sure if rubber conducted electricity. |他不能肯定橡胶是否导电。
|| |n.|[U] the way sb. behaves |行为，举止
|| ||The prisoner was set free early because of good conduct. |那个囚犯因表现好而被提前释放。
|| ||Nobody can stand such shameless conduct. |没有人能容忍如此不知羞耻的行为。
||<31>increasingly |ad. |more and more |日益；愈加
|| ||Increasingly, people are realizing that our basic problems are not economic ones. |人们逐渐认识到我们的根本问题并不是经济问题。
|| ||The country became increasingly rich and successful. |这个国家日趋富足昌盛。
||<32>conference |n.|[C] a formal meeting |（正式）会议
|| ||The Institute of Accountants is holding its conference in Edinburgh this year. |会计师协会正在爱丁堡举行今年的会议。
|| ||She's an organizer of the International Conference on AIDS that the university has every year. |她是大学每年召开的爱滋病国际会议的组织者。
||<33> <em>teleconference</em> |n. |[C] |（通过电话、电视等手段召开的）远程会议
|| ||Holding a teleconference can save time and money. |召开远程会议既省时又省钱。
|| ||The technicians were busy preparing for today's teleconference. |技术人员正忙着为今天的远程会议做准备工作。
|@|<34>obtain |vt.|get sth. that one wants |获得，得到
|| ||He always manages to obtain what he wants. |他想要的他总能弄到。
|| ||Further information can be obtained from our head office. |可以从我们的总部获得更多的资料。
||<35>superb |a.|extremely good |极好的
|| ||The sports center is superb. |这个体育中心是一流的。
|| ||The view from my window is superb. |从窗外看去，景色壮丽。
|@|<36>whereas |conj.|in contrast; while |然而；但是
|| ||He earns $8,000 whereas she gets at least $20,000 every year. |他一年只挣八千美元；而她却至少挣两万美元。
|| ||She is hard-working, whereas he is lazy. |她很勤快，而他却懒惰。
||<37> <em>postal</em> |a. |relating to post; sent by post |邮政的；邮寄的
|| ||Domestic postal services will be reviewed this year. |今年将对国内邮政系统进行评估。
|@|<38>efficient |a.|working well and without wasting time, money, or energy |效率高的
|| ||a very efficient secretary |办事效率高的秘书
|| ||Lighting is now more energy efficient. |现在的照明更节能。
||<39> <em>impolite</em>|a.|not polite |无礼的，失礼的
|| ||It would be impolite to leave in the middle of the meeting. |在会议中途离开会是失礼的。
|| ||She had no wish to appear impolite but there was something about the man that made her so. |她并不想表现出有失礼仪，但那个男子的举止使她不得不如此。
|★|<40>elapse |vi.|(of time) pass |（时间）过去，逝去
|| ||Three years have elapsed since we last met. |自我们上次见面以来，已经过去三年了。
|| ||Four years had elapsed since he left college and still he hadn't found a job. |他大学毕业已四年了，却仍未找到工作。
|@|<41>skillful |a.|(BrE skilful) having or showing ability to do sth. well |熟练的；有技巧的
|| ||He is skillful at inventing excuses. |他善于编造借口。
|| ||Soon they became very skillful in answering such questions. |他们很快变得善于回答这类问题。
||<42> <em>skillfulness</em> |n. |[U] ( BrE skilfulness) |熟练；技巧
|| ||He was admired by all for his skillfulness. |他技术精湛，赢得众人交口称赞。
|| ||His performance tonight speaks volumes for his skillfulness. |他今晚的表现充分说明他技巧之熟练。
|@|<43>competent |a.|having the necessary ability, skill, knowledge, etc. |有能力的；能干的；胜任的
|| ||He's not competent to look after young children. |他不太会照管孩子。
|| ||My secretary is perfectly competent, but she doesn't have much patience. |我的秘书完全能够胜任工作，只是耐心不够。
|@|<44>fulfill ||(BrE fulfil) |
|| |vt.|1. do what one must do |履行；执行
|| ||fulfill an obligation |履行义务
|| ||A nurse has many duties to fulfill in caring for the sick. |护士在护理病人时要履行许多职责。
|| ||2. achieve sth. one wanted to do |实现；完成
|| ||I have fulfilled many of my youthful aims. |我已实现了我年轻时的许多目标。
|| ||Visiting Disneyland has fulfilled a boyhood dream. |游玩迪斯尼实现了他儿时的梦想。
|@|<45>capital |n.|[sing., U] money used to produce more wealth or for starting a business |资本；资金
|| ||Our return on capital has more than doubled since 2000. |2000年以来, 我们的投资收益翻了一番还多。
|| ||Since the stock market crash, companies have been trying to raise capital by selling new stock. |股市崩溃以来，不少公司一直在设法通过销售新股筹集资金。
<TITLE>Phrases and Expressions</TITLE>
||<46>fall behind |move more slowly than other people so that one is behind them |落在...后面
|||She hurt her ankle and fell behind the others. |她的脚踝受伤了，所以落在了其他人后面。
|||His mother was chatting and didn't notice that he had fallen behind. |他妈妈一直在和别人聊天，都没发现他落在了后面。
||<47>result in|make sth. happen; cause |导致；造成...的结果
|||Our efforts resulted in success. |我们的努力取得了成功。
|||If left untreated, the condition will eventually result in blindness. |这种情况如果不治疗，最终会导致失明。
||<48>run out|1. (of food, money, etc.) there is none left |用完；耗尽
|||Their supplies soon ran out. |他们的供给很快就用完了。
|||We must act quickly because time is running out. |时间所剩无几，我们得赶快行动。
|||2. use all of sth. and not have any left |用完；耗尽
|||We can see that the manager is running out of his patience. |我们可以看出，经理快没耐心了。
|||The printer has run out of paper. |打印机的纸用完了。
||<49>in a rush|in a hurry |匆忙地
|||I'm in such a rush that I can't stop. |我忙得手脚不闲，停不下来。
|||Everybody is always in a rush to get ready in the mornings. |早上，每个人的准备工作都总是很匆忙的。
||<50>go with|exist or take place at the same time with sth. else |同时发生；伴随
|||Money does not always go with happiness. |有钱并不一定就幸福。
|||Responsibility goes with becoming a father. |做父亲就得有责任。
||<51>work at|put effort into sth. or doing sth. |致力于；从事
|||I've been working at my essay all day. |我整天都在不停地写文章。
|||You will have to work at the weak points in your English if you want to pass the examination. |你如果想通过考试，就得在你英语薄弱的环节上下功夫。
||<52>in person|doing sth. by oneself |亲身；亲自
|||The winner will be there in person to collect the prize. |获胜者将亲自去那里领奖。
|||I had seen her before on TV, but she looked very different when I met her in person. |我以前在电视上见过她，但当面相见，她却看上去很不一样。
||<53>due to|because of sth. |由于
|||His lateness was due to the very heavy traffic on the way. |他迟到是因为路上车辆太多。
|||His hunger was due to not eating for the entire day. |他整天没吃东西，因此感到饿。
||<54>pour into|give a lot of effort, money, etc. to sth. |大量投入（精力或金钱等）
|||They've poured thousands of dollars into developing the business. |他们已投入数千美元开展业务。
|||A lot of his time was poured into his research. |他的很多时间用在了研究上。