新视野大学英语读写教程词汇 第二册 Unit 9a

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　　<TITLE>New Words</TITLE>

　　||<1>　<em>quitter</em>  |n.     |[C] sb. who gives up easily |轻易放弃的人

　　||||He is by no means a quitter; he never gives up easily. |他决不是轻易放弃的人，他从不轻言放弃。

　　||||Don't be a quitter at any time, even in face of immense difficulties. |任何时候都不要轻易放弃，即使遇到了艰难险阻。

　　||<2>standpoint  |a.     |[C] a way of thinking about sth. |立场；观点

　　||||from an historical standpoint 从历史观点看

　　||||Let's look at this issue from the standpoint of an ordinary voter. |让我们从普通选民的立场来看这件事。

　　|@ |<3>tender      |a.     |gentle and careful |温柔的；亲切的

　　||||She has a tender heart and would never hurt anyone. |她的心肠很软，从来不愿伤害别人。

　　||||She gave him a tender look and smiled. |她含情脉脉地看了他一眼，朝他微笑。

　　|@|<4>equivalent  |n.     |[C] sth. that is equal to sth. else |等同物；对应物

　　||||There is no English equivalent for "bon appetit", so we have adopted the French expression. |英语中没有“祝你好胃口”的对应语，所以我们借用了法语表达法。

　　||||The dress cost the equivalent of a week's salary. |这件衣服等于花了一周的工资。

　　|||a. |of the same value, importance, etc. as sth. else |相等的；对等的

　　||||The president's wish is equivalent to an order. |总统的愿望等同于命令。

　　||||His behavior was equivalent to cheating. |他的行为等于作弊。

　　||<5>bamboo      |n.     |[C, U] |竹子

　　||||a bamboo chair |竹椅

　　||||bamboo chopsticks |竹筷

　　||<6>torture     |n.     |[U] an act of hurting sb. in order to force them to tell sth., or punish them |拷打；折磨

　　||||instruments of torture 刑具

　　||||Torture was formerly used to make people give evidence about crimes, or to make them confess. |酷刑拷打原本用来逼迫受刑者给出犯罪证据，或是认罪。

　　|||vt.|hurt sb. in order to force them to force them to tell sth., or punish them |拷打；折磨

　　||||The cruel boy tortures animals. |那个残酷的男孩折磨动物。

　　||||It was as if Spielberg was tortured by the thought of being "merely a super-director". |“仅仅是个超级导演”的想法似乎折磨着斯皮尔伯格。

　　||<7>Christ |inter. |used to express surprise or anger |天啊

　　||||Christ! I've forgotten the keys! |哎呀！我忘了钥匙！

　　|||n.|Jesus Christ |基督；耶稣基督

　　||<8>utter |vt.    |say sth. |说；讲

　　||||He uttered her name in his sleep. |他在睡梦中呼唤着她的名字。

　　||||I have often wondered who first uttered that simple but profound truth. |我常常在想是谁首先讲出了这个简单而又深刻的道理。

　　|||a.|complete; absolute |完全的；十足的

　　||||She spoke utter nonsense. |她讲的是一派胡言。

　　||||They worked in utter darkness. |他们在一片黑暗中干活。

　　|@|<9>scatter |v.     |(cause to) move in different directions or spread over a wide area |（使）分散；（使）散开

　　||||The policemen blew his whistle and the students scattered in all directions. |警察吹响哨子，学生们朝各个方向散去。

　　||||The new mayor advocates that the factories should be scattered instead of being concentrated in a single area. |新一任的市长提倡将工厂分建在各地而不要集中在一个地区。

　　||<10>　<em>scattered</em> |a.     |spread over a wide area or over a long period of time |分散的；零星的

　　||||After the concert hundreds of wine bottles and beer cans were left scattered on the grass. |音乐会结束后成百个酒瓶和啤酒罐散落在草地上。

　　||||There are scattered trees on the hillside. |山坡上零零落落长着些树。

　　||<11>insane |a.     |mentally ill, or extremely unreasonable |患精神病的；疯狂的

　　||||When his girlfriend walked out on him, he went insane. |当女朋友抛弃他时，他的精神失常了。

　　||||His family had no choice but to put him in an insane hospital. |他的家人没办法只好把他送进精神病院。

　　||<12>　<em>institutionalize</em> |vt.     |send sb. to live in an institution, usu. because they are mentally ill or homeless |收容

　　||||Her condition got worse, to such a degree that we had to institutionalize her. |她的情形极度恶化，我们不得不把她送进精神病院。

　　||||Her children institutionalized her when she was too old to look after herself. |当她老得无法照顾自己时，孩子们送她去了养老院。

　　||<13>grocer |n.     |[C] sb. who owns or works in a shop that sells food and other things used in the home |食品杂货商；杂货铺店员

　　||||I bought some flour at the grocer's. |我在食品杂货店里买了些面粉。

　　||||I made friends with the grocer after visiting his shop for a few times. |去了那家店几次后，我和食品杂货商成了朋友。

　　|@ |<14>deceive |vt.    |make sb. believe sth. that is not true |欺骗

　　||||He deceived me by pretending to be a famous movie star. |他假装成电影明星，骗了我。

　　||||He had been deceived into thinking that she was a good person. |他上当受骗，以为她是个好人。

　　||<15>missile |n.     |[C] |导弹

　　||||an air-to-air missile |空对空导弹

　　||||a cruise missile |巡航导弹

　　|@ |<16>ambitious |a.     |having a great desire to be successful, powerful or wealthy |雄心勃勃的；充满野心的

　　||||He's very ambitious for his children. |他对他的孩子们抱有极大的期望。

　　||||The tunnel was one of the most ambitious engineering projects ever undertaken. |这条隧道是所承接过的工程项目之中要求最高的。

　　||<17>identification |n.    |[U] the action of recognizing sb. or sth |识别；辨认

　　||||Identification of the jewels was made by the owner. |珠宝是由主人鉴定的。

　　||||The identification of the customer needs is vital for the company to make its marketing strategy. |公司要制定市场策略，正确地辨别客户需求非常重要。

　　||<18>revolve |v.     |(cause to) move round a central point or line |（使）旋转

　　||||The moon revolves around the earth and the earth revolves around the sun. |月亮绕着地球转，地球绕着太阳转。

　　||||His whole life revolves around his work. |他的生活以工作为核心。

　　|@|<19>intermediate |a.     |at a level between the basic and the advanced level |中级的；中等程度的

　　||||This book is intended for readers of intermediate level. |这本书是写给中级水平的读者的。

　　||||Eventually we hope to be making profits of $100,000 a year, but our intermediate target is $60,000. |我们希望最终可以每年获利10万美元，但中期目标为一年6万美元。

　　|@|<20>advanced |a.     |far on or ahead in development or progress |高级的，先进的

　　||||My views are too advanced for him. |我的观点对他而言太先进了。

　　||||Teachers of advanced reading should develop a conscious awareness of the syntax of written English. |教高级阅读的老师应该有意识地注意到书面英语的句法。

　　||<21>lap |vt.    |drink liquid with the tongue |舔食

　　||||The cat lapped the porridge as if she had been nearly starved to death. |那猫舔着粥，似乎快饿死了。

　　||||The cat laps its milk. |猫舔食牛奶。

　　|||v.|(of water) move or beat upon a shore with a soft sound |（水）拍打

　　||||Water lapped the shore. |波浪拍打海岸。

　　||<22>　<em>monstrous</em> |a.     |very wrong, immoral, or unfair |残忍的；可怕的

　　||||It was unbelievable that such a monstrous crime could have occurred in their neighborhood. |如此骇人听闻的罪行会在小区里发生，让人难以置信。

　　||||It's monstrous that he should be so ungrateful for all the help his friends have given him. |太可怕了，他竟然对朋友们的帮助如此不领情。

　　||<23>refugee |n.     |[C] sb. who has been forced to leave their country, esp. during a war, or for political or religious reasons |难民

　　||||During the war, many refugees fled to Britain. |打仗时，许多难民逃到了英国。

　　||||They were living in a refugee camp. |他们住在难民营里。

　　|@|<24>corruption |n.     |[U] dishonest, illegal, or immoral behavior, esp. by sb. with power |腐败

　　||| |Corruption among officials was another cause for discontent. |官员的腐败是导致不满的另一个原因。

　　||||<em>The Bible</em> warns against sin and corruption. |《圣经》告诫世人不能犯罪和腐败。

　　||<25>fascinate |vt.    |attract or interest sb. very much |强烈吸引，迷住

　　||||What fascinates me about him is his charm. |是他的魅力吸引了我。

　　||||The idea of working in an international company fascinates Susan. |在国际性公司工作的想法把苏珊吸引住了。

　　|▲|<26>humiliate |vt.    |make sb. feel ashamed or stupid, esp. when other people are present |使丢脸；使蒙羞

　　||||It's so humiliating to sign such a peace treaty with those countries. |与那些国家签定这样一份和平协议真是耻辱。

　　||||Don't you think it's a bit humiliating for Robert that his girlfriend is now dating his brother? |你不认为罗伯特的女友现在与他弟弟约会让他有些丟脸吗？

　　|@ |<27>sympathize |vi.    |(BrE sympathise) feel sorry for sb. |同情；体谅

　　|| ||I find it difficult to sympathize with him when he complains so much. |他抱怨这么多，我觉得很难对他表示同情。

　　||||While I sympathize, I cannot do much about it. |尽管我表示同情，但我却帮不上什么忙。

　　||<28>diplomat |n.     |[C] sb. who officially represents their government in a foreign country |外交官

　　||||He is a US diplomat assigned to the embassy in London. |他是被派往驻伦敦大使馆的美国外交官。

　　||||Mr. Richard is an experienced diplomat who has served in many countries. |理查德先生出使过许多国家，是一位经验丰富的外交官。

　　||<29>embassy |n.     |[C] the group of people who represent their country in a foreign country, or the building they work in |大使馆全体官员；大使馆

　　||||He was working at the Indian Embassy. |他在印度大使馆工作。

　　||||The embassy gave a reception for the visiting delegates. |大使馆为来访的代表们举行了招待会。

　　||<30>oval |a.     |shaped like a long narrow circle |椭圆形的

　　||||an oval table |一张椭圆形桌子

　　||||There was a large oval mirror in her bedroom. |她的卧室里有一面巨大的椭圆形镜子。

　　||<31>journalist |n.     |[C] sb. who writes news reports for newspapers, magazines, television, or radio |新闻记者

　　||||She worked as a political journalist before becoming a politician. |她成为政治家之前是一名政治记者。

　　||||A journalist should first and foremost be honest. |作为一名记者首先应该要诚实。

　　|@|<32>considering |prep.  |used to say that one is thinking about a particular fact when giving their opinion |考虑到

　　||||The child was quite tall considering his age. |考虑到他的年龄，这孩子够高的了。

　　||||Considering the weather, we got here quite quickly. |考虑到天气因素，我们到这儿算是够快的了。

　　|★|<33>onward |a. & ad.  |moving forward |向前的（地）；前进的（地）

　　||||There's nothing you can do to halt the onward march of time. |谁都阻挡不了时间前进。

　　||||From its foundation onward the company has been involved with charitable activities. |这家公司从成立开始就一直参与慈善活动。

　　|@ |<34>correspond |vi.    |1. (to, with) be the same as sth. else, or very much like it |相符；相一致

　　||||The American FBI corresponds to the British MI5. |美国的联邦调查局相当于英国的军情五处。

　　||||His story of what happened that night didn't correspond with the witness's version. |他关于那天晚上发生的事的陈述和证人所说的不符。

　　||||2. (with) write letters to sb. and receive letters from them |通信

　　||||He's been corresponding with the famous writer for many years. |他和这位著名作家通信多年了。

　　||<35>marginal |a.     |1. very small |微小的；少量的

　　||||There has been a marginal improvement in the firm's sales. |公司的销售情况略有改善。

　　||||The new law will only have a marginal effect on the lives of most people. |新的法律对大多数人的生活产生的影响不大。

　　||||2. relating to a margin |边缘的

　　||||marginal notes |旁注

　　||<36>concession |n.     |1. [C] an acknowledgment or admission |承认，认可

　　||||concessions to reality |承认现实

　　|| ||The lawyer's concession on that point will help your case. |律师认可这一点将对你的案子有利。

　　||||2. [C] sth. that you allow sb. to have in order to end an argument or a disagreement |让步

　　||||You say both should make concessions; I think so too. |你说双方都应让步，我也觉得是这样。

　　||||As a concession, mother let Nell stay up an hour longer. |作为让步，母亲同意奈尔过一小时再睡觉。

　　|@ |<37>keen |a.     |1. wanting to do sth. or liking sth. very much |渴望的；热衷的

　　||||We were very keen to start work. |我们热切盼望着开始工作。

　　||||They were keen for their children to go to the best schools. |他们渴望子女上最好的学校。

　　||||2. very strong |强烈的

　　||||Many people are taking a keen interest in the result of vote. |许多人对选举结果有浓厚的兴趣。

　　||||It's a summer night with very keen moonlight. |那是一个月光明亮的夏夜。

　　||<38>nuisance |n.     |[C] sb. or sth. that is annoying |讨厌的人或东西

　　||||Flies are a nuisance. |苍蝇是讨厌的东西。

　　||||Don't make a nuisance of yourself: Sit down and be quiet! |别让你自己令人讨厌：坐下，安静点。

　　||<39>thrill |n.     |[C] a feeling of extreme excitement, usu. caused by sth. pleasant |兴奋，激动

　　||||A letter arrived which gave her an extraordinary thrill. |来了一封信，让她异常兴奋。

　　||||It gave me quite a thrill to meet the President. |见到总统，令我着实激动。

　　|||vt.|make sb. feel excited and happy |使激动；使兴奋

　　||||She was thrilled by his music. |他的音乐让她兴奋不已。

　　||||Stories of adventure thrilled him. |冒险故事使他感到兴奋激动。

　　||<40>fantasy |n.     |[C] an imagined exciting situation or experience |幻想

　　||||He lives in a world of fantasy. |他生活在幻想的世界里。

　　||||Some of the old fantasies are coming true. |过去的幻想正在变成现实。

　　||<41>depart |vi.    |leave a place, esp. to start a journey |启程；离开

　　||||Before you depart, let me give you a word of advice. |在你离开之前，让我给你一句忠告。

　　||||In a few minutes she was ready to depart. |几分钟后，她准备动身。

　　||<42>scheme |n.     |[C] a plan to do sth. |计划；规划

　　||||Most of his schemes were never carried out for lack of money. |因为缺乏资金，他的大多数计划都没有实现。

　　||||He planned to steal the money, but his schemes were discovered. |他计划偷钱，但是阴谋被发现了。

　　||<43>summit |n.     |[C] the highest point or part |顶点；顶峰

　　||||This is the summit of the mountain; we can't get any higher. |这就是峰顶；我们无法再登高了。

　　||||He is now at the summit of his career. |他正处在事业顶峰。

　　||<44>namely |ad.    |that is |即；也就是

　　||||Only one person can do the job, namely you. |只有一个人能做这份工作，那就是你。

　　||||There are three colors in the British flag, namely red, white and blue. |英国国旗上有三种颜色，那就是红，白，蓝。

　　|@ |<45>overall |a.     |including everything |全面的

　　||||The overall cost is still rising. |总成本还在持续上涨。

　　||||The overall situation is encouraging. |总体形势是有利的。

　　||<46>　<em>forevermore</em> |ad.    |forever |永远

　　||||I hope we'll remain friends forevermore. |我希望我们能永远做朋友。

　　||||The lovers promised to be faithful forevermore. |两个相爱的人许诺要永远忠诚。

　　<TITLE>Phrases and Expressions</TITLE>

　　||<47>in (the) face of |when facing sth., esp. sth. unpleasant or difficult |面对

　　|||He remained calm even in the face of such a danger. |他临危不惧。

　　|||What could he do in the face of all these difficulties? |面对着所有这些困难他能怎么办？

　　||<48>make sth. of sb. |make sb. a successful person |使成为有出息的人

　　||  |He made something of himself in spite of difficulties. |尽管困难重重，他成了有出息的人。

　　||  |They made a super model of her. |他们让她成了超级名模。

　　||<49>pass away|die |死亡，逝世

　　|||The old man passed away lonely in his small house. |老人在他的小屋子里孤独地去世了。

　　|||David missed his wife who had passed away recently. |大卫十分想念自己刚去世的妻子。

　　||<50>have sth. at heart|really care about sth. |关心

　　|||He has the honor of the family at heart. |他关心着家族的荣誉。

　　|||The only interests they have at heart are their own. |他们只关心自己的利益。

　　||<51>from sb.'s standpoint |from sb.'s way of considering sth. |从某人的立场或观点来说

　　|||From a literary critic's standpoint, his novels aren't actually much good. |从文学批评家的角度看，他的小说并不是很好。

　　|||From the parents' standpoint, the school is doing well. |从家长的角度看，学校做得很好。

　　||<52>be entitled to |have the right to do or have sth. |有权做；有权得到

　　|||You are entitled to some time on your own. |你有权支配自己的一些时间。

　　|||If you fail three times, you are not entitled to try any more. |如果你失败三次，你就无权再试了。

　　||<53>pick up the pieces |try to return to a normal life after a difficult experience |收拾残局；恢复正常

　　|||In Virginia, it's time to pick up the pieces after the hurricane. |飓风过后，弗吉尼亚市得修整残局，恢复正常生活。

　　|||He's now struggling to pick up the pieces left by the power shift. |他正努力收拾权力更替留下的残局。

　　||<54>take shelter |find protection from bad weather or danger |躲避

　　|||The rain was quite heavy and he took shelter in a doorway. |雨下得很大，他在门口避雨。

　　|||Keep an eye on the weather and be prepared to take shelter immediately if conditions worsen. |注意关注天气变化，如果情形不好，赶紧躲避。

　　||<55>lap up |enjoy sth. |欣赏

　　|||She flatters him all the time and he just laps it up. |她一直对他吹捧奉承，而他一并接受。

　　|||They lapped up his story about the accident. |他们相信了他对事故的描述。

　　||<56>look forward to |feel happy and excited about sth. that is going to happen |盼望，期待

　　|| |I'm looking forward to your reply. |期待你的回信。

　　|| |She's looking forward to the day her husband returns from his business trip. |她期待着丈夫出差回来那一天。

　　||<57>know better |be wise enough to avoid making mistakes |有头脑；明事理（而不至于）

　　|||She's old enough to know better than to spend all her money on clothes. |她这样的年龄应该知道不该把钱全花在衣服上。

　　|||I should know better than to lend him any money. |我不该把钱借给他。

　　||<58>watch out |be careful |注意；小心

　　|||Watch out for traffic here. |在这里要注意来往车辆。

　　|||You'll catch cold if you don't watch out. |你如果不注意就可能着凉。

　　||<59>once and for all |completely and finally |一劳永逸地；永远地；彻底地

　　|||I want to settle the question once and for all. |我想一劳永逸地解决这个问题。

　　|||Let's settle this matter once and for all. |让我们一劳永逸地解决这个问题吧。

　　||<60>out of touch with |no longer have information about sth. |不再了解

　　|||I've been out of touch with the old place for a great many years. |我已经好多年没去过那个老地方了。

　　|||If you live in the country, you soon get out of touch with things. |如果你住在乡下，你很快会变得孤陋寡闻。

　　<TITLE>Proper Names</TITLE>

　　||<61>Allen| |艾伦（人名）

　　||<62>Edwin James| |埃德温·詹姆士（人名）

　　||<63>　<em>The New York Times</em> | |《纽约时报》

　　||<64>Johns Hopkins| |约翰·霍普金斯（大学 ）

　　||<65>　<em>Baltimore Sun</em> | |《巴尔的摩太阳报》

　　||<66>Russ| |拉斯（人名）

　　||<67>Pulitzer Prize| |普利策奖 (美国一种多项的新闻、文化奖，由美国著名的报纸编辑和出版家约瑟夫·普利策出资设立)